Exploration of the Evaluation Method for the Soothing Effect of UV Induced Human Skin Damage Model

To explore the method of evaluating the soothing effect of human skin damage,a human skin damage model was established using UV light induction.Four test areas were set up,namely blank control area,UV damage prevention and soothing area,immediate soothing area after UV damage and soothing area after UV damage.Five skin parameters,including skin melanin,red pigment value,skin pigmentation value,a*value,and skin redness value,were used to characterize skin pigmentation before and after using the sample Changes in properties such as skin erythema and skin pigment.The results showed that the method showed significant changes in the skin condition of volunteers before and after using the sample,and could achieve a soothing effect,which has certain reference significance.

The main causes and corresponding solutions of skin pigmentation in the body

The skin's normal color is primarily determined by the quantity and distribution of pigment,the level of hemoglobin in the skin's blood vessels,and various optical factors.Additionally,mechanical damage from clothing renders certain areas of the body more susceptible to hyperpigmentation,such as the elbows and knees.According to research,various factors such as gender and weight have been found to influence skin color.The mechanism of body skin pigmentation has been extensively studied with a particular focus on melanogenesis and related signaling pathways.Therefore,this article primarily focuses on elucidating the mechanisms governing body pigmentation while discussing strategies for managing skin whitening,encompassing influential factors and whitening methods.

Subsection and superposition method for reservoir formation damage evaluation of complex-structure wells

Kinds of complex-structure wells can effectively improve production,which are widely used.However,in the process of drilling and completion,complex-structure wells with long drilling cycle and large exposed area of reservoir can lead to the fact that reservoir near wellbore is more vulnerable to the working fluid invasion,resulting in more serious formation damage.In order to quantitatively describe the reservoir formation damage in the construction of complex-structure well,taking the inclined well section as the research object,the coordinate transformation method and conformal transformation method are given according to the flow characteristics of reservoir near wellbore in anisotropic reservoir.Then the local skin factor in orthogonal plane of wellbore is deduced.Considering the un-even distribution of local skin factor along the wellbore,the oscillation decreasing model and empirical equation model of damage zone radius distribution along the wellbore direction are established and then the total skin factor model of the whole well is superimposed to realize the reservoir damage evaluation of complex-structure wells.Combining the skin factor model with the production model,the production of complex-structure wells can be predicted more accurately.The two field application cases show that the accuracy of the model can be more than 90%,which can also fully reflect the invasion characteristics of drilling and completion fluid in any well section of complex-structure wells in anisotropic reservoir,so as to further provide guidance for the scientific establish-ment of reservoir production system.

The‘skin effect’of subsurface damage distribution in materials subjected to high-speed machining

This paper proposes the‘skin effect’of the machining-induced damage at high strain rates.The paper first reviews the published research work on machining-induced damage and then identifies the governing factors that dominate damage formation mechanisms.Among many influential factors,such as stress-strain field,temperature field,material responses to loading and loading rate,and crack initiation and propagation,strain rate is recognized as a dominant factor that can directly lead to the‘skin effect’of material damage in a loading process.The paper elucidates that material deformation at high strain rates(>103 s−1)leads to the embrittlement,which in turn contributes to the‘skin effect’of subsurface damage.The paper discusses the‘skin effect’based on the principles of dislocation kinetics and crack initiation and propagation.It provides guidance to predicting the material deformation and damage at a high strain-rate for applications ranging from the armor protection,quarrying,petroleum drilling,and high-speed machining of engineering materials(e.g.ceramics and SiC reinforced aluminum alloys).

Quantification of thermal damage in skin tissue

Skin thermal damage or skin burns are the most commonly encountered type of trauma in civilian and military communities. Besides, advances in laser, microwave and similar technologies have led to recent developments of thermal treatments for disease and damage involving skin tissue, where the objective is to induce thermal damage precisely within targeted tissue structures but without affecting the surrounding, healthy tissue. Further, extended pain sensation induced by thermal damage has also brought great problem for burn patients. Thus, it is of great importance to quantify the thermal damage in skin tissue. In this paper, the available models and experimental methods for quantification of thermal damage in skin tissue are discussed.

