主动配电网(Active Distribution Network)的产生对于加大可再生能源的消纳能力、提高用电互动化水平、实现配电网的灵活智能管理发挥着重要的作用,逐渐成为未来智能电网发展的重要方向。其中主动配电网能量管理系统(DMSs)作为主动配电...主动配电网(Active Distribution Network)的产生对于加大可再生能源的消纳能力、提高用电互动化水平、实现配电网的灵活智能管理发挥着重要的作用,逐渐成为未来智能电网发展的重要方向。其中主动配电网能量管理系统(DMSs)作为主动配电网的最高决策中心,通过对各分布式电源的有效控制和调度,保障配电网的全局优化运行。为提高主动配电网运行的经济性和可靠性,通过对主动配电网能量优化调度技术进行分析,考虑到风力发电和光伏发电的不确定性,结合随机模拟技术和惩罚函数方法,基于机会约束规划建立了含有风力发电机、光伏发电单元以及储能装置的主动配电网能量调度随机数学模型。在满足各种约束条件的基础上,使用改进的粒子群算法求解该模型。并以某地区实际系统为算例,通过与标准粒子群算法进行比较,验证所提模型的正确性与有效性。展开更多
This paper reports that a chemical method is employed to synthesize Co and Al co-doped ZnO, namely,Zn0.99-xCo0.01AlxO dilution semiconductors with the nominal composition of x=0, 0.005 and 0.02.Structural,magnetic and...This paper reports that a chemical method is employed to synthesize Co and Al co-doped ZnO, namely,Zn0.99-xCo0.01AlxO dilution semiconductors with the nominal composition of x=0, 0.005 and 0.02.Structural,magnetic and optical properties of the produced samples are studied.The results indicate that samples sintered in air under the temperatures of 500 ℃ show a single wurtzite ZnO structure and the ferromagnetism decreases with the increase of Al.Photoluminescence spectra of different Al-doped samples indicate that increasing Al concentration in Zn0.99-xCo0.01AlxO results in a decrease of Zni,which resembles the trend of the ferromagnetic property of the corresponding samples. Therefore,it is deduced that the ferromagnetism observed in the studied samples originates from the interstitial defect of zinc （Zni） in the lattice of Co-doped ZnO.展开更多
文摘主动配电网(Active Distribution Network)的产生对于加大可再生能源的消纳能力、提高用电互动化水平、实现配电网的灵活智能管理发挥着重要的作用,逐渐成为未来智能电网发展的重要方向。其中主动配电网能量管理系统(DMSs)作为主动配电网的最高决策中心,通过对各分布式电源的有效控制和调度,保障配电网的全局优化运行。为提高主动配电网运行的经济性和可靠性,通过对主动配电网能量优化调度技术进行分析,考虑到风力发电和光伏发电的不确定性,结合随机模拟技术和惩罚函数方法,基于机会约束规划建立了含有风力发电机、光伏发电单元以及储能装置的主动配电网能量调度随机数学模型。在满足各种约束条件的基础上,使用改进的粒子群算法求解该模型。并以某地区实际系统为算例,通过与标准粒子群算法进行比较,验证所提模型的正确性与有效性。
文摘This paper reports that a chemical method is employed to synthesize Co and Al co-doped ZnO, namely,Zn0.99-xCo0.01AlxO dilution semiconductors with the nominal composition of x=0, 0.005 and 0.02.Structural,magnetic and optical properties of the produced samples are studied.The results indicate that samples sintered in air under the temperatures of 500 ℃ show a single wurtzite ZnO structure and the ferromagnetism decreases with the increase of Al.Photoluminescence spectra of different Al-doped samples indicate that increasing Al concentration in Zn0.99-xCo0.01AlxO results in a decrease of Zni,which resembles the trend of the ferromagnetic property of the corresponding samples. Therefore,it is deduced that the ferromagnetism observed in the studied samples originates from the interstitial defect of zinc （Zni） in the lattice of Co-doped ZnO.
