新型超声快速处理活检标本保存不同年限对DNA质量的影响

背景:新型超声组织处理技术越来越多地被用来进行分子生物学分析,研究新型超声处理不同存储年限组织DNA的质量,对进一步分子检测的标本质控具有重要意义。目的:探讨新型超声处理活检标本存储不同年限对DNA质量的影响,以期为分子检测探索最佳的标本存储时间。方法:收集40例乳腺穿刺小活检组织,采用超声技术制作石蜡标本,按照存储年限分为4组:<1年组、1-3年组、>3-5年组及>5年组,每组10例,对石蜡标本进行切片,每张切片厚3μm,切片10-15张,提取DNA后通过Nanophotometer N60超微量分光光度计和Qubit 4.0荧光计检测DNA的质量浓度,记录A_(260)/A_(280)比值判定DNA的纯度,利用全自动毛细管电泳核酸分析仪(Qsep 100)检测DNA片段完整性,以评估DNA片段的质量。结果与结论:4组样本A_(260)/A_(280)均值在1.8-2.0之间,达到纯度要求,无明显差异。4组样本的DNA质量浓度(Qubit浓度)均值分别为30.39,14.33,2.52,1.95 ng/μL;DNA的平均N/Q比值分别为6.48,14.18,24.56,29.86;DNA质量数均值分别为5.64,1.76,1.24,0.80;大片段占比均值分别为56.08%,17.72%,12.68%,7.90%。PCR检测内控基因Ct均值分别为15.32,17.09,18.39,21.24。与<1年组相比,其余3组DNA浓度显著降低,N/Q比值显著增加,DNA质量数和大片段占比均值显著降低,Ct值升高,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。实验结果表明,对于新型超声处理活检标本,应优先选择存储<1年的样本进行日常分子检测,储存3年内的样本可满足二代测序等检测要求,5年内样本仅可尝试进行PCR等检测,存储超过5年的样本不建议进行后续分子检测。

The DNA damage repair complex MoMMS21-MoSMC5 is required for infection-related development and pathogenicity of Magnaporthe oryzae

The conserved DNA damage repair complex,MMS21-SMC5/6(Methyl methane sulfonate 21-Structural maintenance of chromosomes 5/6),has been extensively studied in yeast,animals,and plants.However,its role in phytopathogenic fungi,particularly in the highly destructive rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae,remains unknown.In this study,we functionally characterized the homologues of this complex,MoMMS21 and MoSMC5,in M.oryzae.We first demonstrated the importance of DNA damage repair in M.oryzae by showing that the DNA damage inducer phleomycin inhibited vegetative growth,infection-related development and pathogenicity in this fungus.Additionally,we discovered that MoMMS21 and MoSMC5 interacted in the nuclei,suggesting that they also function as a complex in M.oryzae.Gene deletion experiments revealed that both MoMMS21 and MoSMC5 are required for infection-related development and pathogenicity in M.oryzae,while only MoMMS21 deletion affected growth and sensitivity to phleomycin,indicating its specific involvement in DNA damage repair.Overall,our results provide insights into the roles of MoMMS21 and MoSMC5 in M.oryzae,highlighting their functions beyond DNA damage repair.

LncRNA HOTAIR promotes DNA damage repair and radioresistance by targeting ATR in colorectal cancer

Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)have been implicated in cancer progression and drug resistance development.Moreover,there is evidence that lncRNA HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA(HOTAIR)is involved in colorectal cancer(CRC)progression.The present study aimed to examine the functional role of lncRNA HOTAIR in conferring radiotherapy resistance in CRC cells,as well as the underlying mechanism.The relative expression levels of HOTAIR were examined in 70 pairs of CRC tumor and para-cancerous tissues,as well as in radiosensitive and radioresistant samples.The correlations between HOTAIR expression levels and clinical features of patients with CRC were assessed using the Chi-square test.Functional assays such as cell proliferation,colony formation and apoptosis assays were conducted to determine the radiosensitivity in CRC cells with HOTAIR silencing after treatment with different doses of radiation.RNA pull-down assay andfluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)were used to determine the interaction between HOTAIR and DNA damage response mediator ataxia-telangiectasia mutated-and Rad3-related(ATR).HOTAIR was significantly upregulated in CRC tumor tissues,especially in radioresistant tumor samples.The elevated expression of HOTAIR was correlated with more advanced histological grades,distance metastasis and the poor prognosis in patients with CRC.Silencing HOTAIR suppressed the proliferation and promoted apoptosis and radiosensitivity in CRC cells.HOTAIR knockdown also inhibited the tumorigenesis of CRC cells and enhanced the sensitivity to radiotherapy in a mouse xenograft model.Moreover,the data showed that HOTAIR could interact with ATR to regulate the DNA damage repair signaling pathway.Silencing HOTAIR impaired the ATR-ATR interacting protein(ATRIP)complex and signaling in cell cycle progression.Collectively,the present results indicate that lncRNA HOTAIR facilitates the DNA damage response pathway and promotes radioresistance in CRC cells by targeting ATR.

