When the contacts of a medium-voltage DC air circuit breaker(DCCB) are separated, the energy distribution of the arc is determined by the formation process of the near-electrode sheath. Therefore, the voltage drop thr...When the contacts of a medium-voltage DC air circuit breaker(DCCB) are separated, the energy distribution of the arc is determined by the formation process of the near-electrode sheath. Therefore, the voltage drop through the near-electrode sheath is an important means to build up the arc voltage, which directly determines the current-limiting performance of the DCCB. A numerical model to describe the near-electrode sheath formation process can provide insight into the physical mechanism of the arc formation, and thus provide a method for arc energy regulation. In this work, we establish a two-dimensional axisymmetric time-varying model of a medium-voltage DCCB arc when interrupted by high current based on a fluid-chemical model involving 16 kinds of species and 46 collision reactions. The transient distributions of electron number density, positive and negative ion number density, net space charge density, axial electric field, axial potential between electrodes, and near-cathode sheath are obtained from the numerical model. The computational results show that the electron density in the arc column increases, then decreases, and then stabilizes during the near-cathode sheath formation process, and the arc column's diameter gradually becomes wider. The 11.14 V–12.33 V drops along the17 μm space charge layer away from the cathode(65.5 k V/m–72.5 k V/m) when the current varies from 20 k A–80 k A.The homogeneous external magnetic field has little effect on the distribution of particles in the near-cathode sheath core,but the electron number density at the near-cathode sheath periphery can increase as the magnetic field increases and the homogeneous external magnetic field will lead to arc diffusion. The validity of the numerical model can be proven by comparison with the experiment.展开更多
文中提出一种非隔离型软开关高增益准Z源DC-DC变换器。变换器具有输入电流连续、输入与输出供地、高电压增益以及开关器件应力小等优点。同时,变换器中所有开关管都工作在零电压开关(zero voltage switching,ZVS)条件下,所有二极管都工...文中提出一种非隔离型软开关高增益准Z源DC-DC变换器。变换器具有输入电流连续、输入与输出供地、高电压增益以及开关器件应力小等优点。同时,变换器中所有开关管都工作在零电压开关(zero voltage switching,ZVS)条件下,所有二极管都工作在零电压零电流开关(zero-voltage zero-current switching,ZVZCS)条件下,可以减小开关管的开关损耗以及二极管的反向恢复损耗。通过引入三耦合绕组提高变换器电压增益,同时,有源钳位电路的加入减小了开关管两端的电压尖峰。较小感值的耦合电感相应的铜损小、体积小,进而提高了变换器的效率和功率密度。深入分析变换器的工作模态,推导变换器的电压增益以及元器件的电压、电流应力,进行稳态分析和参数设计。最后,搭建一台100 kHz、200 W、38~380 V的实验样机,变换器在额定功率的效率为96.13%,实验结果与理论分析相吻合,证明所提变换器的可行性。展开更多
针对单体电池串联成组使用时出现不一致性的问题,提出了一种基于双向DC-DC变换器的串联电池组主动均衡电路。使用双向DC-DC变换器将单体电池中的高能量输送到能量低的单体电池中,无需额外的存储组件来存储和传送能量,减少了能量损失,提...针对单体电池串联成组使用时出现不一致性的问题,提出了一种基于双向DC-DC变换器的串联电池组主动均衡电路。使用双向DC-DC变换器将单体电池中的高能量输送到能量低的单体电池中,无需额外的存储组件来存储和传送能量,减少了能量损失,提高了均衡效率。根据电池开路电压(open circuit voltage,OCV)与荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)之间近似分段线性的关系,采用以电压和SOC双变量作为均衡策略,通过相互实时修正电压均衡和SOC均衡,使得电池组间能量动态趋于一致。最后通过搭建由4节单体电池组成的均衡电路实验平台,对提出的均衡电路和均衡控制策略进行有效性验证。展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.51977132)Key Special Science and Technology Project of Liaoning Province (Grant No.2020JH1/10100012)General Program of the Education Department of Liaoning Province (Grant No.LJKZ0126)。
文摘When the contacts of a medium-voltage DC air circuit breaker(DCCB) are separated, the energy distribution of the arc is determined by the formation process of the near-electrode sheath. Therefore, the voltage drop through the near-electrode sheath is an important means to build up the arc voltage, which directly determines the current-limiting performance of the DCCB. A numerical model to describe the near-electrode sheath formation process can provide insight into the physical mechanism of the arc formation, and thus provide a method for arc energy regulation. In this work, we establish a two-dimensional axisymmetric time-varying model of a medium-voltage DCCB arc when interrupted by high current based on a fluid-chemical model involving 16 kinds of species and 46 collision reactions. The transient distributions of electron number density, positive and negative ion number density, net space charge density, axial electric field, axial potential between electrodes, and near-cathode sheath are obtained from the numerical model. The computational results show that the electron density in the arc column increases, then decreases, and then stabilizes during the near-cathode sheath formation process, and the arc column's diameter gradually becomes wider. The 11.14 V–12.33 V drops along the17 μm space charge layer away from the cathode(65.5 k V/m–72.5 k V/m) when the current varies from 20 k A–80 k A.The homogeneous external magnetic field has little effect on the distribution of particles in the near-cathode sheath core,but the electron number density at the near-cathode sheath periphery can increase as the magnetic field increases and the homogeneous external magnetic field will lead to arc diffusion. The validity of the numerical model can be proven by comparison with the experiment.
文摘针对单体电池串联成组使用时出现不一致性的问题,提出了一种基于双向DC-DC变换器的串联电池组主动均衡电路。使用双向DC-DC变换器将单体电池中的高能量输送到能量低的单体电池中,无需额外的存储组件来存储和传送能量,减少了能量损失,提高了均衡效率。根据电池开路电压(open circuit voltage,OCV)与荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)之间近似分段线性的关系,采用以电压和SOC双变量作为均衡策略,通过相互实时修正电压均衡和SOC均衡,使得电池组间能量动态趋于一致。最后通过搭建由4节单体电池组成的均衡电路实验平台,对提出的均衡电路和均衡控制策略进行有效性验证。
