A Framework Based on the DAO and NFT in Blockchain for Electronic Document Sharing

In the information age,electronic documents(e-documents)have become a popular alternative to paper documents due to their lower costs,higher dissemination rates,and ease of knowledge sharing.However,digital copyright infringements occur frequently due to the ease of copying,which not only infringes on the rights of creators but also weakens their creative enthusiasm.Therefore,it is crucial to establish an e-document sharing system that enforces copyright protection.However,the existing centralized system has outstanding vulnerabilities,and the plagiarism detection algorithm used cannot fully detect the context,semantics,style,and other factors of the text.Digital watermark technology is only used as a means of infringement tracing.This paper proposes a decentralized framework for e-document sharing based on decentralized autonomous organization(DAO)and non-fungible token(NFT)in blockchain.The use of blockchain as a distributed credit base resolves the vulnerabilities inherent in traditional centralized systems.The e-document evaluation and plagiarism detection mechanisms based on the DAO model effectively address challenges in comprehensive text information checks,thereby promoting the enhancement of e-document quality.The mechanism for protecting and circulating e-document copyrights using NFT technology ensures effective safeguarding of users’e-document copyrights and facilitates e-document sharing.Moreover,recognizing the security issues within the DAO governance mechanism,we introduce an innovative optimization solution.Through experimentation,we validate the enhanced security of the optimized governance mechanism,reducing manipulation risks by up to 51%.Additionally,by utilizing evolutionary game analysis to deduce the equilibrium strategies of the framework,we discovered that adjusting the reward and penalty parameters of the incentive mechanism motivates creators to generate superior quality and unique e-documents,while evaluators are more likely to engage in assessments.

Study of coexisting upstream solitary wave packet and downstream wakes induced by Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated islands detected by satellite sun glitter

Taking the advantage of sun glitter(SG)observed from high-resolution satellites Gaofen-1(GF-1)and Gaofen-6(GF-6),a new method named Shield and Vortex 1-2(SAV1-2)for extracting spatial texture information from sun glitter was established.Sea surface texture detail information around Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated islands was extracted using SAV1-2.Meanwhile,the dynamic characteristics of the water environment were analyzed by combining the water color,temperature and dynamic data.The results show the following information.(1)Stable westward shield effect and eastward Karman vortex streets,extracted from SG,appear upstream(westward)and downstream(eastward)of the Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated islands respectively.(2)The dominant direction of the Kuroshio Current in the Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated islands area is east,the Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated islands interacting with Kuroshio,inducing western shield and eastern shelter and wake.Furthermore,wave intervals of the shield in front of the island range from hundreds to thousands of metres,and extend wider than the island itself.(3)Combining with high-resolution sea surface temperature(SST)and chlorophyll a(Chl a)concentration,the directional changes of water color elements are mutually supported and proved with the stable shield(wave packet)effect in the west and vortex street effect in the east.The change of SST upstream of the island(western shield area)is not significant,the temperature in the downstream shelter area decreases slightly,and the SST in the downstream wake area shows a general trend of obvious decrease.The wake area is dominated by Karman vortex streets in shape,supplementing by vortices.The concentration of Chl a in the west shield of island is as low as that in downstream shelter area,while it increases significantly in the downstream wake area with shape in eddy or ribbon.(4)The SAV methods of extracting sea surface texture detail using SG can be widely used in different sea areas and water quality.This paper can provide reference for the protection and development of Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated islands and its surrounding waters.It is suggested that some kind of current buffer,such as marine wind farm,should be established in the western waters of Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated islands to protect the islands,and marine pasture should be developed in the downstream of eastern waters of Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated islands.