基于中医证候与精液质量相关参数构建精子DNA碎片预测模型与验证

背景:中医证候与精液质量相关参数相结合,共同预测精子DNA碎片指数(DNA fragmentation index,DFI)异常增高的发生并绘制列线图,能显著提高临床的实操性与应用效能,为临床全面评估精液质量,采取积极干预措施以改善临床结局及制定个体化医疗方案提供依据。目的:探讨基于中医证候与精液质量相关参数构建精子DNA碎片的预测模型与验证。方法:回顾性分析2019年7月至2021年7月在广西壮族自治区南溪山医院中医男科接受中医证候诊断及精子DNA碎片率检查的不育患者共420例,据《人类精液检查与处理实验室手册》(第6版),将其中137例精子DFI>30%患者纳入精子DFI异常增高组,将283例精子DFI≤30%作为对照组;首先采用单因素分析筛选精子DFI异常增高的影响因素,然后采用套索算法(LASSO)校正因子共线性问题并筛选出最佳匹配因子后,将其纳入多因素向前逐步Logistic回归找出其独立影响因素并绘制列线图,最后采用受试者工作曲线、校准曲线、临床决策曲线、临床影响曲线对该预测模型进行区分度与准确度及临床应用效能验证。结果与结论:①单因素分析结果显示,年龄、体质量指数、前向运动率、精子总活率、精子浓度、精子形态学、肾阳虚衰证、湿热下注证、肾精不足证为引发精子DFI异常增高的影响因子(P<0.05);②通过LASSO回归进一步筛选出的最佳匹配因素为年龄、体质量指数、精子总活率、精子浓度、精子形态学、肾阳虚衰证、湿热下注证、肾精不足证(P<0.05);③多因素向前逐步Logistic回归结果显示年龄、体质量指数、精子浓度、精子总活率、湿热下注证、肾阳虚衰证共6项为引发精子DFI异常增高的独立影响因素;④受试者工作曲线显示,模型组曲线下面积为0.760(0.713,0.806),验证组曲线下面积为0.745(0.714,0.776),说明该预测模型具有较好的区分度;⑤校准曲线平均绝对误差0.040,Hosmer-Lemeshow检验P>0.05,表明该模型预测发生精子DFI异常增高的概率与实际发生精子DFI异常增高的概率无显著统计学差异,证实该模型具有较好的准确度;⑥临床决策曲线与临床影响曲线显示,模型组与验证组分别在阈概率值为0.08-0.84与0.09-0.78时具有临床最大净获益,且在该阈概率范围内具有较好的临床应用效能;⑦结果表明,年龄、体质量指数、精子浓度、精子总活率、湿热下注证、肾阳虚衰证为引发精子DFI异常增高的独立影响因素,通过其构建的临床预测模型列线图具有较好的临床预测价值与临床应用效能,可为临床全面评估精液质量、预后与干预及个体化医疗服务提供依据。

In Vivo Improvements in Facial Appearance and in Vitro Changes in Gene Expression Using a Topical Formulation Designed to Repair Environmentally Induced DNA Damage

Background: While sunscreen has been accepted as a mainline defence against photodamage from ultraviolet, visible light and near-infrared radiation, there appears to be a lack of research into photorepair. The concept of protecting the skin during the day and repairing cellular damage at night is intuitive, yet specific strategies revolving around combinations of proven reparative active ingredients remain unelucidated. Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of a solar repair Formulation following ultraviolet and environmental exposure in order to improve overall skin health and appearance through three hypotheses: The Formulation increases expression of DNA repair mechanisms markers;The Formulation enhances overall skin appearance through reducing signs of inflammation, elevating hydration, reinforcing skin firmness and amplifying radiance;In-Vivo efficacy test results are aligned with measured gene expression changes. Methods: The Formulation (#6NIC1.V1.1-1) was tested for: In-vitro LDH cytotoxicity activity, In-vitro qPCR gene expression with and without ultraviolet exposure on a reconstructed 3-dimensional skin model, and In-Vivo efficacy study on a panel of 22 participants objectively and subjectively. Results: Skin radiance, firmness, hydration, redness, and inflammation are significantly improved after In-Vivo skin exposure to the Formulation and environmental challenges such as ultraviolet radiation. These outcomes were confirmed by in-vitro genetic testing on a reconstructed human skin model. Conclusion: The studies allowed us to identify and group results in four main skin functions that were significantly enhanced following the application of the Formulation: firmness, hydration, radiance and soothing.

