The changes and correlations of muscle pH, glycogen, lactic acid and in- tramuscular fat oxidation in Duroc pigs 10 d after their slaughter, and the effects of different storage temperature and time on Duroc muscle pH...The changes and correlations of muscle pH, glycogen, lactic acid and in- tramuscular fat oxidation in Duroc pigs 10 d after their slaughter, and the effects of different storage temperature and time on Duroc muscle pH value, water loss rate, glycogen, lactic acid and 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) were studied. The results showed that during the 10 h after the slaughter, the pH value was decreased rapid- ly, the lactic acid content was increased significantly, while the glycogen and TBA contents were remained stable. At the storage temperature of 4 ℃, storage time showed no significant effects on Duroc muscle pH value and glycogen, lactic acid and TBA contents. At the storage temperature of -20 ℃, storage temperature had significant effects on pH value, while no significant effects on other indicators. The correlation analysis demonstrated that during the 10 h after the slaughter, the TBA content was negatively related to glycogen content (P〈0.05), but positively related to lactic content (P〈0.05); the pH value was negatively related to lactic acid content (P〈0.05). At the storage temperature of 4 ℃, the TBA content was negatively relat- ed to water loss rate (P〈0.01) and lactic acid content (P〈0.05); the water loss rate was positively related to pH value (P〈0.01) and lactic acid content (P〈0.05). At the storage temperature of -20 ℃, the TBA content was negatively related to pH value (P〈0.01) and positively related to water loss rate (P〈0.05); the water loss rate was negatively related to pH value (P〈0.01) and lactic acid content (P〈0.05).展开更多
MUC13 is a major gene that controls the susceptibility or resistance to diarrhea caused by ETEC F4 ac in piglets.In this study,the MUC13 resistant allele and performance traits of 3 successive generations of a nucleus...MUC13 is a major gene that controls the susceptibility or resistance to diarrhea caused by ETEC F4 ac in piglets.In this study,the MUC13 resistant allele and performance traits of 3 successive generations of a nucleus Duroc breeding population,a total of 250 pigs,were determined using molecular and conventional breeding techniques to screen out the Duroc population homozygous for MUC13 resistant allele.Under the same feeding and management conditions,the occurrence of diarrhea in same-litter pre-weaned piglets from the 20 litters of breeding sows and 20 litters of propagating sows were 8.7% and 18.4%,respectively(P〈 0.01).However,there was no significant difference in survival rate of same-litter weaned piglets from breeding sows and propagating sows(P 〈0.05).The determination results showed there was no significant difference in days of age required by 1stgeneration and 3rd generation to grow to 100 kg of body weight.However,compared to that of the 1st generation,the live backfat thickness of the 3rdgeneration was reduced by 1.46 mm(P 〉0.05).However,no significant differences in growth rate and live backfat thickness were found among the MUC13 genotypes from all the 3generations(P 0.05).In conclusion,the homozygosis for the MUC13 resistant allele not only can control the occurrence of diarrhea in piglet but also can reduce significantly live backfat thickness.However,the homozygosis for the MUC13 resistant allele has no significant effects on growth and development of piglets.展开更多
The Duroc pig has high adaptability and feeding efficiency, making it one of the most popular pig breeds worldwide. Over long periods of natural and artificial selection, genetic footprints, i.e., selective signatures...The Duroc pig has high adaptability and feeding efficiency, making it one of the most popular pig breeds worldwide. Over long periods of natural and artificial selection, genetic footprints, i.e., selective signatures, were left in the genome. In this study, a Duroc pig population (n=715) was genotyped with the Porcine SNP60K Bead Chip and the GeneSeek Genomic Profiler (GGP) Porcine Chip. The relative extended haplotype homozygosity (REHH) method was used for selective signature detection in a subset of the population (n=368), selected to represent a balanced family structure. In total, 