DAO AN（道安）牌车载CD机不通电检修

机主诉说使用中突然不通电，请汽车电路维修工检查车上保险插片，结果是好的，判定故障在CD机，于是拆下送修。 接上维修电源稳压12V，只见CD机面板显示屏隐约显示“00：00”。按压“开机”键显示调频收音状态，调音量旋钮有音量数字变化。接入两只扬声器却无声。测功放块TDA7388的静音控制（22）脚、开启控制④脚电压为0．3V，这两脚正常电压应在3V左右。以上试验说明给面板控制CPU供电5V是正常的。否则显示屏不会有显示。下一步追查目标是什么原因造成面板背光灯不亮，为说明问题测制供电简图见图1。

The Journey/DAO/TAO of Embodied Intelligence: From Large Models to Foundation Intelligence and Parallel Intelligence

THE tremendous impact of large models represented by ChatGPT[1]-[3]makes it necessary to con-sider the practical applications of such models[4].However,for an artificial intelligence(AI)to truly evolve,it needs to possess a physical“body”to transition from the virtual world to the real world and evolve through interaction with the real environments.In this context,“embodied intelligence”has sparked a new wave of research and technology,leading AI beyond the digital realm into a new paradigm that can actively act and perceive in a physical environment through tangible entities such as robots and automated devices[5].

DAO媒介:驱动未来社会算法化与自组织的元媒介

DAO媒介是以区块链算法等技术为基础,支持数字社群协同自治的媒介,具有区块链、智能合约与投票等功能特性和要素确权、技术信任、规则构架以及场景聚合等价值禀赋。对于数字生态显露的各种问题,“算法化”是重构数字生态、降解社会系统复杂性的关键机制,DAO媒介是支撑“自组织式”算法化的元媒介。DAO媒介与数字文明时代喷发的微粒个体、微资源、微价值、微需求、微场景等相匹配,能够深度匹配人的个性与自我,形成有效的趣缘连接,进而极大地释放数字文明的生产力。DAO媒介将深刻影响社会系统的构造,将微粒个体与相关社会要素“包裹”为闭环子系统,支持其准开放的系统边界、有效的异质性整合、可持续的规则重构、子系统与父级系统的持续分化和快速进化,等等。在数字文明时代,DAO媒介将使“重新部落化”的“地球村”变为现实,其驱动构筑的DAO社会将更加多元、更加富有创造力,不断拓展人类群体实践的自由度,使人类在高度异质性聚合基础上更加和谐有序地整合协同。

Cross-cultural Talks of Dao in the Cultivating of Critical and Creative Thinking

This paper aims to go into the Dao of critical and creative thinking(CCT)through a comparison and contrast of a number of scholars’remarks.Cultural differences lead to varying understanding of thinking patterns,entailing the distinct displaying of critio-creative thoughts.This can be revealed in the terms of intellectual standards by the Western scholars;on the other hand,it can be mirrored in the Chinese terms of Dao,De,wu(无),you(有),xin(心),xing(性),qi(气),and zhen(真).Dao of myriads of generating lives with each other,a harmonious disagreement.Intellectual standards,defining the basics and fundamental of fresh views,contribute to the coming of new ideas.Yijing,Book of Changes,and Dao De Ching,are two great books in the ancient Chinese philosophy,both of which handle creating and generating powers.We can see the reverse thinking and the weak over the strong in Dao De Ching,the creating and producing of being Dao in Yi thoughts,as well as yin-yang approach in these two.They are the driving force of the becoming of all things.The focus of Dao,a transforming process,is hidden in the field of critical and creative field in the Chinese unity of nature and humans.Focus-field theory can effectively and efficiently interpret the CCT.The Dao of CCT is wu(无),beyond words;whose you(有),being,just is a habit,a lifelong learning.The heart of it is supu(素朴),a just-do-it job,and the operating is the flow of qi,yin-yang going.The zhen(真)of it is of freedom,free thinking.

The DAO to MetaControl for MetaSystems in Metaverses:The System of Parallel Control Systems for Knowledge Automation and Control Intelligence in CPSS

An investigation and outline of MetaControl and DeControl in Metaverses for control intelligence and knowledge automation are presented.Prescriptive control with prescriptive knowledge and parallel philosophy is proposed as the starting point for the new control philosophy and technology,especially for computational control of metasystems in cyberphysical-social systems.We argue that circular causality,the generalized feedback mechanism for complex and purposive systems,should be adapted as the fundamental principle for control and management of metasystems with metacomplexity in metaverses.Particularly,an interdisciplinary approach is suggested for MetaControl and DeControl as a new form of intelligent control based on five control metaverses:MetaVerses,MultiVerses,InterVerses,TransVerse,and DeepVerses.

