Constituents from Aerial Parts of Bidens ceruna L. and Their DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity

A new chalcone glycoside, butein-4-methoxyl-4′-O-（6＂-O-acetyl）-β-D-glucopyranoside（2）, along with seven known compounds, namely, quercitrin（1）, luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（3）, butein-4＇-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（4）, butein-4-methoxyl-4＇-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（5）, butin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（6）, isoquercitrin（7）, and sulfurein（8） was isolated from aerial parts of Bidens ceruna L. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic studies. Compounds 1-8 were tested for their DPPH radical scavenging activity and, except compounds 2 and 5, other compounds showed scavenging activitv.

STUDIES ON FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY IN CHINESE SEAWEEDS PART I. SCREENING RESULTS

Antioxidants have attracted the attention of researchers due to their beneficial effects as free radical scavengers. Application of a stable free radical named 1,1 diphenyl 2 picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) to screen the free radical scavenging activity in 27 species of Chinese seaweed showed that 15 of them had significant activity in at least one of the organic solvent extracts. The most interesting seaweed species were Gelidium amansii, Gloiosiphonia capillaris, Polysiphonia urceolata, Sargassum kjellmanianum, Desmarestia viridis, and Rhodomela teres.

Antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging activities of Streptomyces sp.strain MJM 10778

Objective:To investigate the antioxidant activity of soil-borne aetinobacteria.Methods:The total phenolic contents,the level of antioxidant potential by DPPH radical scavenging activity,MO scavenging activity,and ABTS radical scavenging activity in ethyl acelale extract were determined.Results:The 16 S rDNA sequencing analysis revealed that Streptomyces sp.strain MJM 10778.which was isolated from Hambak Mountain.Korea,has 99.9% similarity to Streptomyces misionensis(S.misionenis) NBRC 13063.The physiological and the morphological test revealed that the strain MJM 10778 has different characteristics from the strain NBRC.13063.The entire antioxidant assay with the ethyl acelale extract displayed good radical scavenging activity.The IC_(50) values of the strain MJM 10778 extract on DPPH,.NO.and ABTS radicals were identified to he 92.8 μg/mL,0.02 μg/ml,and 134.9 μg/mL,respectively.The ethyl acetate extract of the strain MJM 10778 showed an 81.500% of cell viability at 100 μg/mL in Raw264.7cell viability assay.Conclusions:The results obtained suggesl that the ethyl acetate extract of Streptomyces sp.strain MJM 10778 could be considered as a potential source of drug for the diseases that is caused by free radicals with its anti-oxidant activities and low cytotoxicity.

Radical Scavenging Ability of Soymilk Fermented with Compound Lactic Acid Bacteria towards DPPH Free Radical

The DPPH scavenging ability of soymilk fermented with lactic acid bacteria under different fermentation conditions were investigated in this paper. According to the result, the optimal combination of starter species was S. thermophilus, L. plantarum and L. helveticus at a ratio of 2∶1.5∶1.5. The optimal fermentation parameters were temperature of 37 ℃, solids content of 12% and fermentation time of 6 h.Under above conditions, the fermented soymilk showed the highest ability to scavenge DPPH free radicals（84.3%）. Besides, the radical scavenging ability of fermented soymilk was compared with that of Baiyu lactone soymilk and bean curd which were coagulated by chemical method. The result indicated that the scavenging rate of lactone bean curd of Baiyu lactone soymilk and bean curd was only32.1% and 23.2%. According to the comparison, the free radical scavenging ability of soymilk was significantly improved by lactic acid fermentation. This product which had no beany flavor would be beneficial to human health.

