Synchronization Characterization of DC Microgrid Converter Output Voltage and Improved Adaptive Synchronization Control Methods

This paper deeply introduces a brand-new research method for the synchronous characteristics of DC microgrid bus voltage and an improved synchronous control strategy.This method mainly targets the problem of bus voltage oscillation caused by the bifurcation behavior of DC microgrid converters.Firstly,the article elaborately establishes a mathematical model of a single distributed power source with hierarchical control.On this basis,a smallworld network model that can better adapt to the topology structure of DC microgrids is further constructed.Then,a voltage synchronization analysis method based on the main stability function is proposed,and the synchronous characteristics of DC bus voltage are deeply studied by analyzing the size of the minimum non-zero eigenvalue.In view of the situation that the line coupling strength between distributed power sources is insufficient to achieve bus voltage synchronization,this paper innovatively proposes a new improved adaptive controller to effectively control voltage synchronization.And the convergence of the designed controller is strictly proved by using Lyapunov’s stability theorem.Finally,the effectiveness and feasibility of the designed controller in this paper are fully verified through detailed simulation experiments.After comparative analysis with the traditional adaptive controller,it is found that the newly designed controller can make the bus voltages of each distributed power source achieve synchronization more quickly,and is significantly superior to the traditional adaptive controller in terms of anti-interference performance.

Study and Production of a Two-Stage DC/DC DC/AC Converter for Generating an Alternating Voltage from a Direct Voltage Supplied by a Photovoltaic Array

This article presents an ongoing study of the design of a DC-AC inverter using a single renewable energy source. The proposed approach makes it possible to produce an output with an H-bridge or full bridge and a single energy source. To this end, the performance of the inverter was studied first by means of a simulation and then with the implementation of an experimental device.

信息搜索策略对DCS排险绩效的影响——认知负荷的中介效应研究

为探究在集散式控制系统(distributed control system,DCS)危险排除过程中控制员不同信息搜索策略对排险任务绩效的影响及认知负荷的中介效应,基于虚拟现实技术、皮肤电采样和眼动追踪技术构建模拟DCS工控平台,招募20名相关专业被试参与模拟排险实验并对其认知负荷及排险绩效进行量化,使用眼动轨迹匹配法判断被试的信息搜索模式,研究认知负荷的中介效应及中介机理。研究结果表明:不同信息搜索策略会显著影响任务绩效;认知负荷对该影响的中介效应高达89.66%,表明信息搜索策略主要通过影响认知负荷来间接作用于排险任务绩效,认知负荷越高,任务绩效越低;逻辑系统搜索策略能通过高效图式匹配减少认知资源消耗,显著抑制认知负荷增长,任务绩效表现最佳;空间系统搜索较难抑制认知负荷,任务绩效较差;随机搜索被试认知负荷显著高于其他组,绩效表现最差;此外,不同认知负荷水平下被试的信息搜索策略没有明显转变倾向。研究结果可为DCS控制人员的考核和培训提供理论支撑。

基于谐振型DCX的部分功率调节技术研究综述

以LLC为代表的谐振变换器具有良好的软开关性能以及高效功率传输优势,但是开关频率的改变会使得谐振点发生偏移,效率显著降低,直流变压器(DC transformer, DCX)工作状态虽有利于实现效率优化,但却限制了系统的电压调节范围。此外,传统全功率传输会导致器件应力高,存在效率优化局限。近年来,部分功率传输由于低应力、高效率以及控制简单等优势得到广泛的应用,将谐振变换器与部分功率技术结合,强化优势互补,提高应用价值,已成为目前的研究热点。文中从部分功率传输概念和基本连接形式入手,对基于谐振型DCX的部分功率调节系统结构进行归纳分析,概括为单级式、两级式以及准两级式3种结构类型,讨论分析适用于不同种类结构的变换器拓扑以及控制方式;其次,对目前所实现的部分功率调节系统所能达到的性能指标进行归纳,并对传统两级级联式结构和另外3种部分功率调节结构的器件数量、电压增益以及工作效率进行综合分析对比;最后,对不同结构的优缺点和应用局限性进行总结,并对未来发展趋势展望,为后续研究提供一定的参考。