FTA-环介导等温扩增技术直接提取变异链球菌DNA的效果评价

背景:变异链球菌是龋病的重要病原菌,及时检测变异链球菌水平对龋病的早发现、早治疗有重要意义。目的:建立并评价FTA-环介导等温扩增(loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP)技术直接提取变异链球菌DNA的应用效果。方法:①制备含有ATCC标准菌株变异链球菌的菌悬液,接种于脑心浸出液培养基,充分混匀后按10倍梯度稀释成7种浓度(4.2×10^(7),4.2×10^(6),4.2×10^(5),4.2×10^(4),4.2×10^(3),4.2×10^(2),4.2×10 CFU/mL),每个稀释级做2个平行对照,并增加无菌水作为空白对照;②分别采用FTA卡、常规煮沸法、试剂盒提取及裂解液提取4种方法直接提取菌株DNA,通过LAMP技术进行扩增,并进行特异性试验,比较4种提取方法的差异。结果与结论:①4种方法提取的DNA均满足LAMP扩增的要求;②特异性试验结果显示,只有变异链球菌才可特异扩增出靶基因;③裂解液提取法最低检测限为4.2×10^(3) CFU/mL,FTA卡提取法最低检测限为4.2×10^(4) CFU/mL,试剂盒提取法和常规煮沸法最低检测限分别为4.2×10^(6) CFU/mL和4.2×10^(7) CFU/mL;④4种提取方法其他方面的比较显示,试剂盒提取法的实验成本、步骤数和时间都是最高;其他3种方法步骤数一致,其中FTA卡所需仪器设备最少,常规煮沸法单次成本最低,裂解液提取法所需时间最少;FTA卡和裂解液提取法仅需少量菌即可提取成功,后者在时间方面优于FTA卡,但相较于FTA卡其单次成本高,所需设备多;⑤结果说明,该研究建立的FTA-LAMP技术具有操作简便、特异性强、灵敏度高、结果可视化等优势,有望为高效提取检测变异链球菌提供新途径。

基于活产建立体外受精-胚胎移植精子DNA碎片指数的参考阈值及子代短期安全性

背景:精子DNA碎片指数与受精、胚胎发育潜能、胚胎植入、流产及子代安全性等存在显著的相关性。然而,其临床参考值受多种因素的影响,导致临床意义极其有限,该研究以活产为结局,通过倾向评分匹配校正其他混杂因素后,构建精子DNA碎片指数与活产的最佳临床截断值,并对其进行内外部验证,具有较好的预测价值及临床应用效能。目的:探讨基于活产建立体外受精-胚胎移植精子DNA碎片指数的参考阈值及子代短期安全性。方法:选取2019年5月至2021年5月于常州市妇幼保健院接受体外受精-胚胎移植患者1921例,以倾向匹配容差0.02为标准,1∶1进行倾向评分匹配,结果活产组与非活产组各成功匹配540例,以此建立模型组;通过选取同时期广西壮族自治区南溪山医院接受体外受精-胚胎移植患者135例作为外部验证组;采用受试者工作曲线探求精子DNA碎片指数对活产的临床最佳截断值,分别采用限制性立方样条曲线、标准曲线、临床决策曲线、临床影响曲线及内外部验证等方法,对该截断值的准确性及临床应用效能进行评估。结果与结论:(1)非活产组精子DNA碎片指数显著高于活产组且与活产存在显著的负相关性(r=-0.444,P<0.001);(2)受试者工作曲线结果显示,DNA碎片指数对活产的最佳截断值为24.33%,曲线下面积为0.775(0.746,0.804),特异度为72.60%,敏感度为78.90%,准确度为75.70%;(3)限制性立方样条曲线拟合Logistic回归结果显示,当精子DNA碎片指数大于24.57%时,临床非活产的风险呈趋势性增涨;(4)Logistic回归概率分析结果显示,精子DNA碎片指数为活产的危险因素[OR(95%CI)=0.916(0.904,0.928),P<0.001],且当精子DNA碎片指数大于27.78%时,临床活产发生的概率将小于50%,随着精子DNA碎片指数每增高1个单位,活产的概率下降8.4%;(5)内外部对该临床截断值的验证均显示,该截点具有一定的临床预测价值及准确性;(6)临床决策曲线与临床影响曲线显示,以该临床截断值建立的预测模型在阈概率为0.22-0.73时具有临床最大净获益值,且在该阈概率范围内损失与获益的比值始终小于1,证实该预测模型具有较好的临床应用效能;(7)精子DNA碎片指数与子代短期安全性分析结果显示,精子DNA碎片指数与出生儿早产、体质量、畸形、性别差异无显著性;(8)结果表明,精子DNA碎片指数对体外受精-胚胎移植活产的最佳临床截断值为24.33%,以此建立的临床预测模型具有较好的区分度、准确度与临床应用效能,精子DNA碎片指数对子代短期安全性影响并不显著,但仍需大样本及长期的追踪评估。