DAO to HANOI via DeSci: AI Paradigm Shifts from AlphaGo to ChatGPT

From AlphaGo to ChatGPT,the field of AI has launched a series of remarkable achievements in recent years.Analyzing,comparing,and summarizing these achievements at the paradigm level is important for future AI innovation,but has not received sufficient attention.In this paper,we give an overview and perspective on machine learning paradigms.First,we propose a paradigm taxonomy with three levels and seven dimensions from a knowledge perspective.Accordingly,we give an overview on three basic and twelve extended learning paradigms,such as Ensemble Learning,Transfer Learning,etc.,with figures in unified style.We further analyze three advanced paradigms,i.e.,AlphaGo,AlphaFold and ChatGPT.Second,to enable more efficient and effective scientific discovery,we propose to build a new ecosystem that drives AI paradigm shifts through the decentralized science(DeSci)movement based on decentralized autonomous organization(DAO).To this end,we design the Hanoi framework,which integrates human factors,parallel intelligence based on a combination of artificial systems and the natural world,and the DAO to inspire AI innovations.

Bioactive compounds of red grapes from Dao region(Portugal):Evaluation of phenolic and organic profile

Objective:To improve the knowledge on the metabolite profile of five red grapes from D?o region(Portugal),concerning to the phenolic characteristics(coloured and non-coloured phenolics) and organic acid composition.Methods:Five red grapes collected from D?o region were studied.The profiles of phenolic compounds and organic acids were estimated by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection and high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detector,respectively.Results:Totally 24 phenolic compounds were identified,and distributed by several classes:8 anthocyanins,1 hydroxybenzoic acid,4 hydroxycinnamic acids,1 stilbene,4flavan-3-ols,6 flavonols.Additionally,10 organic acids were detected in all samples.Total contents of each phenolic class and organic acids amounts varied significantly among the different grape cultivars investigated.The principal components analysis differentiates the Touriga Nacional from the other varieties due to their high contents in anthocyanins,non-coloured phenolics and organic acids.Touriga Nacional is an important red grape cultivar,highly esteemed in D?o region for its ability to produce high quality wines.Conclusions:The results suggest that the red grapes from D?o region present a good composition in bioactive compounds,being important for the production of wines with superior quality.

A Network Pharmacology Analysis of Cang Fu Dao Tan Formula for the Treatment of Obese Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Objective To explore the potential molecular targets of Cang Fu Dao Tan Formula(CFDTF)in the treatment of obese polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)using network pharmacology and bioinformatic approaches.Methods The potential blood-entry active compounds and targets of CFDTF were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),and obese PCOS related gene targets were retrieved from GeneCard databases.A protein-protein interaction(PPI)network of CFDTF component-targets and obese PCOS diseasetargets was constructed using STRING.Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis of the intersection network were conducted using a Bioconductor database.Results In total,114 active compounds were screened according to oral bioavailability(OB)and drug similarity(DL),and 328 targets related to these constituents were obtained.Further,2559 target genes directly related to obese PCOS were obtained from the GeneCard databases,and 82 genes were obtained from the intersection of the component-target and disease-target PPI network.These genes were mainly involved in response to steroid hormones,nutrient levels and lipopolysaccharide as well as in other biological processes.Their molecular functions were mainly related to nuclear receptor activity,phosphatase binding and cytokine activity,and they were enriched in the cytoplasm,cell membrane and membrane region.Conclusions CFDTF consists of 114 active compounds that are responsible for its pharmacodynamic effects.It mainly regulates the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications,bladder cancer,and hepatitis B and in other signaling networks.These findings provide certain theoretical and scientific basis for the treatment of obese PCOS with Chinese medicine.

Chris Barker’s Biological and Cultural Research in Development Theories of Physical Culture at Vietnam(In the Case of Nam Huynh Dao School)

In relation to human issues,the relationship between biology and culture has long been an important part of general social science research,cultural studies in particular.In which Chris Barker’s theory of biology and culture in relation to related theories can be considered as one of the noteworthy remarks about the method and methodology to pass on the actual field Nam Huynh Dao school,the article focuses on clarifying the basic content of the problem with orientation to contribute to research and development of physical culture in Vietnam at present.This article was selected to read and print in the conference proceedings of scientific conference entitled“Theory of Western Culture and Applied to Vietnamese Culture Research”organized by the University of Social Sciences and Humanities,Vietnam National University-HCM City(USSH,VNU-HCM,Vietnam)(29 November 2018).

