The detection and analysis of circulating tumor cells （CTCs） from patients＇ blood is important to assess tumor status; however, it remains a challenge. In the present study, we developed a programmable DNA-responsi...The detection and analysis of circulating tumor cells （CTCs） from patients＇ blood is important to assess tumor status; however, it remains a challenge. In the present study, we developed a programmable DNA-responsive microchip for the highly efficient capture and nondestructive release of CTCs via nucleic acid hybridization. Transparent and patternable substrates with hierarchical architectures were integrated into the microchip with herringbone grooves, resulting in greatly enhanced cell-surface interaction via herringbone micromixers, more binding sites, and better matched topographical interactions. In combination with a high-affinity aptamer, target cancer cells were specifically and efficiently captured on the chip. Captured cancer cells were gently released from the chip under physiological conditions using toehold-mediated strand displacement, without any destructive factors for cells or substrates. More importantly, aptamercontaining DNA sequences on the surface of the retrieved cancer cells could be further amplified by polymerase chain reaction （PCR）, facilitating the detection of cell surface biomarkers and characterization of the CTCs. Furthermore, this system was extensively applied to the capture and release of CTCs from patients＇ blood samples, demonstrating a promising high-performance platform for CTC enrichment, release, and characterization.展开更多
Micro total analysis systems for chemical and biological analysis have attracted much attention. However, microchips for sample preparation and especially DNA purification are still underdeveloped. This work describes...Micro total analysis systems for chemical and biological analysis have attracted much attention. However, microchips for sample preparation and especially DNA purification are still underdeveloped. This work describes a solid phase extraction chip for purifying DNA from biological samples based on the adsorption of DNA on bare silica beads prepacked in a microchannel. The chip was fabricated with poly-dimethylsiloxane. The silica beads were packed in the channel on the chip with a tapered microchannel to form the packed bed. Fluorescence detection was used to evaluate the DNA adsorbing efficiency of the solid phase. The polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate the quality of the purified DNA for further use. The extraction efficiency for the DNA extraction chip is approximately 50% with a 150-nL extraction volume. Successful amplification of DNA extracted from human whole blood indicates that this method is compatible with the polymerase chain reaction.展开更多
目的运用基因芯片技术筛查与黑素瘤相关的DNA异常甲基化位点,初步构建黑素瘤特异性甲基化谱。方法采用Illumina Human Methylation 450K全基因组甲基化芯片对6例黑素瘤组织及其瘤旁组织标本进行全基因组DNA检测,得出差异DNA甲基化位点...目的运用基因芯片技术筛查与黑素瘤相关的DNA异常甲基化位点,初步构建黑素瘤特异性甲基化谱。方法采用Illumina Human Methylation 450K全基因组甲基化芯片对6例黑素瘤组织及其瘤旁组织标本进行全基因组DNA检测,得出差异DNA甲基化位点。采用Gene Ontology(GO)富集分析及KEGG_Pathway分析了解基因功能。结果基因芯片检测结果显示,黑素瘤组织与瘤旁组织存在差异甲基化位点,共27779个,其中16673个为高甲基化位点,11106个低甲基化位点。提高筛选条件为P<0.01、︳Δβ︳>0.2,过滤掉所有单核苷酸多态性相关探针、位于XY染色体上的探针以及交叉反应的探针,共筛选得到4883个差异甲基化位点,其中1459(30%)个位于启动子区(包括TSS1500、TSS200、5′UTR、1st Exon)。GO富集分析显示,差异甲基化基因参与的生物学过程主要包括细胞生长、分化、黏附、运动迁移、信号转导及转录调控等。KEGG_Pathway分析显示,差异甲基化基因主要参与黏着斑、癌症通路、转化生长因子β信号通路、磷脂酰肌醇信号通路、黑素生成、趋化因子信号通路、黏合连接、钙信号通路、细胞黏附分子、MAPK信号通路、Wnt信号通路、JAK-STAT信号通路。基于"启动子区高甲基化位点对应的前16个基因、出现甲基化频率最高(CpG位点≥7)的基因、具有一定的功能或参与某条信号通路"条件,选出8个基因(KAAG1、DGKE、SOCS2、TFAP2A、GNMT、GALNT3、ANK2、HOXA9)作为黑素瘤候选生物标志物。结论黑素瘤组织存在较多高甲基化基因,8个差异甲基化基因有可能作为黑素瘤的生物标志物。展开更多
文摘毛细管电泳和微芯片电泳是用于核酸分子分离的强有力工具,其筛分介质的选择尤为重要,是目前研究的热点之一。本文是按照均聚物和共聚物的分类,综述了线性聚丙烯酰胺、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚环氧乙烷、聚 N,N-二甲基聚丙烯酰胺、丙烯酰胺与聚 N,N-二甲基聚丙烯酰胺的共聚物等各种筛分体系的性质,包括其优点以及缺点,并对各自在 DNA 等生物大分子分离方面的应用进展进行了评述。简要介绍了筛分机理以及添加剂的加入对提高聚合物的分离能力和稳定性的影响。
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （NSFC） （Nos. 21432008, 91413109 and 21575110）. China Postdoctoral Innovative Talent Support Program of China （No. BX201700176）.
文摘The detection and analysis of circulating tumor cells （CTCs） from patients＇ blood is important to assess tumor status; however, it remains a challenge. In the present study, we developed a programmable DNA-responsive microchip for the highly efficient capture and nondestructive release of CTCs via nucleic acid hybridization. Transparent and patternable substrates with hierarchical architectures were integrated into the microchip with herringbone grooves, resulting in greatly enhanced cell-surface interaction via herringbone micromixers, more binding sites, and better matched topographical interactions. In combination with a high-affinity aptamer, target cancer cells were specifically and efficiently captured on the chip. Captured cancer cells were gently released from the chip under physiological conditions using toehold-mediated strand displacement, without any destructive factors for cells or substrates. More importantly, aptamercontaining DNA sequences on the surface of the retrieved cancer cells could be further amplified by polymerase chain reaction （PCR）, facilitating the detection of cell surface biomarkers and characterization of the CTCs. Furthermore, this system was extensively applied to the capture and release of CTCs from patients＇ blood samples, demonstrating a promising high-performance platform for CTC enrichment, release, and characterization.
基金the National Key Basic Research and Develop-ment (973) Program of China (No. G19990166) and the Na-tional High-Tech Research and Development (863) Program of China (No. 2002AAZZ2011)
文摘Micro total analysis systems for chemical and biological analysis have attracted much attention. However, microchips for sample preparation and especially DNA purification are still underdeveloped. This work describes a solid phase extraction chip for purifying DNA from biological samples based on the adsorption of DNA on bare silica beads prepacked in a microchannel. The chip was fabricated with poly-dimethylsiloxane. The silica beads were packed in the channel on the chip with a tapered microchannel to form the packed bed. Fluorescence detection was used to evaluate the DNA adsorbing efficiency of the solid phase. The polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate the quality of the purified DNA for further use. The extraction efficiency for the DNA extraction chip is approximately 50% with a 150-nL extraction volume. Successful amplification of DNA extracted from human whole blood indicates that this method is compatible with the polymerase chain reaction.