基于SM2和DNA的图像加密算法

近年来,随着互联网的全面普及,公民对信息安全和隐私保护提出了新的更高的要求,为了保护公民的数据安全,并且满足“打赢新时代网络战争”的要求,对图像加密算法的研究与实现进行深入的研究,提出了一种基于国密SM2数字信封和脱氧核糖核酸(Deoxyribonucleic acid,DNA)编码的图像加密技术,将图像编码技术、公钥技术、口令保护技术相结合.在该算法中,通过使用Python重点实现了密钥空间的复杂性、图像的鲁棒性、随机性、低相关性,同时对图像的直方图进行了分析,研究结果表明,在实现公钥加密算法国产化替代的同时,增强了加密的安全性.

Anti-inflammatory and DNA Repair Effects of Astragaloside IV on PC12 Cells Damaged by Lipopolysaccharide

Objective This study aimed to establish a neural cell injury model in vitro by stimulating PC12 cells with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and to examine the effects of astragaloside IV on key targets using high-throughput sequence technology and bioinformatics analyses.Methods PC12 cells in the logarithmic growth phase were treated with LPS at final concentrations of 0.25,0.5,0.75,1,and 1.25 mg/mL for 24 h.Cell morphology was evaluated,and cell survival rates were calculated.A neurocyte inflammatory model was established with LPS treatment,which reached a 50%cell survival rate.PC12 cells were treated with 0.01,0.1,1,10,or 100µmol/L astragaloside IV for 24 h.The concentration of astragaloside IV that did not affect the cell survival rate was selected as the treatment group for subsequent experiments.NOS activity was detected by colorimetry;the expression levels of ERCC2,XRCC4,XRCC2,TNF-α,IL-1β,TLR4,NOS and COX-2 mRNA and protein were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blotting.The differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between the groups were screened using a second-generation sequence(fold change>2,P<0.05)with the following KEGG enrichment analysis,RT-qPCR and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of DEGs related to the IL-17 pathway in different groups of PC12 cells.Results The viability of PC12 cells was not altered by treatment with 0.01,0.1,or 1µmol/L astragaloside IV for 24 h(P>0.05).However,after treatment with 0.5,0.75,1,or 1.25 mg/mL LPS for 24 h,the viability steadily decreased(P<0.01).The mRNA and protein expression levels of ERCC2,XRCC4,XRCC2,TNF-α,IL-1β,TLR4,NOS,and COX-2 were significantly increased after PC12 cells were treated with 1 mg/mL LPS for 24 h(P<0.01);however,these changes were reversed when PC12 cells were pretreated with 0.01,0.1,or 1µmol/L astragaloside IV in PC12 cells and then treated with 1 mg/mL LPS for 24 h(P<0.05).Second-generation sequencing revealed that 1026 genes were upregulated,while 1287 genes were downregulated.The DEGs were associated with autophagy,TNF-α,interleukin-17,MAPK,P53,Toll-like receptor,and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways.Furthermore,PC12 cells treated with a 1 mg/mL LPS for 24 h exhibited increased mRNA and protein expression of CCL2,CCL11,CCL7,MMP3,and MMP10,which are associated with the IL-17 pathway.RT-qPCR and Western blotting analyses confirmed that the DEGs listed above corresponded to the sequence assay results.Conclusion LPS can damage PC12 cells and cause inflammatory reactions in nerve cells and DNA damage.astragaloside IV plays an anti-inflammatory and DNA damage protective role and inhibits the IL-17 signaling pathway to exert a neuroprotective effect in vitro.