154 significant core regions were detected as selective signatures (,P〈0.01), some of which overlap with previously reported quantitative trait loci associated with several economically important traits, including average daily gain and backfat thickness. Genome annotation for these significant core regions revealed a variety of interesting candidate genes including GATA3, TAF3, ATP5C1, and FGFI. These genes were functionally related to anterior/posterior pattern specification, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling, embryonic skeletal system morphogenesis, and oxidation-reduction processes. This research provides knowledge for the study of selection mechanisms and breeding practices in Duroc and other pigs.展开更多
This study explored the developmental changes in small intestinal barrier function and the potential regulatory roles of intestinal microbiota and metabolites in different breeds of piglets during suckling and weaning...This study explored the developmental changes in small intestinal barrier function and the potential regulatory roles of intestinal microbiota and metabolites in different breeds of piglets during suckling and weaning periods.Taoyuan black(TB),Xiangcun black(XB),and Duroc(DR)piglets(10 litters per breed;half male and half female)were selected for sampling to evaluate the intestinal barrier-related indexes and intestinal microbiota and metabolites at 1,10,21(weaned),and 24(3 d after weaning)d old.The results showed that weaning led to severe shedding of small intestinal microvilli and sparse microvilli arrangement.D-lactate level in the ileum of TB and XB piglets during suckling and weaning periods was lower(P<0.01)than that of DR piglets,as well as the ileal diamine oxidase level at 1 d old.The expression level of mucin 1 was higher(P<0.05)in the ileum of TB and XB piglets than that of DR piglets,and it was the highest in the ileum of TB piglets at 21 d old.The expression levels of mucin 2 and mucin 13 were higher(P<0.10)in TB and XB piglets than those of DR piglets at 21 d old,whereas mucin2 and mucin 13 in the ileum of TB and XB piglets were higher(P<0.05)than those of DR piglets at 24 d old.TB and XB piglets had a lower relative abundance of Escherichia_Shigella at 21 and 24 d old,but they had higher Streptococcus at 1 and 24 d old than DR piglets(P<0.01).Differential metabolites between the three breeds of piglets were mainly related to oxidative phosphorylation,steroid biosynthesis,and bile acid synthesis.Collectively,these findings suggest that different pig breeds present differences in the development of the small intestinal barrier function.Compared with DR piglets,TB and XB piglets had higher intestinal permeability during the suckling period and a stronger intestinal mechanical barrier after weaning.Moreover,intestinal microbiota and metabolites are the key factors for developing small intestinal barrier functions in different breeds of piglets.展开更多
Intramuscular fat(IMF) is a major meat-quality trait in pigs. The content of IMF is directly associated with the taste and flavor of pork. As a complex trait, there could be multiple genes affecting IMF content in por...Intramuscular fat(IMF) is a major meat-quality trait in pigs. The content of IMF is directly associated with the taste and flavor of pork. As a complex trait, there could be multiple genes affecting IMF content in pork. Genomewide association study is a powerful tool to detect genomic regions associated with phenotypic variations. The objectives of the present study were to identify or refine the positions of genomic regions affecting IMF, and to characterize candidate genes and pathways that may influence this trait. Of note, we identified a significant region in longissium dorsi muscle in a Duroc pig population for IMF content with Porcine SNP60 v2 Bead Chip. This region spans 1.24 Mb on chromosome 8 and had been identified as a quantitative trait locus for IMF in Pietrain, Large White, Landrace, and Leicoma pigs. In this region, eight SNPs were significantly associated with IMF content. Three genes proximal to these significant SNPs were considered candidate genes, including ZDHHC16, LOC102162218 and PCDH7. Our results confirm several previous findings and highlight several genes that may contribute to IMF variation in Duroc pigs.展开更多
