A small-scale, but highly-stylized dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model is estimated by the maximum likelihood method using Chinese quarterly data. Model specifications and parameter equalities between various...A small-scale, but highly-stylized dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model is estimated by the maximum likelihood method using Chinese quarterly data. Model specifications and parameter equalities between various competing model variants are addressed by formal statistical hypothesis tests, while implications for business cycle fluctuations are evaluated via a variance decomposition experiment, second-moments matching, and some out-of-sample forecast exercises. It is highlighted that the monetary authority takes an aggressive stance to the current inflation pressure （there is a significant lagged response）, while leaving less attention to changes in aggregate output. Variance decomposition reveals that large percentages of variations in real and nominal variables are explained by the highly volatile preference and potential output shock, respectively. When nominal and real frictions as well as additional shocks are included, overall our estimated model can successfully reproduce the stylized facts from actual data of Chinese business cycles and frequently can even outperform those forecasts from an unconstrained VAR.展开更多
优化营商环境降低了微观主体投资调整成本,改变了宏观经济政策运行的微观环境。构建具有微观基础的宏观NKQ-DSGE(New Keynesian with Tobin s Q-Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium)模型,研究“营商环境优化”对“财政政策提效”...优化营商环境降低了微观主体投资调整成本,改变了宏观经济政策运行的微观环境。构建具有微观基础的宏观NKQ-DSGE(New Keynesian with Tobin s Q-Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium)模型,研究“营商环境优化”对“财政政策提效”的影响。研究发现:优化营商环境会降低投资调整成本,从而增强政策的托宾Q效应,但对积极财政政策而言是一把双刃剑;对于财政支出政策和降低消费税政策,优化营商环境会加剧政策对私人投资的挤出效应,从而降低政策乘数和弱化政策效果;对于降低资本税政策和降低劳动税政策,优化营商环境会提升政策对私人投资的促进效应,从而提高政策乘数和强化政策效果。因此,应偏向于使用乘数较大的政策工具,同时政策工具之间应协调配合,实现财政政策从“加力”向“提效”转型。展开更多
将多主体协同创新理论与城镇化、工业化、信息化、农业现代化对创新体系发展推动作用的理论以及可持续发展理论相结合,构建区域创新体系DSGE(Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium,动态随机一般均衡)模型组、预期效用函数和拉格朗日...将多主体协同创新理论与城镇化、工业化、信息化、农业现代化对创新体系发展推动作用的理论以及可持续发展理论相结合,构建区域创新体系DSGE(Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium,动态随机一般均衡)模型组、预期效用函数和拉格朗日函数,进而形成了由30个模型组成的河南创新体系DSGE模型体系。以河南为例,运用贝叶斯方法和计量经济学方法等进行参数估计、模拟仿真和政策实验,从而分析出城镇化、工业化、信息化等的波动对河南创新体系状态变量和控制变量的作用效果。随后,利用H-P滤波法分析河南创新体系主要变量的波动特征,以验证模型的准确性,为推动区域创新体系发展提供政策依据。展开更多
文摘A small-scale, but highly-stylized dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model is estimated by the maximum likelihood method using Chinese quarterly data. Model specifications and parameter equalities between various competing model variants are addressed by formal statistical hypothesis tests, while implications for business cycle fluctuations are evaluated via a variance decomposition experiment, second-moments matching, and some out-of-sample forecast exercises. It is highlighted that the monetary authority takes an aggressive stance to the current inflation pressure （there is a significant lagged response）, while leaving less attention to changes in aggregate output. Variance decomposition reveals that large percentages of variations in real and nominal variables are explained by the highly volatile preference and potential output shock, respectively. When nominal and real frictions as well as additional shocks are included, overall our estimated model can successfully reproduce the stylized facts from actual data of Chinese business cycles and frequently can even outperform those forecasts from an unconstrained VAR.
文摘优化营商环境降低了微观主体投资调整成本,改变了宏观经济政策运行的微观环境。构建具有微观基础的宏观NKQ-DSGE(New Keynesian with Tobin s Q-Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium)模型,研究“营商环境优化”对“财政政策提效”的影响。研究发现:优化营商环境会降低投资调整成本,从而增强政策的托宾Q效应,但对积极财政政策而言是一把双刃剑;对于财政支出政策和降低消费税政策,优化营商环境会加剧政策对私人投资的挤出效应,从而降低政策乘数和弱化政策效果;对于降低资本税政策和降低劳动税政策,优化营商环境会提升政策对私人投资的促进效应,从而提高政策乘数和强化政策效果。因此,应偏向于使用乘数较大的政策工具,同时政策工具之间应协调配合,实现财政政策从“加力”向“提效”转型。
文摘将多主体协同创新理论与城镇化、工业化、信息化、农业现代化对创新体系发展推动作用的理论以及可持续发展理论相结合,构建区域创新体系DSGE(Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium,动态随机一般均衡)模型组、预期效用函数和拉格朗日函数,进而形成了由30个模型组成的河南创新体系DSGE模型体系。以河南为例,运用贝叶斯方法和计量经济学方法等进行参数估计、模拟仿真和政策实验,从而分析出城镇化、工业化、信息化等的波动对河南创新体系状态变量和控制变量的作用效果。随后,利用H-P滤波法分析河南创新体系主要变量的波动特征,以验证模型的准确性,为推动区域创新体系发展提供政策依据。