Polyneuropathy organomegaly endocrinopathy M-protein and skin changes syndrome with ascites as an early-stage manifestation:A case report

BACKGROUND Polyneuropathy organomegaly endocrinopathy M-protein and skin changes(POEMS)syndrome is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome caused by a potential plasma cell tumor.The clinical manifestations of POEMS syndrome are diverse.Due to the insidious onset and lack of specific early-stage manifestations,POEMS syndrome is easily misdiagnosed or never diagnosed,leading to delayed treatment.Neurological symptoms are usually the first clinical manifestation,while ascites is a rare symptom in patients with POEMS syndrome.CASE SUMMARY A female patient presented with unexplained ascites as an initial symptom,which is a rare early-stage manifestation of the condition.After 1 year,the patient gradually developed progressive renal impairment,anemia,polyserosal effusion,edema,swollen lymph nodes on the neck,armpits,and groin,and decreased muscle strength of the lower extremities.The patient was eventually diagnosed with POEMS syndrome after multidisciplinary team discussion.Treatment comprised bortezomib+dexamethasone,continuous renal replacement therapy,chest and abdominal closed drainage,transfusions of erythrocytes and platelets,and other symptomatic and supportive treatments.The patient’s condition initially improved after treatment.However,then her symptoms worsened,and she succumbed to the illness and died.CONCLUSION Ascites is a potential early manifestation of POEMS syndrome,and this diagnosis should be considered for patients with unexplained ascites.Furthermore,multidisciplinary team discussion is helpful in diagnosing POEMS syndrome.

The CUL4A ubiquitin ligase is a potential therapeutic target in skin cancer and other malignancies

Cullin 4A(CUL4A)is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that directly affects DNA repair and cell cycle progression by targeting substrates including damage-specific DNA-binding protein 2(DDB2),xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C(XPC),chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor 1(Cdt1),and p21.Recent work from our laboratory has shown that Cul4a-deficient mice have greatly reduced rates of ultraviolet-induced skin carcinomas.On a cellular level,Cul4a-deficient cells have great capacity for DNA repair and demonstrate a slow rate of proliferation due primarily to increased expression of DDB2 and p21,respectively.This suggests that CUL4A promotes tumorigenesis(as well as accumulation of skin damage and subsequent premature aging)by limiting DNA repair activity and expediting S phase entry.In addition,CUL4A has been found to be up-regulated via gene amplification or overexpression in breast cancers,hepatocellular carcinomas,squamous cell carcinomas,adrenocortical carcinomas,childhood medulloblastomas,and malignant pleural mesotheliomas.Because of its oncogenic activity in skin cancer and up-regulation in other malignancies,CUL4A has arisen as a potential candidate for targeted therapeutic approaches.In this review,we outline the established functions of CUL4A and discuss the E3ligase’s emergence as a potential driver of tumorigenesis.

Protective Effects of a Novel Preparation Consists of Concentrated Dead Sea Water and Natural Plants Extracts against Skin Photo-Damage

Background: Exposure to solar UV rays has deleterious effects on skin appearance through physiological and structural alterations that eventually lead to skin photo-damage. Aims: To test the photo-protective effect of a novel preparation, Dead Sea Osmoter Concentrate (DSOC), containing high concentration of Dead Sea water. Methods: Human skin organ culture was used as a model to assess the biological effects of UVB irradiation and the protective effect of topical application of DSOC preparation. Skin pieces were analyzed for mitochondrial activity by Alamar blue (resazurin) assay, for apoptosis by caspase 3 assay, for detoxification by proteasome 20S sub-unit activity and for skin hydration by aquaporin 3 (AQP3) membrane channels expression. Human subjects were tested to evaluate the effect of DSOC Serum, a topical formula for facial skin, on skin hydration by a corneometer. Results: UVB irradiation induced cell apoptosis in the epidermis of skin organ cultures and decreased their proteasome activity and AQP3 expression. Topical application of DSOC significantly attenuated all these effects. In human subjects, an elevation in the intense skin moisture, which was higher relatively to subjects’ regular moisturizer, was observed. Moreover, DSOC Serum boosted the hydration effect together with regular moisturizer. Conclusions: The results clearly demonstrate that DSOC preparation can significantly improve the skin capability in coping with UVB rays stress in different cellular functions such as anti-apoptotic properties as well as detoxification and hydration recovery that can attenuate biological effects of skin photo-damage. Topical application of DSOC Serum had contributed to skin appearance by a strong hydration impact, also as a booster.