CLINICAL OBSERVATION OF THERAPEUTIC EFFECT ON OCCIPITAL NEURALGIA TREATED WITH DAO FA IN ACUPUNCTURE MANIPULATION

Objective To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of Dao Fa in acupuncture treatment of occipital neuralgia and make the comparison with routine acupuncture. Methods Duo Fa was applied to Tiānzhù （天柱 BL10）, Fēngchí （风池 GB20） to treat occipital neuralgia and compare its results with routine acupuncture. Results The total effective rate was 95.6 % in Duo Fa group, 77.8% in routine group, indicating significant difference （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Comparing with routine acupuncture, Duo Fa is advantageous at selection of fewer acupoints, better therapeutic effect and quicker achievement of efficacy in treatment of occipital neuralgia.

Blockchain-based reporting protocols as a collective monitoring mechanism in DAOs

As a recent decentralized business model,Distributed Autonomous Organization(DAO)challenges the management paradigms of conventional organizations and represents the future of democracy-based systems.However,DAOs are facing challenges that can be divided into two categories,including policy-based and technical challenges.Detecting misbehaving nodes is a crucial challenge that is considered in both categories.Designing mechanisms to report malicious behaviors while maintaining anonymity is essential for the survival and efficiency of DAOs.In this paper,we clarify the problem,and introduce Blockchain-Based Anonymous Reporting(BBAR)as a collective monitoring mechanism in DAOs with its requirements and implementation methods.

The Connotations and English Translations of Dao (道) in Chinese Classics

Translating, in light of philosophical hermeneutics, is a process of understanding and interpreting, of which understanding is the premise. Dao (道) is a core concept in traditional Chinese ideology with plentiful cultural connotations. While, it has been put into a variety of dictions. Only the thorough understanding of the language and culture in the source text leads to the appropriate production in translation.

Continuity and Change in Dao Yin:Comparing and Contrasting the Therapeutic Exercises in Yin Shu(The Book of Pulling,c.2nd Century BCE)and Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun(Treatise on the Origins and Manifestations of Various Diseases,610 CE)

The manuscript Yin Shu(The Book of Pulling),excavated from Zhangjiashan Han Tomb No.247,is the earliest surviving text on therapeutic exercise known as Dao Yin(lit.guiding and pulling).Discovered in 1983,this Dao Yin text,together with the drawings of 44 figures performing“guiding and pulling”exercises found in the Mawangdui Han Tomb in 1974,are of great significance to the study of the early history of Dao Yin.Prior to these discoveries,researchers into Dao Yin relied mainly on material found in the Dao Zang(the Daoist Canon),compiled in 1145.This led to their conclusion that Dao Yin was essentially Daoist.The development of Dao Yin reached its zenith during the Sui Dynasty(581–618 CE),when it became one of the three medical departments at the imperial medical education institution.As part of the medical reform of the second Sui Emperor,Yang Di,Dao Yin became the treatment of choice,and the employment of a large number of Dao Yin specialists to the Sui court transformed the state medical service.The compilation of Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun(Treatise on the Origins and Manifestations of Various Diseases)under Yang Di’s decree,incorporated an abundance of resources on Dao Yin,enabling physicians to potentially“prescribe”Dao Yin to their patients.Situating both Yin Shu and Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun in their social and historical contexts,this article analyses their editorial treatments,examines their different objectives,styles,and readerships,and compares the various exercises described in the two texts.It emphasizes the fact that over a period of nearly a thousand years,from the late Warring States(475–221 BCE)to the Sui and Tang periods,Dao Yin was an important medical practice,culminating in its institutionalization by the Sui government.