一种基于磁集成的零输入电流纹波可扩展高增益DC-DC变换器

为减小传统DC-DC变换器中存在输入电流纹波大、开关管电压应力高和电压增益低等问题,提出一种基于磁集成的零输入电流纹波可扩展高增益DC-DC变换器。该变换器将磁集成技术与耦合电感纹波抑制技术结合,仅采用一个磁芯元件,既可消除输入电流纹波,又可获得高电压增益,并可形成一系列扩展单元,进一步提升电压增益,减小开关器件的电压应力。详细分析变换器的工作原理、稳态性能、增益扩展、磁集成原理和零输入电流纹波特性。为验证所提变换器相关理论的可行性,搭建一台140 W、24 V/400 V的实验样机,实验结果基本与理论分析一致。

A Piecewise Linear Slope Compensation Circuit for DC-DC Converters

To prevent sub-harmonic oscillation and improve the stability and load capacity of the system,a piecewise linear slope compensation circuit is designed. Compared with the traditional design, this circuit provides a compensation signal whose slope varies from different duty cycles at - 40-85℃ ,and reduces the negative effect of slope compensation on the system＇s load capacity and transient response. A current mode PWM Boost DC-DC converter employing this slope compensation circuit is implemented in a UMC 0.6μm-BCD process. The results indicate that the circuit works well and effectively,and the load capacity is increased by 20%. The chip area of the piecewise linear slope compensation circuit is 0.01mm^2 ,which consumes only 8μA quiescent current,and the efficiency ranges up to 93%.

Research on a Novel Inverter Based on DC/DC Converter Topology

The conventional inverters have the shortcomings of straightway conduction in transistors and the difficulty of realizing soft swit￣ching. A novel inverter based on the DC/DC converter topology is presented. The inverter is comprised of a combined Buck/Boost DC/DC converter and a bridge circuit. The front stage converter is controlled to output variable DC voltage and the bridge circuit is used to convert the DC voltage to AC output. The energy feedback technology and one circle control scheme are used t...

SIMULATION STUDY OF CHAOS IN DC-DC CONVERTER

A DC DC buck converter c on trolled by naturally sampled, constant frequency PWM is considered. The existe nce of chaotic solutions and the output performance of the system under differen t circuit parameters are studied. The transforming pattern of system behavior fr om steady state to chaotic is discovered by the cascades of period doubling bi furcation and the cascades of periodic orbit in V I phase space. Accordingl y, it is validated that change of values of the circuit parameters may lead DC DC converter to chaotic motion. Performances of the output ripples fro m steady state to chaotic are analyzed in time and frequency domains respective ly. Some important conclusions are helpful for opt imization design of DC DC converter.

车辆称重数据远传DCS的系统设计

青岛某再生能源公司为焚烧生活垃圾并发电,建立了1套有2台地磅的车辆自动称重系统,2台计算机读取地磅称重仪表中的数据,通过企业局域网传输到数据库服务器。焚烧发电的控制系统为DCS。在厂区内数据库服务器与DCS相距1.5 km,距离较远。为方便企业远程监控和统计入厂的垃圾量,设计了车辆称重数据远传DCS的系统,由光纤电缆实现通信。基于Modbus-RTU协议,利用Visual basic 6.0在数据库服务器上开发与DCS通信的程序,提取数据库中称重记录的有用信息,通过RS485串口将其远传至DCS。目前该系统已经投入使用,实际运行平稳、可靠,为企业获得政府政策性资金支持提供了数据支持。

A Current-Mode DC-DC Buck Converter with High Stability and Fast Dynamic Response

A current-mode DC-DC buck converter with high stability is presented. The loop gain＇s expression of the current-mode converter is derived by employing an advanced model of a current-mode control converter. After analyzing the loop gain＇s expression, which illustrates the method of selecting suitable frequency compensation for the control loop,a novel pole-zero tracking frequency compensation is proposed. Based on theoretical analysis, a DC-DC buck converter with high stability is designed with 0.5μm-CMOS technology. The simulated results reveal that the stability of the converter is independent of the load current and the input voltage. Moreover,the converter provides a full load transient response setting time of less than 5μs and overshoots and undershoots of less than 30mV.