Protection from Near-Infrared to Prevent Skin Damage

Over half of the solar energy consists of near-infrared, and in addition to natural near-infrared, humans are increasingly exposed to artificial near-infrared from electrical appliances. Thus, we are exposed to tremendous amounts of near-infrared. Despite the wide prevalence of a variety of ultraviolet blocking materials, the necessity to protect against near-infrared has not been well recognized. To clarify the necessity to protect against near-infrared, we assessed cell viability of human fibroblast cells after water-filtered broad-spectrum near-infrared (1100 - 1800 nm together with a water-filter that excludes wavelengths 1400 - 1500 nm) treatment using 2 sets of transparent polycarbonate plates, one to block ultraviolet and the other to block both ultraviolet and near-infrared. The cell viability was significantly decreased after 10 rounds of near-infrared irradiation at 20 J/cm2 in near-infrared treated cells without a protective polycarbonate plate and near-infrared treated cells using the polycarbonate plate to block only ultraviolet. Assuming that the cell viability of the non-irradiated control to be 100, the cell viability of the near-infrared treated cells without any protection was 0.2. The cell viability of the near-infrared treated cells with the polycarbonate plate to block only ultraviolet was 0.3, whereas both ultraviolet and near-infrared protected cells retained a viability of 85.1. The results of this study indicate that protection from not only ultraviolet but also near-infrared should be considered to prevent skin damage.

基于YOLOv7通道冗余改进的飞机蒙皮损伤检测

为提高蒙皮损伤检测的自动化程度,提出一种基于改进YOLOv7通道冗余的机器视觉检测方法。首先针对飞机蒙皮损伤数据集背景单一的特点,提出增强型颈部特征融合改进算法,提高了飞机蒙皮损伤的识别精度和检测速度;其次针对主干特征提取网络的卷积通道冗余的问题,引入部分卷积PConv(Partial convolution),提出主干特征提取网络轻量化,减少模型的参数量,同时提高损伤的识别效率。试验部分首先在飞机蒙皮损伤数据集上探索了不同增强型颈部特征融合改进算法,确定了最优的改进方案;接着在飞机蒙皮损伤数据集上做消融和对比试验,改进算法与原YOLOv7算法比较,mAP(Mean average precision)提升了2.3%,FPS(Frames per second)提升了22.1 f/s,模型参数量降低了34.13%;最后将改进的YOLOv7模型与主流目标检测模型对比,证明了改进算法的先进性。

医疗失效模式及效应分析在腹部引流管管周潮湿相关性皮肤损伤管理中的应用

目的探讨医疗失效模式与效应分析(health care failure mode and effect analysis,HFMEA)在腹部引流管管周潮湿相关性皮肤损伤(moisture associated skin damage,MASD)中的应用效果。方法采用方便抽样法,选取我院2023年1-7月外科病房术后放置腹部引流管的患者360例。其中1-3月应用前的180例患者为对照组,4-7月应用后的180例患者为观察组。根据HFMEA质量改进方法,成立外科腹部引流管管周潮湿相关性皮肤损伤管理流程改进小组,并对其流程进行失效模式及潜在的原因分析,比较改进前后引流管管周MASD的发生率,引流管管周MASDⅢ+Ⅳ度的发生占比以及主要失效模式风险指数(risk priority number,RPN)值。结果实施医疗失效模式与效应分析管理后,引流管管周MASD的发生率下降(P<0.05),Ⅲ-Ⅳ度引流管管周MASD的发生减少(P<0.05),14项RPN比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论HFMEA管理模式有利于规范引流管管周MADS管理流程,规避护理风险。

重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子凝胶联合蒙脱石散对婴幼儿尿布疹的疗效观察与研究

目的探究重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(rbFGF)凝胶联合蒙脱石散对婴幼儿尿布疹的临床效果。方法选取2019年12月至2020年6月赣南医学院第一附属医院收治的72例婴幼儿尿布疹患儿作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组与实验组,每组36例。对照组给予rbFGF凝胶干预,实验组在对照组基础上联合蒙脱石散干预,比较两组干预效果、恢复情况、皮肤损伤程度、血清学指标及不良反应发生情况。结果实验组治疗总有效率为94.44%,高于对照组的72.22%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组皮肤发红、皮肤破裂面积及皮肤侵蚀程度评分均低于干预前,且实验组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组不良反应发生率为5.56%,低于对照组的25.00%差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组尿布疹消退时间、住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平均低于干预前,干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)水平高于干预前,且实验组TNF-α、IL-4、IL-10水平低于对照组,IFN-γ水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论rbFGF凝胶联合蒙脱石散应用于婴幼儿尿布疹的疗效显著,可减轻皮肤损伤程度,改善机体炎症反应,缩短尿布疹消退时间,且不良反应少,值得临床推广应用。