【目的】揭示基于动物模型最佳线性无偏预测(animal model best linear unbiased prediction,AM-BLUP)的选择指数对杜洛克猪生长及繁殖性状的选育效果。【方法】在采用AM-BLUP方法估计个体目标性状育种值基础上,以达100 kg体质量日龄(...【目的】揭示基于动物模型最佳线性无偏预测(animal model best linear unbiased prediction,AM-BLUP)的选择指数对杜洛克猪生长及繁殖性状的选育效果。【方法】在采用AM-BLUP方法估计个体目标性状育种值基础上,以达100 kg体质量日龄(相对权重0.7)和100 kg活体背膘厚(相对权重0.3)为主选性状构建选择指数,对1个闭锁的杜洛克猪群开展持续7年(2013—2019年)的选育,系统分析选育期间猪群6个生长及繁殖性状表型值、估计育种值(estimated breeding value,EBV)、选择指数及近交系数的变化。【结果】相较于2013年,2019年猪群达100 kg体质量日龄、100 kg活体背膘厚和30~100 kg料重比分别极显著缩短4.45 d、降低0.52 mm和降低0.05(P<0.01);初产和经产母猪的总产仔数分别提高0.99头(P<0.05)和1.02头(P>0.05),产活仔数分别提高0.72头和0.49头(P>0.05),21日龄窝重分别降低0.39 kg和提高6.20 kg(P>0.05);主选性状达100 kg体质量日龄和100 kg活体背膘厚的EBV分别极显著降低3.447和0.533(P<0.01),选择指数极显著提高23.62(P<0.01),除30~100 kg料重比外,其余辅选性状的EBV均获得了不同程度改进。选育结束时,群体平均近交系数为3.1973%,年均增量为0.4904%。【结论】基于AM-BLUP的指数选择可有效改良猪的生产性状,但不同性状的具体选择进展会因其遗传特性的不同而异。展开更多
基金Supported by Funds for Swine Innovation Team Construction of Shandong Provincial Modern Agriculture Industry Technology System(SDAIT-06-011-03)Fine Breeds Engineering Project of Shandong Province(2011LZ013-01)China Swine Industry Technology System(CARS-36)~~
文摘The changes and correlations of muscle pH, glycogen, lactic acid and in- tramuscular fat oxidation in Duroc pigs 10 d after their slaughter, and the effects of different storage temperature and time on Duroc muscle pH value, water loss rate, glycogen, lactic acid and 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) were studied. The results showed that during the 10 h after the slaughter, the pH value was decreased rapid- ly, the lactic acid content was increased significantly, while the glycogen and TBA contents were remained stable. At the storage temperature of 4 ℃, storage time showed no significant effects on Duroc muscle pH value and glycogen, lactic acid and TBA contents. At the storage temperature of -20 ℃, storage temperature had significant effects on pH value, while no significant effects on other indicators. The correlation analysis demonstrated that during the 10 h after the slaughter, the TBA content was negatively related to glycogen content (P〈0.05), but positively related to lactic content (P〈0.05); the pH value was negatively related to lactic acid content (P〈0.05). At the storage temperature of 4 ℃, the TBA content was negatively relat- ed to water loss rate (P〈0.01) and lactic acid content (P〈0.05); the water loss rate was positively related to pH value (P〈0.01) and lactic acid content (P〈0.05). At the storage temperature of -20 ℃, the TBA content was negatively related to pH value (P〈0.01) and positively related to water loss rate (P〈0.05); the water loss rate was negatively related to pH value (P〈0.01) and lactic acid content (P〈0.05).
基金Supported by Key Project of Science and Technology Plan of Fujian Province(2010N0012)Agricultural Science and Technology Spanning Plan in Fujian Province(2013KY05)~~
文摘MUC13 is a major gene that controls the susceptibility or resistance to diarrhea caused by ETEC F4 ac in piglets.In this study,the MUC13 resistant allele and performance traits of 3 successive generations of a nucleus Duroc breeding population,a total of 250 pigs,were determined using molecular and conventional breeding techniques to screen out the Duroc population homozygous for MUC13 resistant allele.Under the same feeding and management conditions,the occurrence of diarrhea in same-litter pre-weaned piglets from the 20 litters of breeding sows and 20 litters of propagating sows were 8.7% and 18.4%,respectively(P〈 0.01).However,there was no significant difference in survival rate of same-litter weaned piglets from breeding sows and propagating sows(P 〈0.05).The determination results showed there was no significant difference in days of age required by 1stgeneration and 3rd generation to grow to 100 kg of body weight.However,compared to that of the 1st generation,the live backfat thickness of the 3rdgeneration was reduced by 1.46 mm(P 〉0.05).However,no significant differences in growth rate and live backfat thickness were found among the MUC13 genotypes from all the 3generations(P 0.05).In conclusion,the homozygosis for the MUC13 resistant allele not only can control the occurrence of diarrhea in piglet but also can reduce significantly live backfat thickness.However,the homozygosis for the MUC13 resistant allele has no significant effects on growth and development of piglets.