＂Dao＂ Cannot Produce ＂One＂

＂Dao＂ refers to the noumenon; ＂One,＂ ＂Two,＂ ＂Three＂ in the ＂Dao De Jing＂ refer to many kinds of independent existence. This paper would argue that the ＂Dao＂ cannot produce ＂One,＂ and ＂One＂ cannot produce ＂Two.＂ So, we should realize that the main relation between any independent existence should be the force effected to each other. There are two production ways of the force： One is the external force stated in the study of the physical science; another is from the contradiction within a body, as the demonstration in this paper.

Translating Theory in the Perspective of Daoism

This paper aims to explore the translating theory with the terms in the Dao De Jing such as Dao,De,Being,Non‐being,Yin,Yang,Integrated,Harmony,Form,Spirit,Qi,Emptiness,Tranquility,Inspiration,Sitting Down,and Forgetting.The translating process is to deconstruct Dao in the SL(source language)and the TL(target language).Numerous translation approaches or techniques all can hug their counterparts in the Daoism,revealing the underlying position of the first Chinese philosophy,whose ontology is Dao,following the way of nature,the self‐way.The great Dao is of abstract metaphysical theory,and the I‐being is the self experience and conscientiousness of translators,both of which invite open‐mindedness,selflessness,balance,and ongoing initiative.Being and non‐being are antitheses.Being comes from non‐being,whose revelation is being,De.SL is of being,the translating of which is non‐being.Non‐action proclaims that one’s conduct shall be natural,spontaneous,and balanced.The translating process reflects the harmonies of Yin and Yang in the two versions.Qi,a force or a momentum in the two texts,the flowing thoughts,undergoes with infinitesimal of purposed involvement but effortless job.Your translating product attributes to your nature,and your self‐cultivation of the two languages.

The Dao of Mathematical Creativity,Symmetry Theories,and Yin-Yang Philosophy With Their Classroom Applications

This paper introduces creativity,one of the significant features in maths.The creative mathematical beauty of symmetry and asymmetry are worth investigating in the practicing of Taichi.Symmetrical variances make the real world.Symmetry can be regarded as a kind of mirroring,like the line symmetry,the mirror image of the other parts,or rotational symmetry.Such characteristics can be vividly demonstrated in the traditional Chinese philosophical yin-yang theory(YY).The accompanying of male and female reveals the friendly cooperative relationship.YY reflects the counterparts of vacancy and firm,inhale and exhale,noun and verb,theory and practice,light and heavy,slow and fast,the pace,the sound effect in the classroom.Such an analysis is undergone about yin and yang in Yi School and Dao De Ching(DDC).Furthermore,there are detailed arguments of the symmetric nature of every verse of DDC,revealing the cultural value of the language.Their applications in the class admit the recognition under the new liberal arts project by China’s Ministry of Education.Yet,the integration of research and teaching is required to go further.

Intercultural Logical Analysis of Business Communication From Daoism and Vagueness

This paper discusses the interconnection between the Daoism and vagueness. On one hand, it summarizes the viewpoints of vagueness proposed by numerous scholars, displaying the function of such expressions, stressing the affirmative role; on the other hand, it launches the term into the Chinese first philosophy Daoism, revealing the links of these two good brothers. Then, the paper argues about the insights of the logics put forward by the Chinese and the Western professionals, drawing on the conclusion that the Daoism is concerned with the Dao of vagueness. It is a fuzzy set as well as logics of dialectics with reversion reasoning. The two high context terms resemble the cultures of the East and West. The integration can contribute to the success in business communication. No universal way can guide the business interaction; our heart and soul can soften all the discrepancy and conflict. Harmony can be achieved through a variety of Daoes, each cultural group bearing their own vagueness, silence, rhetoric, and reasoning. The logics of the Dao in business communication are in your eyes, your mouth, your hands, and your heart and soul in particular.

The Inheritance and Deviation of the Subjective Construction“You Bei X Dao(有被X到)”

Sentence“bei”(“被”字句)and“bei xx”(被xx)provide syntactic and semantic basis for the generation of the construction“You Bei X Dao(有被x到)”.They are in a continuum and have family similarity.The sentence“bei”is a typical member,while“bei xx”is an atypical member.Because the construction“You Bei X Dao”has a single function and less attention,it is at the edge of the continuum and is a marginal member.However,it has certain research value in the inheritance and innovation of“bei”and“bei xx”.