预防性回肠造口周围潮湿相关性皮肤损伤情况及影响因素分析

目的:分析预防性回肠造口术后患者造口周围潮湿相关性皮肤损伤(Peristomal Moisture-Associated Skin Damage,PMASD)的发生现状及影响因素,以期为早期预防PMASD的发生发展,并采取预见性、针对性的护理措施提供指导。方法:采用便利抽样法选取2022年3月—12月于杭州市2所三级甲等医院接受预防性回肠造口术的388例患者为研究对象。研究者联合面对面访问、电话及云平台对患者进行调查、随访,并由伤口造口专科护士结合询问情况及患者或照护者上传的照片诊断有无发生PMASD。采用单因素分析及Logistic回归分析预防性回肠造口PMASD影响因素。结果:预防性回肠造口患者PMASD发生率为36.3%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、BMI、造口处手术伤口、坐位时造口周围皮肤褶皱、更换照护者、造口袋类型、造口袋更换周期是预防性回肠造口患者发生PMASD的影响因素。结论:预防性回肠造口PMASD发生率高,医护人员应向患者提供造口伤口和周围皮肤褶皱、造口产品等方面的个性化护理干预指导,积极鼓励患者提高造口自我护理能力,以预防PMASD发生。

一种可溶性微晶抗皱眼贴的安全及功效评价

运用光干断层扫描技术(OCT)观察可溶性微晶抗皱眼贴在眼下40 min左右完全溶解,同时敷贴2 h后的角质层形态和血流的结果中未见明显的损伤痕迹。在人体安全及功效测试中,试验组在使用4周、12周及停用4周后,皮肤皱纹显著减轻,皮肤弹性显著升高。试验组皱纹参数R_(max)的数据结果仅在使用12周显著优于对照组,其余皱纹参数及皮肤弹性的数据结果都显著优于对照组。2组受试者均未出现任何皮肤不良反应。测试的可溶性微晶抗皱眼贴在改善皱纹、提升皮肤弹性方面具有优势性的效果,同时相对也是安全的。

草乌甲素4种皮肤屏障模型家兔在体透皮吸收对比研究

目的对比研究草乌甲素凝胶贴在正常家兔正常皮肤、正常家兔破损皮肤、病理损伤正常皮肤、病理损伤破损皮肤4种皮肤屏障模型在体透皮吸收。方法采用肌肉注射50%甘油的方法获得病理损伤模型家兔,采用1号砂纸包裹木棒轻轻摩擦皮肤表面至变为浅红的方法制备破损皮肤。4种皮肤屏障模型经皮给予草乌甲素凝胶贴,正常皮肤于给药后1 h、2 h、3 h、4 h、5 h、6 h、8 h、10 h采血,破损皮肤于给药后1 h、2 h、3 h、4 h、5 h、6 h、8 h、10 h、12 h、24 h、36 h采血,HPLC-MS/MS检测4种模型家兔草乌甲素给药后不同时间点血浆药物浓度,采用DAS 3.2.0计算药代参数,SPSS 23.0进行组间药代参数统计。结果AUC(0-t)、AUC(0-∞)、Cmax 3个药代参数在4种皮肤屏障模型家兔的变化趋势一致,大小分别为:正常家兔破损皮肤>病理损伤破损皮肤>病理损伤正常皮肤>正常家兔正常皮肤。皮肤外环境不同对草乌甲素透过率产生较大影响,破损皮肤透过率明显高于正常皮肤(P<0.05);单纯病理损伤(内伤),皮肤状态一致,草乌甲素的吸收、消除的程度和速度均无明显影响(P>0.05);模拟外伤所致正常家兔破损皮肤、内外伤的病理损伤破损皮肤与正常家兔正常皮肤相比,草乌甲素吸收程度大幅提高、消除能力明显降低(P<0.05)。结论皮肤角质层的屏障功能是草乌甲素透皮吸收的主要限制因素,外伤或内外伤状态下,可能导致草乌甲素在体内蓄积,影响用药安全。在进行经皮给药制剂试验研究时,应同时进行正常和模拟外伤所致的破损皮肤或内外伤的病理损伤破损皮肤模型对比研究,模拟临床肌肉、皮肤受到内外伤的情况下透皮吸收,将有助于更加全面准确地评价经皮给药制剂药效、药代和毒理特性。