核安全级DCS模拟量输入通道精度分析与设计

目前,国内核安全级DCS模拟量输入通道系统精度计算往往依托模拟量模块的精度数据开展系统级精度符合性计算,而未从设计层面具体分析影响模拟量通道精度的因素及设计方法。针对此问题,结合误差理论采用正向设计思路建立模拟量通道误差分析模型,通过通道关键器件选型和设计,实现通道精度的性能验证。结果表明,建立的误差模型较为准确,对核安全级DCS系统模拟量通道器件选型和设计具有指导意义。

Current Share Control IC Design for Paralleled DC/DC Converters

To keep even current distribution among DC/DC converters in a paralleled power system,an automatic master-slave control （AMSC） current sharing scheme is presented,which was implemented by a current share control IC. A current feedback loop for output voltage adjustment is proposed for low signal distortion. Moreover,a special startup control logic is designed to improve startup timing and to speed up the initial current sharing. It was completed in 1.5μm bipolar-CMOS-DMOS （BCD） technology with an area of 3.6mm^2 . Using it,a paralleled power system of two DC/DC converters capable of outputting 12V/3A was built. Experimental results show that the current sharing error at full load is kept within 1%.

Extract the Output Signal Characteristics of DC-DC Converter Based on Fourier Descriptor

The precondition of realizing feedback controlling DC DC converter to avoid chaotic state is to judge the behavior of the converter and take corresponding measures. In this paper, the output signals under different circuit parameters of the PWM buck converter have been analyzed. The method of using Fourier descriptor to extract output signals characteristics is put forward and proved to be a gist of identifying and classifying the behavior of DC DC converter. This method can establish a good foundation fo...

一种RTK单历元整周模糊度快速确定MAXCOM-DC组合算法

本文针对传统的RTK单历元整周模糊度确定主辅频相关法(MAXCOM)观测卫星数增多导致单历元整周模糊度确定效率降低的问题,提出了一种单历元卫星分类筛选处理方法;将单历元所有卫星分类为参考星、主星和辅星,应用MAXCOM算法单历元确定主星整周模糊度和DC算法确定辅星整周模糊度,并提出了一种新的RTK单历元整周模糊度快速确定算法,称为MAXCOM-DC组合算法。对一组BDS-3实测数据900个连续观测历元进行动态定位试验,结果分析表明,MAXCOM-DC组合算法可避免在应用MAXCOM算法时辅星对主星整周模糊度搜索效率的影响,将主星数设为6时,单历元整周模糊度快速确定效率平均提升了98.5%,且单历元模糊度成功率达99.9%。本文为高采样数据单历元RTK快速定位提供了一种新算法。

A Novel Hybrid DPWM for Digital DC-DC Converters

We present a new hybrid digital pulse-width modulator （DPWM） for digital DC-DC converters that employs a ring-oscillator/counter structure. Based on a temperature/process compensation technique and a novel digital controller, the proposed DPWM can not only offer temperature/process-independent pulse widths, but also operate at a much higher clock frequency than the existing delay-line/counter DPWM structure. Post-simulation results show that with our DPWM, the system clock frequency reaches 156.9MHz while the worst variation,in a temperature range of 0 to 100℃under all process corners,is only± 9.4%.