Antioxidant Activity of Pigment Extracted from Green-Wheat-Bran

The anthocyanin pigment extracted from green-wheat-bran was studied to identify its antioxidant activity.The antioxidant activities of the pigment were evaluated by anti-lipid peroxidation,total antioxidant activity （TAA）,superoxide anion radical scavenging activity （SARSA）,active oxygen scavenging activity （AOSA）,and DPPH （1,1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl free radical） radical scavenging activity.The results showed that the pigment had higher antioxidant activity and TAA,SARSA,AOSA and DPPH.scavenging activities at a certain concentration than Vc （antiscorbutic vitamin,vitamin C）,and the capacity increased with the increase of pigment concentration.Its TAA was 51.06 U mL-1,1.73 times of Vc,and SARSA 18 025.21 U mL-1,2.26% higher than Vc,and AOSA 3 776.31 U mL-1,1.24 times of Vc.As to the DPPH.scavenging activity of the pigment,there was a trend that higher concentration performed higher activity significantly improved with the company of Vc.The pigment showed significant antioxidant activities evaluated by different assays.Results will provide a better understanding on antioxidant activity of green wheat and allow the screening or breeding of green wheat varieties with higher antioxidant activity for food processing.

Phytochemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of aqueous extract of Aerva lanata(L.) Juss.ex Schult.Stem(Amaranthaceae)

Objective:To analyze the phytochemical composition and in vitro antioxidant properties of aqueous extract of Aerva Lanata（A.lanata） stem.Methods:During the preliminary phytochemical analysis,the aqueous extract of A.Ianata was screened for the presence of carbohydrates,proteins,phenolic compounds,oil and fats,saponins,flavonoids,alkaloids. tannins and phytosterols.Antioxidant activity of the extract was determined by 2.2-dipbenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity,metal chelating activity,reducing power activity and DNA damage inhibition activity.Analysis of phenolic compounds was performed by FolinCiocaiteau reagent method and gradient high performance liquid chromatography technique. Results:Preliminary phytochemical analysis exhibited the presence of phenolic compounds, saponins.flavonoids.tannins and phytosterols as major phytochemical groups.The extract exhibited high 2.2—diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity(IC50= 110.74μg/ mL).metal chelating activity(IC50= 758.17μg/mL).reducing power activity and DIA damage inhibition efficiency.The extract was reported to possess a high amount of total phenolic content and some of them were identified as gallic acid（3,4,3-OH）,apigenin-7—O-glucoside tapigetrin), quercetin-3—O-rutinoside（rutin） and myricetin（3,5,7,3,4,5-OH）by high performance liquid chromatography analysis.The extract was found non toxic towards human erythrocytes in the hemolytic assay(IC50= 24.89 mg/mL).Conclusions:These results conclud that A.lanata stem possesses high antioxidant activity and can he used for the development of natural and sale antioxidant compounds.

Syntheses and Crystal Structures of [Na(H_2O)_(1/2)]X and NH_2(CH_2CH_3)_2X and Antioxidant Activity of the Former

In order to enhance the water-solubility and biological utilization rate of chrysin, sodium 5,7-dihydroxylflavone-8-sulfonate （1, [Na（H2O）1/2]X, X = C15H9OSO3, 5,7-dihydroxylfla- vone-8-sulfonate） was synthesized and its structure was identified on the basis of NMR, FT-IR and elemental analysis. The assembly of 5,7-dihydroxylflavone-8-sulfonate with diethylamide cation afforded diethylamide 5,7-dihydroxylflavone-8-sulfonate （2, NH2（CH2CH3）2X） which was characterized by FT-IR and elemental analysis. The crystal structures of 1 and 2 were determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis. The crystal of 1 is of triclinic system, space group P1, with a = 8.5628（13）, b = 12.8916（19）, c = 13.562（2） A, α = 82.494（1）, β = 78.601（2）, γ = 84.033（2）°, C30H20Na2O15S2, Z = 2, Mr = 730.59, V = 1450.3（4） A3, Dc = 1.673 g/cm3, F（000） = 748, p = 0.295 mm^-1, the final R = 0.0641 and wR = 0.1458. The crystal of 2 crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group Pi, with a = 7.689（2）, b = 11.184（3）, c = 11.734（3） A, α = 74.268（3）, βl = 81.751（4）, γ= 87.991（3）°, C19H21NO7S, Z = 2, Mr= 407.43, V= 961.2（4） A3, Dc = 1.408 g/cm3, F（000） = 428, p = 0.210 mm^-1, the final R = 0.0484 and wR = 0.1195. In 1, the three-dimensional structure is organized into organic and inorganic regions; the flavone skeletons are stacked into organic regions by π...π staeking interactions; inorganic regions are generated by Na-O coordination bonds among sulfonate groups, coordinated water molecules and NaI. The sulfonate groups play an important role as a bridge of inorganic and organic regions. One-dimensional chain structure of 2 is extended by N-H…O hydrogen bonds and π...π stacking interactions. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of 1 was evaluated. The scavenging activity of 1 to DPPH free radical is better than that of the parent compound chrysin.