标准化皮肤管理在乳腺癌放疗所致皮肤损害中的应用研究

目的探讨标准化皮肤管理在乳腺癌放疗所致皮肤损害中的应用效果。方法选取2022年1月—2023年6月在泉州市第一医院放疗科行放疗的乳腺癌患者108例,采用抽签法分为对照组与研究组,各54例。对照组患者行常规皮肤护理,研究组在此基础上增加标准化皮肤管理干预。对比2组的患者皮肤损伤程度、护理效果、皮肤损伤出现时间及修复时间,使用肿瘤患者生活质量测定量表(quality of life questionnaire:core 30,QLQ-C30)比较2组患者护理前后生活质量情况,对比2组护理满意度情况。结果研究组患者急性放射性损伤皮肤分级显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组皮肤护理有效率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组皮肤损伤出现时间晚于对照组,修复时间早于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理前,2组QLQ-C30各维度评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后,研究组QLQ-C30心理、生理、社会及总体健康评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组护理满意度显著高于对照组(98.15%vs.81.48%)(P<0.05)。结论在乳腺癌放疗患者皮肤护理中增加标准化皮肤管理,具有改善皮肤损伤、延缓损伤进程、促进皮肤修复、提高患者生活质量的效果,且患者护理满意度高。

民航领域机器人实验教学平台设计和应用

针对机器人学实践教学环节薄弱、缺乏民航行业特色的问题,聚焦采用机器人作业的飞机蒙皮损伤检测业务,设计了一款无人车实验教学平台。该无人车具有同时定位与建图、覆盖任务点规划、自动导航与控制、数据分析等模块,能够实现飞机机身蒙皮数据的自动采集与智能分析。依托学校提供的机坪实验环境以及教学飞机,基于该平台对机器人学实践教学环节进行了设计,覆盖知识内容完整、与科研有机结合,不仅可以使学生对机器人理论知识有更深的认识和应用水平,而且可以提高学生在民航领域的技术素养和实践能力。

专职吞噬细胞胞葬功能在慢性创面修复中的作用机制及应用

慢性创面作为一种长期消耗性疾病,是临床上长期难以解决的难题。胞葬作用功能障碍使创面凋亡细胞不能被及时清除,继而发生细胞坏死和促炎细胞因子释放,使创面难以由炎症期向增殖期过渡。巨噬细胞和树突状细胞作为专职的吞噬细胞,是胞葬作用的主要承担者,本文通过对两种专职吞噬细胞参与创面愈合过程的作用机理进行综述,发现除胞葬相关作用受体外,巨噬细胞和树突状细胞还分别通过作用于ICAM‑1、NK‑4,MIR‑21、CD36等信号分子发挥胞葬作用,加速慢性创面的愈合。此外,树突状细胞的胞葬功能可能会受到SLC7A11的限制,去除或抑制SLC7A11可以显著增强树突状细胞的胞葬作用促进慢性创面愈合,本研究对进一步阐明慢性创面的愈合过程和创新治疗措施具有重要意义。

皮肤物理屏障的生理基础及修护机制

当前全球皮肤敏感肌问题日益突显,敏感肌护理已成为大众关注的重要护肤命题。皮肤物理屏障作为守护肌肤健康的关键性屏障,此屏障受损是导致敏感肌形成的关键环节。文中阐述了皮肤物理屏障生理结构并总结了对应结构受损时皮肤表现的各种肌肤问题,提出针对皮肤物理屏障三大修护方法,在此基础上描述修护皮肤屏障的几种其他方式,如情绪护肤及温感调节等,旨在为开发修护类化妆品提供理论基础,为搭建敏感肌修护体系赋能。

莫匹罗星软膏联合新癀片贴敷应用于化疗药物皮下注射所致皮肤损害的临床研究

目的观察分析莫匹罗星软膏联合新癀片贴敷对化疗药物皮下注射所致皮肤损害的影响。方法选取2023年10月至2024年3月医院收治的恶性血液病患者70例为研究对象,将其随机分为两组,对照组(35例)对常规注射部位采用湿热敷,观察组(35例)对常规注射部位给予莫匹罗星软膏联合新癀片贴敷。对比两组临床效果、治疗后疼痛发生率、敷药依从性及护理满意度。结果观察组总有效率高于对照组,P<0.05;观察组干预后敷药总依从率、护理满意度均高于对照组,P<0.05;观察组干预后疼痛发生率低于对照组,P<0.05。结论用莫匹罗星软膏联合新癀片贴敷治疗化疗药物皮下注射所致皮肤损害,不仅能增强治疗效果,减轻疼痛程度,还能提高患者敷药依从性和护理满意度。