Impact of time between meniscal injury and isolated meniscus repair on post-operative outcomes:A systematic review

BACKGROUND Meniscal tears are one of the most common knee injuries.After the diagnosis of a meniscal tear has been made,there are several factors physicians use to guide clinical decision-making.The influence of time between injury and isolated meniscus repair on patient outcomes is not well described.Assessing this relationship is important as it may influence clinical decision-making and can add to the preoperative patient education process.We hypothesized that increasing the time from injury to meniscus surgery would worsen postoperative outcomes.AIM To investigate the current literature for data on the relationship between time between meniscus injury and repair on patient outcomes.METHODS PubMed,Academic Search Complete,MEDLINE,CINAHL,and SPORTDiscus were searched for studies published between January 1,1995 and July 13,2023 on isolated meniscus repair.Exclusion criteria included concomitant ligament surgery,incomplete outcomes or time to surgery data,and meniscectomies.Patient demographics,time to injury,and postoperative outcomes from each study were abstracted and analyzed.RESULTS Five studies met all inclusion and exclusion criteria.There were 204(121 male,83 female)patients included.Three of five(60%)studies determined that time between injury and surgery was not statistically significant for postoperative Lysholm scores(P=0.62),Tegner scores(P=0.46),failure rate(P=0.45,P=0.86),and International Knee Documentation Committee scores(P=0.65).Two of five(40%)studies found a statistically significant increase in Lysholm scores with shorter time to surgery(P=0.03)and a statistically significant association between progression of medial meniscus extrusion ratio(P=0.01)and increasing time to surgery.CONCLUSION Our results do not support the hypothesis that increased time from injury to isolated meniscus surgery worsens postoperative outcomes.Decision-making primarily based on injury interval is thus not recommended.

Polyethylene glycol fusion repair of severed sciatic nerves accelerates recovery of nociceptive sensory perceptions in male and female rats of different strains

Successful polyethylene glycol fusion(PEG-fusion)of severed axons following peripheral nerve injuries for PEG-fused axons has been reported to:(1)rapidly restore electrophysiological continuity;(2)prevent distal Wallerian Degeneration and maintain their myelin sheaths;(3)promote primarily motor,voluntary behavioral recoveries as assessed by the Sciatic Functional Index;and,(4)rapidly produce correct and incorrect connections in many possible combinations that produce rapid and extensive recovery of functional peripheral nervous system/central nervous system connections and reflex(e.g.,toe twitch)or voluntary behaviors.The preceding companion paper describes sensory terminal field reo rganization following PEG-fusion repair of sciatic nerve transections or ablations;howeve r,sensory behavioral recovery has not been explicitly explored following PEG-fusion repair.In the current study,we confirmed the success of PEG-fusion surgeries according to criteria(1-3)above and more extensively investigated whether PEG-fusion enhanced mechanical nociceptive recovery following sciatic transection in male and female outbred Sprague-Dawley and inbred Lewis rats.Mechanical nociceptive responses were assessed by measuring withdrawal thresholds using von Frey filaments on the dorsal and midplantar regions of the hindpaws.Dorsal von Frey filament tests were a more reliable method than plantar von Frey filament tests to assess mechanical nociceptive sensitivity following sciatic nerve transections.Baseline withdrawal thresholds of the sciatic-mediated lateral dorsal region differed significantly across strain but not sex.Withdrawal thresholds did not change significantly from baseline in chronic Unoperated and Sham-operated rats.Following sciatic transection,all rats exhibited severe hyposensitivity to stimuli at the lateral dorsal region of the hindpaw ipsilateral to the injury.However,PEG-fused rats exhibited significantly earlier return to baseline withdrawal thresholds than Negative Control rats.Furthermore,PEG-fused rats with significantly improved Sciatic Functional Index scores at or after 4 weeks postoperatively exhibited yet-earlier von Frey filament recove ry compared with those without Sciatic Functional Index recovery,suggesting a correlation between successful PEG-fusion and both motor-dominant and sensory-dominant behavioral recoveries.This correlation was independent of the sex or strain of the rat.Furthermore,our data showed that the acceleration of von Frey filament sensory recovery to baseline was solely due to the PEG-fused sciatic nerve and not saphenous nerve collateral outgrowths.No chronic hypersensitivity developed in any rat up to 12 weeks.All these data suggest that PEG-fusion repair of transection peripheral nerve injuries co uld have important clinical benefits.