Study on the Antioxidant Activity of Grape Stems (<i>Vitis vinifera</i>). A Preliminary Assessment of Crude Extracts

The antioxidant activity of 80% ethanol and 70% acetone extracts of stems from red and white grapes (Vitis vinifera) used in wine industry were evaluated to determine their feasibility as natural antioxidants. The results showed that all grape stem extracts were rich in total polyphenolic compounds and flavanols and had clear antioxidant activities. The free radical-scavenging capacity of the extracts was determined using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. The extracts obtained from red grape stem present EC50 values of 0.14 g dm/g DPPH (acetone extract) and 0.20 g dm/g DPPH (ethanol extract) while the extracts obtained from white grape stem present EC50 values of 0.26 g dm/g DPPH (acetone extract) and 0.37 g dm/g DPPH (ethanol extract). There are significant correlations between the total content of polyphenols and the antioxidant activity (R2 = 0.9352) and between the flavanols content and the antioxidant activity (R2 = 0.9404) of the grape stem extracts obtained.

Crystal Structure, Synthesis and Biological Activity of Ether and Ester <i>Trans</i>-Ferulic Acid Derivatives

The structures of methoxymethyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acrylate, 2;(E)-3-(3-methoxy-4-(methoxymethoxy)phenyl)acrylic acid, 3;methyl (E)- 3-(4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)acrylate, 4;benzyl (E)-3-(4-(benzyloxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl)acrylate, 6;and (E)-3-(4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)- acrylic acid, 7;were established by spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction studies. Structure 2 is a new com-pound. Compounds with free phenolic hydroxyls v.gr. methyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acrylate 1, 2 and ben-zyl(E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acrylate 5, showed scavenging free- radical and antioxidant activity while moderate scavenging free-radical was observed in compound 3. Moderate inhibition of lipid peroxidation was observed for 7. Compound 5 exerted significant inhibition of cell growth in PC-3, K562 tumor cell lines and 4 exhibited the largest cytotoxic effect upon the K562 cell line.

含喹啉杂环席夫碱的合成及清除DPPH自由基活性研究

以水杨醛及衍生物(水杨醛、5-甲基水杨醛、5-甲氧基水杨醛)和2-肼基喹啉为原料,合成了3种含喹啉杂环的腙类希夫碱(L1=水杨醛缩-2-肼基喹啉、L2=5-甲基水杨醛-缩-2-肼基喹啉、L3=5-甲氧基水杨醛-缩-2-肼基喹啉),并用红外、紫外可见-吸收光谱、质谱和核磁共振谱等手段表征其结构,采用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基法测试了它们的抗氧化活性,并考察了溶剂、温度、光照对清除DPPH自由基活性的影响。结果表明:以乙醇为溶剂,3种含喹啉杂环的希夫碱对DPPH自由基均具有较好的清除能力,温度、光照对其清除效果影响都较小。

毛蜂窝菌菌油化学成分分析与DPPH自由基清除活性

目的分析毛蜂窝菌菌油的化学成分并评价其1,1-二苯基-2-苦肼基(DPPH)自由基清除活性。方法以乙醚为提取剂,采用连续回流渗漉法提取毛蜂窝菌菌油,通过硅胶柱层析对菌油进行精制。毛蜂窝菌菌油化学成分经过气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术分析,采用面积归一法测定菌油中各组分的相对含量,再用分光光度法评价其DPPH自由基清除活性。结果经GC-MS分析,毛蜂窝菌菌油中一共分离出了223个峰,鉴定出了44种化合物,占菌油的45.067%。相对含量最高的为(E,E)-亚油酸甲酯(5.362%),其次是甘油三亚油酸酯(4.147%),亚油酸甲酯(4.098%),相对含量均超过了4%。菌油DPPH自由基消除活性实验结果显示,一半DPPH自由基被清除时,菌油样品浓度为4.3540 mg/mL。结论毛蜂窝菌菌油的化学成分丰富多样,含有烷烃类化合物12种,脂类化合物12种,烯烃类化合物4种,酸类化合物5种,醇类化合物2种,醚类化合物3种,以及醛、胺等化合物。且该菌油具有有效的DPPH自由基清除活性。