基金supported by the earmarked fund for the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-35)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31772556)+2 种基金the Basic Work of Science and Technology Project, China (2014FY120800)the Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou, China (201506010027)the Guangdong S&T Project, China (2017A020208043)
文摘The Duroc pig has high adaptability and feeding efficiency, making it one of the most popular pig breeds worldwide. Over long periods of natural and artificial selection, genetic footprints, i.e., selective signatures, were left in the genome. In this study, a Duroc pig population (n=715) was genotyped with the Porcine SNP60K Bead Chip and the GeneSeek Genomic Profiler (GGP) Porcine Chip. The relative extended haplotype homozygosity (REHH) method was used for selective signature detection in a subset of the population (n=368), selected to represent a balanced family structure. In total, 154 significant core regions were detected as selective signatures (,P〈0.01), some of which overlap with previously reported quantitative trait loci associated with several economically important traits, including average daily gain and backfat thickness. Genome annotation for these significant core regions revealed a variety of interesting candidate genes including GATA3, TAF3, ATP5C1, and FGFI. These genes were functionally related to anterior/posterior pattern specification, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling, embryonic skeletal system morphogenesis, and oxidation-reduction processes. This research provides knowledge for the study of selection mechanisms and breeding practices in Duroc and other pigs.
基金supported by the Key Project of Regional Innovation and Development Joint Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20A2056)Youth Foundation of Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2021JJB130431)+1 种基金Open Foundation of the Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region of Chinese Academy of Sciences(ISA2022105)Special Funds for Construction of Innovative Provinces in Hunan Province(2019RS3022)
文摘This study explored the developmental changes in small intestinal barrier function and the potential regulatory roles of intestinal microbiota and metabolites in different breeds of piglets during suckling and weaning periods.Taoyuan black(TB),Xiangcun black(XB),and Duroc(DR)piglets(10 litters per breed;half male and half female)were selected for sampling to evaluate the intestinal barrier-related indexes and intestinal microbiota and metabolites at 1,10,21(weaned),and 24(3 d after weaning)d old.The results showed that weaning led to severe shedding of small intestinal microvilli and sparse microvilli arrangement.D-lactate level in the ileum of TB and XB piglets during suckling and weaning periods was lower(P<0.01)than that of DR piglets,as well as the ileal diamine oxidase level at 1 d old.The expression level of mucin 1 was higher(P<0.05)in the ileum of TB and XB piglets than that of DR piglets,and it was the highest in the ileum of TB piglets at 21 d old.The expression levels of mucin 2 and mucin 13 were higher(P<0.10)in TB and XB piglets than those of DR piglets at 21 d old,whereas mucin2 and mucin 13 in the ileum of TB and XB piglets were higher(P<0.05)than those of DR piglets at 24 d old.TB and XB piglets had a lower relative abundance of Escherichia_Shigella at 21 and 24 d old,but they had higher Streptococcus at 1 and 24 d old than DR piglets(P<0.01).Differential metabolites between the three breeds of piglets were mainly related to oxidative phosphorylation,steroid biosynthesis,and bile acid synthesis.Collectively,these findings suggest that different pig breeds present differences in the development of the small intestinal barrier function.Compared with DR piglets,TB and XB piglets had higher intestinal permeability during the suckling period and a stronger intestinal mechanical barrier after weaning.Moreover,intestinal microbiota and metabolites are the key factors for developing small intestinal barrier functions in different breeds of piglets.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31601912)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2016A030310447)the Applied Science and Technology Research and Development of Special Funds of Guangdong Province (2015B020231010)
文摘Intramuscular fat(IMF) is a major meat-quality trait in pigs. The content of IMF is directly associated with the taste and flavor of pork. As a complex trait, there could be multiple genes affecting IMF content in pork. Genomewide association study is a powerful tool to detect genomic regions associated with phenotypic variations. The objectives of the present study were to identify or refine the positions of genomic regions affecting IMF, and to characterize candidate genes and pathways that may influence this trait. Of note, we identified a significant region in longissium dorsi muscle in a Duroc pig population for IMF content with Porcine SNP60 v2 Bead Chip. This region spans 1.24 Mb on chromosome 8 and had been identified as a quantitative trait locus for IMF in Pietrain, Large White, Landrace, and Leicoma pigs. In this region, eight SNPs were significantly associated with IMF content. Three genes proximal to these significant SNPs were considered candidate genes, including ZDHHC16, LOC102162218 and PCDH7. Our results confirm several previous findings and highlight several genes that may contribute to IMF variation in Duroc pigs.