Peripheral mitochondrial DNA as a neuroinflammatory biomarker for major depressive disorder

In the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder, chronic stress-related neuroinflammation hinders favorable prognosis and antidepressant response. Mitochondrial DNA may be an inflammatory trigger, after its release from stress-induced dysfunctional central nervous system mitochondria into peripheral circulation. This evidence supports the potential use of peripheral mitochondrial DNA as a neuroinflammatory biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder. Herein, we critically review the neuroinflammation theory in major depressive disorder, providing compelling evidence that mitochondrial DNA release acts as a critical biological substrate, and that it constitutes the neuroinflammatory disease pathway. After its release, mitochondrial DNA can be carried in the exosomes and transported to extracellular spaces in the central nervous system and peripheral circulation. Detectable exosomes render encaged mitochondrial DNA relatively stable. This mitochondrial DNA in peripheral circulation can thus be directly detected in clinical practice. These characteristics illustrate the potential for mitochondrial DNA to serve as an innovative clinical biomarker and molecular treatment target for major depressive disorder. This review also highlights the future potential value of clinical applications combining mitochondrial DNA with a panel of other biomarkers, to improve diagnostic precision in major depressive disorder.

DNA Damage and Repair of Two Ecotypes of Phragmites communis Subjected to Water Stress

In order to thoroughly understand the mechanism Of drought resistance in plants at DNA level, the DNA damage of two ecotypes of reeds (Phragmites communis T.) stressed by PEG 6000 was analyzed by means of fluorescence analysis of DNA unwinding (FADU). The results showed that the residual double strand DNA percentages (dsDNA%) in dune reed (DR) were significantly higher than those in swamp reed (SR) treated with either 20% or 30% PEG 6000. This meant that the DNA of DR was less damaged in comparison with SR. Similarly, DR resisted DNA damage more strongly than SR as reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased by adding ROS producers diethyldithio carbamate (DDC), H2O2 and Fe2+ of different concentrations. Meanwhile, treating PEG stressed SR with ROS scavengers such as dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) and ascorbic acid (Vc) resulted in the reduction of DNA damage, suggesting that ROS could cause DNA damage. In addition, the DNA repair for water-stressed reeds indicated that DR repaired DNA damage much faster and more completely. This might be the first indication that drought stress led to DNA damage in plants and that drought resistance of plants was closely related to DNA damage and repair.

基于环境DNA技术的珠江中下游鱼类多样性初步研究

通过环境DNA技术(Environmental DNA,eDNA)检测珠江中下游鱼类生物多样性,探索珠江中下鱼类多样性监测和保护的新途径。2023年2月在珠江中下游设置了桂平、藤县、封开、德庆、肇庆和九江共6个采样点,通过水样采集及过滤、eDNA提取、遗传标记扩增及测序和数据库比对分析等流程检测鱼类多样性。结果表明,6个采样点共检测出30种鱼类,隶属于4目10科27属,其中土著鱼类26种,外来种4种。较已有传统调查数据新检出2种鱼类:美丽沙鳅(Botia pulchra)和齐氏罗非鱼(Oceochromis zillii)。鱼类优势种为子陵吻鰕虎鱼(Rhinogobius giurinus)、瓦氏黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus vachellii)、鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)、尼罗罗非鱼(O.nilotica)、齐氏罗非鱼、南方波鱼(Rasbora steineri)和鲤(Cyprinus carpio)。根据Shannon指数和Simpson指数显示,eDNA检测九江和桂平站点的鱼类多样性最高,藤县的最低。作为一种新的检测方法,eDNA技术可用于快速检测珠江中下游鱼类的多样性及分布,在实际应用中可将eDNA技术与传统的监测方法相结合,以提供更全面的鱼类生物多样性数据信息。