老陈醋生产过程中总多酚、总黄酮含量及清除DPPH自由基能力的分析

研究山西老陈醋生产过程中酚类、黄酮类化合物含量及DPPH·清除能力的变化,并分析它们之间的相关性。结果表明:熏醅阶段总酚、总黄酮含量显著增加;总酚含量和总黄酮含量均与DPPH·清除率呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.9340和0.9005;三者之间的多元线性回归方程(生产线2)为:Y=29.061+50.472X1+13.138X2,相关系数为0.954;总黄酮与总多酚含量之间也呈现较高的正相关性,其中生产线3的相关系数为0.881。

建立基于96孔板检测的FRAP法和DPPH法及其在橘核抗氧化活性研究中的应用

目的建立基于96孔板检测的样品消耗小、实验结果准确稳定的改良微型铁离子还原/抗氧化力测定法(ferric reduction ability plasma assay,FRAP)和1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基清除能力测定法(2,2diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay,DPPH),并将之应用于橘核抗氧化活性评价。方法首先,分别考察不同反应温度、反应体系以及反应时间对于FRAP法和DPPH法检测抗坏血酸(Aa)抗氧化能力的影响,选择Aa的浓度和抗氧化能力之间线性关系最佳的反应条件作为最适反应条件并建立这两种方法的微量模型。其次,通过精密度、回收率以及标准品对照实验验证微量模型的稳定性及准确性。最后,将微型FRAP,DPPH法应用于橘核提取物(Cse)及其主要活性成分柠檬苦素(Lim)、诺米林(Nom)、橙皮苷(Hes)的抗氧化活性评价。结果微型FRAP法将150μl TPTZ工作液与5μl待测抗氧化剂溶液作为反应体系且选择在30℃温育反应,反应时间为5 min。DPPH法将160μl DPPH溶液与40μl待测抗氧化剂溶液作为反应体系且选择于25℃保温显色,显色时间为30 min。用这2种改良微型法获得的Aa,Cse和Hes的AEAC值分别为1.00,187.42,19.31g·L-1,EC50值分别为0.06,24.83,4.62 g·L-1。结论基于96板检测的微型FRAP,DPPH法样品消耗量小,实验结果稳定可靠且筛选效率高。Aa的抗氧化能力>Hes>Cse,而Lim,Nom不具抗氧化能力,故该实验认为橘核中抗氧化作用的主要物质基础为Hes。

不同提取方法赶黄草提取物清除DPPH自由基的作用研究

目的研究赶黄草提取物对DPPH自由基的清除作用。方法采用不同溶剂、不同提取方法制得赶黄草提取物,以抗坏血酸为对照,研究其对DPPH自由基的清除作用。结果不同溶剂提取物对DPPH自由基清除率强弱依次为95%乙醇>水>丙酮,不同极性部分对DPPH自由基清除率强弱依次为醋酸乙酯部分>正丁醇部分>水部分>石油醚部分,赶黄草提取物浓度达到一定浓度后与抗坏血酸对DPPH自由基清除能力相当。结论回流提取法是最适合提取赶黄草中有效成分的方法,赶黄草95%乙醇回流提取物具有良好的清除DPPH自由基的能力,醋酸乙酯部分清除DPPH自由基能力最强。

牦牛乳酪蛋白酶解产物清除DPPH自由基活性分析

以牦牛(Bos grunniens)乳酪蛋白为原料,用胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶和风味蛋白酶制备酪蛋白酶解产物,分别测定其DPPH自由基清除活力,发现碱性蛋白酶酶解产物的清除活力显著高于其他酶解产物(p<0.05)。测定不同水解时间点酪蛋白酶解产物的DPPH自由基清除活力,发现第7h酶解产物的清除活力显著高于其它水解时间点的样品(p<0.05)。还分析了碱性蛋白酶7h酶解产物的理化指标,发现其水解度、三氯乙酸氮溶解指数和蛋白质回收率均较高,表明此时大部分酪蛋白已降解,且酶解产物中短肽段的含量较高,用碱性蛋白酶制备具有DPPH自由基清除能力的酪蛋白酶解产物时得率较高,而其氨基氮含量相对较低,适宜作为保健食品功能性基料。