Improving Characteristics of Integrated Switched-Capacitor DC-DC Converter by CMOS Technology

An integrated 3.3V/1.2V SC DC-DC converter operating under 10MHz with a fixed duty radio of 0.5 is presented.To improve the output current of the converter,CMOS technology is adopted to fabricate the switching devices,and mutually compensatory circuitry technology is also employed to double the output current furthermore.The simulation results using Hspice simulation software,show that the output currents of a single unit circuit and two unit circuits connected in a mutually compensatory manner of the improved converter is about 12.5mA and 26mA,respectively.The power conversion efficiency of the mutually compensatory circuit can amount to 73%,while its output voltage ripple is less than 1.5%.The converter is fabricated in standard Rohm 0.35μm CMOS technology in Tokyo University of Japan.The test result indicates that the output current of 9.8mA can be obtained from a single unit circuit of the improved converter.

18万t/a双氧水装置中集散控制系统DCS及兼容SIS与GDS应用

利用国内先进的浙大中控成熟的DCS为软硬件控制平台,将其应用到18万t/a双氧水生产装置中。在阐述系统应用方案的基础上,提出了技术关键点,详述了DCS系统在双氧水装置中控制系统的软、硬件构成和控制方案及组态等。DCS系统软硬件综合调试并投运,整个生产过程稳定、可靠、产品合格率较高,达到了预期设计目标。

A Novel Control Strategy Based onπ-VSG for Inter-Face Converter in Hybrid Microgrid

The rapid development of new energy power generation technology and the transformation of power electronics in the core equipment of source-grid-load drives the power system towards the“double-high”development pattern of“high proportion of renewable energy”and“high proportion of power electronic equipment”.To enhance the transient performance of AC/DC hybrid microgrid(HMG)in the context of“double-high,”aπtype virtual synchronous generator(π-VSG)control strategy is applied to bidirectional interface converter(BIC)to address the issues of lacking inertia and poor disturbance immunity caused by the high penetration rate of power electronic equipment and new energy.Firstly,the virtual synchronous generator mechanical motion equations and virtual capacitance equations are used to introduce the virtual inertia control equations that consider the transient performance of HMG;based on the equations,theπ-type equivalent control model of the BIC is established.Next,the inertia power is actively transferred through the BIC according to the load fluctuation to compensate for the system’s inertia deficit.Secondly,theπ-VSG control utilizes small-signal analysis to investigate howthe fundamental parameters affect the overall stability of the HMG and incorporates power step response curves to reveal the relationship between the control’s virtual parameters and transient performance.Finally,the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation results show that theπ-VSG control effectively improves the immunity of AC frequency and DC voltage in the HMG system under the load fluctuation condition,increases the stability of the HMG system and satisfies the power-sharing control objective between the AC and DC subgrids.

水泥厂DCS系统Com电源短路故障及解决措施

DCS系统对水泥生产线的连续稳定运行起着重要作用,其中Com电源为数字量信号输入提供公共端电压,是确保DCS系统正常运作不可或缺的组件。Com电源短路故障是一种典型的DCS现场电气回路故障,多由现场输入的数字量信号回路对地短路引起,易导致DCS控制柜内Com电源保险熔断,进而造成数字量输入信号丢失。分析了速度开关与跑偏开关、限位开关以及直流电源导致的Com电源短路故障案例,通过采取禁止DCS系统Com电源直接通向生产现场、配置合适额定电流的断路器和增加隔离继电器等措施,有效实现了DCS控制柜内Com电源与生产现场的隔离,降低了DCS系统Com电源短路故障对水泥生产造成的影响,消除了故障隐患,提高了生产线运行的稳定性和连续性,为水泥生产的高效运营提供了坚实保障。

开关电源在安全级DCS中的应用失效研究

针对国产化安全级DCS平台的模拟量调理模块研制过程中,某型国产反激式开关电源曾多次偶发输入端短路失效问题。对该电源内部原理进行剖析,建立故障仿真模型。结合安全级DCS的实际应用场景,对该故障进行定位,明确国产某型反激式开关电源的失效机理,并给出对应的改进优化设计,有效提升国产化安全级DCS平台的可靠性及安全性。