温和灸足三里穴对自然衰老大鼠肾组织p16 DNA甲基化的影响

目的 观察温和灸足三里穴对自然衰老大鼠肾组织p16 DNA甲基化的调控作用及潜在机制。方法 将Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠随机分为12月龄组、24月龄组和艾灸组。24月龄组和艾灸组制备自然衰老模型。12月龄组和24月龄组大鼠不予治疗,待相应时间取材;艾灸组采用温和灸足三里穴至24月龄取材。采用免疫荧光法观察3组大鼠肾组织衰老相关标志物β-半乳糖苷酶的表达。采用酶联免疫吸附法和免疫组织化学法检测3组大鼠肾组织衰老相关p16蛋白及甲基转移酶[甲基转移酶3a(DNA methyltransferase 3a,Dnmt3a)和甲基转移酶3b(DNA methyltransferase 3b,Dnmt3b)]蛋白的表达。采用定量反转录聚合酶连锁反应(quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction,qRT-PCR)法检测3组大鼠肾组织端粒长度、肾组织衰老相关p16 mRNA及甲基转移酶(Dnmt3a和Dnmt3b) mRNA表达。采用重亚硫酸盐测序技术检测3组大鼠肾组织p16 DNA CpG岛甲基化程度。结果 与12月龄组比较,24月龄组大鼠肾组织β-半乳糖苷酶表达、端粒长度的损耗及衰老相关p16蛋白和mRNA表达水平升高(P<0.05),24月龄组大鼠肾组织Dnmt3a和Dnmt3b蛋白及mRNA表达水平降低(P<0.05)。与24月龄组比较,艾灸组大鼠肾组织β-半乳糖苷酶表达、端粒长度的损耗及肾组织衰老相关p16蛋白和mRNA表达显著降低(P<0.05),艾灸组大鼠肾组织Dnmt3a和Dnmt3b蛋白及mRNA表达显著升高(P<0.05)。结论温和灸可通过影响自然衰老大鼠肾组织衰老相关甲基转移酶的表达调控p16 DNA CpG岛整体甲基化水平,降低肾组织p16蛋白及mRNA在衰老机体肾组织的表达,延缓肾组织衰老进程。

血清CYFRA21-1、CA125联合HPV DNA检测在宫颈癌早期筛查中的价值及病理特征研究

目的分析血清细胞角蛋白19片段(CYFRA21-1)、糖类抗原125(CA125)联合HPV DNA检测在宫颈癌早期筛查中的价值及病理特征。方法选取2019年8月至2023年6月沧州市中心医院收治的宫颈癌患者152例为观察组,另选取同期在本院行体检且各项正常女性80名为对照组;对比两组血清CYFRA21-1、CA125水平以及HPV DNA检测结果;对比观察组不同手术病理结果及血清CYFRA21-1、CA125表达水平以及HPV DNA检测结果;以病理学检查为金标准,分析血清CYFRA21-1、CA125水平以及HPV DNA检测单独以及联合诊断宫颈癌的一致性;绘制ROC曲线,分析血清CYFRA21-1、CA125联合HPV DNA单独检测及联合检测宫颈癌的效能。结果152例患者中,鳞状细胞癌104例,腺癌患者48例;其中轻度不典型增生66例、中度不典型增生57例、重度不典型增生29例。观察组血清CYFRA21-1、CA125水平以及HPV DNA阳性率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);血清CYFRA21-1、CA125水平:鳞状细胞癌<腺癌,轻度不典型增生<中度不典型增生<重度不典型增生,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不同分期、不同肿瘤增生类型的HPV DNA阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);血清CYFRA21-1、CA125水平、HPV DNA检测单独以及联合诊断宫颈癌与病理学检查结果的一致性Kappa值分别为0.677、0.731、0.756、0.902;CA125+CYFRA21-1+HPV DNA联合检测的AUC为0.894,高于CA125、CYFRA21-1、HPV DNA单独检测(P>0.05)。结论血清CYFRA21-1、CA125联合HPV DNA检测的诊断效能高于单一检测,提示三指标联合检测可显著提高宫颈癌早期筛查的诊断价值,可为制定临床治疗方案提供参考资料。

HBsAg ELISA+/HBV DNA NAT-献血者血清学与分子生物学特征分析

目的 了解西安地区无偿献血人群HBsAg ELISA检测结果与HBV DNA检测结果不一致的标本相关血清学标志物的分布情况。方法 收集2022年11月1日—2023年4月30日陕西省血液中心HBsAg ELISA+/HBV DNA NAT-(ELISA+/NAT-)标本共计71份,对其采用电化学发光法检测乙肝血清学标志物,同时复检巢式PCR扩增HBV S区和C区基因片段。结果 双ELISA+/NAT-标本(n=30)巢式PCR检测阳性率远高于单ELISA+/NAT-标本(n=41)(60%vs 24.40%,P<0.05)。前者献血者100%为初次献血者,血清抗-HBc阳性率100%,血清学模式以1、4、5此3项阳性(80%)为主;后者献血者中31.7%为重复献血者,血清抗-HBc阳性率仅为19.51%,血清学模式以单2项阳性(43.90%)和全阴(36.58%)为主。结论 单ELISA+结果存在较多假阳性,导致不必要的血液报废;而NAT-标本可能存在低水平的HBV DNA,产生漏检风险。建议针对单HBsAg ELISA+/NAT-献血者,采用多套系统多种方法追溯检测,提高献血者HBV筛查的准确度,减少不必要的血液浪费。