细脚拟青霉不同菌株清除DPPH自由基活性研究

在初筛基础上选择不同地理来源的10株细脚拟青霉,用二苯基苦基苯肼自由基酶标仪法比较了不同提取部位的DPPH自由基清除率.结果表明在所有供试菌株中细脚拟青霉的两个菌株清除自由基活性均较高.10株细脚拟青霉间的清除自由基活性少数相似,多数差异显著;发酵液和菌丝体提取物清除自由基活性不同;菌丝体不同溶剂先后提取所得物清除率也不同,其中氯仿提后甲醇提取物无论提取量,还是活性均较高,5分钟时的清除率最少也有66.0%（Pt02菌株）,最高是Pt69菌株达到93.5%,Pt57菌株的清除率为92.8%;氯仿提取量极少,活性也不高;经氯仿和甲醇提取后的水提物,得率只有甲醇的一半左右,而活性与氯仿提取物相当,在14.11%～45.3%之间.

中国亚热带常见园林植物清除DPPH自由基活性研究

采用二苯基苦基苯肼 (DPPH)自由基酶标仪法 ,对中国亚热带常见的 83科 16 4种园林绿化植物鲜叶的自由基清除活性进行了分析比较 ,结果表明 ,清除活性强 (清除 50 %DPPH自由基时的样品浓度IC50 <0 50 0mg·mL-1 )的有 2 5种 ,清除活性中等 (IC50 0 50 1～1 0 0 0mg·mL-1 )的 31种 ,清除活性弱 (IC50>1 0 0 1mg·mL-1 )的 10 8种。其中石榴、金缕梅、枫香、三角枫、木、算盘子、山杜英、青冈栎、棣棠、南天竹等 10种植物鲜叶DPPH自由基清除活性IC50 <0 4 0 0mg·mL-1 ,其它种IC50 值介于 0 4 0 1～ 14 30 0mg·mL-1 之间。

玫瑰茄粗多糖清除DPPH自由基活性研究

以玫瑰茄干花萼为原料,利用水浸醇析法提取玫瑰茄粗多糖,其抗氧化活性用清除1,1-二苯基苦基苯肼(DPPH)自由基的能力进行评价。结果表明,玫瑰茄粗多糖具有良好的抗氧化活性,其浓度在0.551～2.150mg/mL范围内,与清除率呈较好的线性关系:y=28.7684x+39.43208,R=0.973。

不同因素对夏枯草总黄酮稳定性及DPPH自由基清除活性的影响

利用紫外分光光度法研究了温度、光照、pH值对夏枯草黄酮稳定性的影响,及以夏枯草黄酮清除1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基的活性变化为指标,研究了温度、光照、pH值、还原剂、氧化剂、食品成分、防腐剂及金属离子对夏枯草黄酮DPPH自由基清除活性的影响。结果表明:高温、光照对夏枯草黄酮有一定的降解作用且使其对DPPH自由基的清除活性降低;还原剂Na2SO3、食品成分葡萄糖、防腐剂苯甲酸钠、金属离子(Cu2+、Mg2+)对夏枯草黄酮DPPH自由基清除活性的影响较大,而氧化剂H2O2的影响相对较小;夏枯草黄酮在pH值为6和7时较稳定,活性保存率较高。

不同豆浆制备工艺活性成分与DPPH自由基清除能力比较研究

以7个品种的大豆为原料,分别以生浆工艺和熟浆工艺制备豆浆,通过福林-酚法、亚硝酸钠-硝酸铝-氢氧化钠显色法、反相高效液相色谱和DPPH法对各个样品中的总酚含量、总黄酮含量、异黄酮和1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除能力性进行测定。结果表明:原料、熟浆工艺豆浆与生浆工艺豆浆总酚和总黄酮含量以及DPPH自由基清除能力均具有显著性差异(P<0.05),熟浆工艺豆浆的总黄酮、总酚和DPPH自由基清除能力均高于生浆工艺豆浆,异黄酮含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。