血清中DNA聚合酶α在阿尔茨海默病中的表达和诊断价值分析

目的探究血清中DNA聚合酶α(DNA polα)在阿尔茨海默病(AD)中的表达水平,分析其在AD中的诊断价值。方法选取2019年3月至2023年4月在首都医科大学宣武医院就诊的AD痴呆(DAT)期患者100例作为DAT组,轻度认知障碍(MCI)期患者43例作为MCI组;同期,选取68例同年龄组别的健康者作为HC组。检测各组血清样本中DNA polα的表达水平,利用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析DNA polα在AD中的诊断价值。结果DAT组血清DNA polα表达水平高于MCI组(P<0.05)和HC组(P<0.001),随着AD病程发展,DNA polα表达水平有递增趋势。DNA polα表达水平与简易智能精神状态检查量表(MMSE)和蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分均呈负相关(r=-0.1553、-0.2037,P<0.05)。DNA polα诊断DAT期的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.682,灵敏度为0.900,特异度为0.412;DNA polα诊断MCI期的AUC为0.546,灵敏度为0.977,特异度为0.250;DNA polα鉴别诊断MCI期和DAT期的AUC为0.664,灵敏度为0.780,特异度为0.535。结论DNA polα在DAT期AD患者中表达水平升高,且其表达水平与AD病程发展存在一定联系,推测DNA polα有可能是诊断AD潜在的血液生物标志物。

中年男性精子DNA碎片率对体外受精-胚胎移植妊娠结局的影响

目的探讨中年男性精子DNA碎片率(DFI)与精液质量和体外受精-胚胎移植妊娠结局的关系。方法共收集180例接受常规体外受精-胚胎移植治疗且男性年龄>38岁的精液标本。根据DFI的阈值分成(<30%和≥30%)两组。主要测量指标包括:常规精液参数、激素水平、DFI、受精率、优质胚胎率、临床妊娠率等。结果通过比较分析发现,DFI与男性卵泡刺激素(FSH)、精子活力、精子形态密切相关,且精子活力随着DFI水平的升高而下降(P<0.05);当DFI≥30%时,优质胚胎率下降(P<0.05),但两组的临床妊娠率差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论DFI可以作为中年男性精液常规分析的重要参考指标,虽然DFI影响优质胚胎率,但与辅助生殖治疗的临床妊娠结局无关。

完带汤防治脾虚湿盛型外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的临床疗效及对DNA损伤的影响

目的探讨完带汤治疗脾虚湿盛型外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病(Vulvovaginal candidiasis,VVC)的临床疗效及对DNA损伤的影响。方法将符合纳入标准的70例脾虚湿盛VVC患者随机分为完带汤组和氟康唑组各35例,治疗期间2组各脱落5例。氟康唑组采用150 mg氟康唑口服一次;完带汤组采用完带汤口服14 d。治疗后比较2组患者中医证候积分变化情况;评估2组患者临床治愈(Test of cure,TOC)率及临床缓解(Clinical improvement,CI)率;比色法检测阴道灌洗液中8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine,8-OHDG)水平变化以评估DNA损伤情况;治疗后3月评估患者访视临床完全缓解(Follow up,FU)、真菌学转阴及复发率。结果治疗后,2组患者中医证候积分均呈现不同程度改善(P<0.05,P<0.01);完带汤组优于氟康唑组(P<0.05,P<0.01);完带汤组TOC、CI、真菌学转阴率与氟康唑组未见明显差异(P>0.05);但完带汤组FU及复发率均显著优于氟康唑组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。治疗后,氟康唑组阴道灌洗液中8-OHDG表达显著增加(P<0.001),完带汤组未见明显变化,显著低于氟康唑组(P<0.001)。结论完带汤总体临床疗效与氟康唑相当,但在改善中医证候、防止复发方面优于氟康唑,同时具有不加剧阴道细胞DNA损伤的优势。