The Relationship between Academic Performance,Achievement Motivation and Career Adaptability of Chinese High School Students

Given the importance of career adaptability to personal career and success,there is growing interest in how to cultivate youth's career adaptability in schools.This study explores the predictors of career adaptability and examines the mediating role of academic performance in the relationship between achievement motivation and career adaptability.Using the survey data of 147 Chinese high school students,a series of regression models find that academic motivation and academic performance have significant effects on career adaptability,as well as its four dimensions namely career concern,career control,career curiosity,and career confidence.Structural equation modeling further shows that achievement motivation can not only directly affect career adaptability,but also indirectly affect career adaptability through academic performance after controlling for the effects of gender,location,parent education,and family social and economic status.Research limitations and practical implications are finally discussed.

Examine the Relationship of Emotional Intelligence and Creativity with Academic Achievement of Second Period High School Students

The present study aimed to examine the relationship of emotional intelligence and creativity with academic achievement of second period high school students in Nikshahr. This was a descriptive-correlational study. The population of the current study included all second period high school students in the academic year of 2013-2014. The statistical sample was selected using simple random sampling method. To collect data, Mayer Salovey Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (1995) as well as Creativity Questionnaire (Sultani) and to compare students’ academic achievements, their GPAs in the academic year of 2013-2014 were used. Obtained data were analyzed using both descriptive (frequency table, frequency, and charts) and inferential statistics (independent t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient). The results indicated that emotional intelligence and academic achievement were significantly correlated. Moreover, there was a significant and positive relationship between creativity and academic achievement. Additionally, no significant difference was found between males and females considering their academic achievement.

Athletic Participation and Academic Achievement of High School Students: A Longitudinal Study of Athletic and Non-Athletic Participants

The majority of extant research studies have established that high school students’athletic participation is positively associated with several educational outcomes,including academic performance.However,the effect of long-term athletic participation on academic performance remains unclear.Using a longitudinal data of 220 students from a high school in eastern Massachusetts of the United States,this study has revealed that athletic participants in this school started with a statistically significant higher GPA than non-participants in the first year of study,and have continued to be higher in the following two years,lag behind significantly,however,in academic achievement growth from their nonparticipation counterparts.The results of the study call for thoughtful decision-making regarding sports programs and athletic policies,proper guidance and adequate support for athletes and an optimal sport-academic culture in American high schools.

Effects of hand clasping and arm folding on academic performance

BACKGROUND：Similar to handedness, hand clasping and arm folding are also lateral preferences. Previous studies showed a variation frequency for hand clasping and arm folding among different populations. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the relationship between patterns of lateral preferences （hand clasping or arm folding） and academic performance of middle school students. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTINGS： Cross-sectional investigation. The data were collected in the Beijing Zhongguancun High School in Beijing in May 2007. Data analysis was performed in the State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University during June to July 2007. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 102 senior-grade students from Beijing Zhongguancun High School, including 58 males and 44 females, were selected for this study. METHODS： Different forms of hand clasping and arm folding were recorded. More specifically, hand clasping was either right-thumb-top or left-thumb-top, and arm folding was either right-arm-top or left-arm-top. Students with congruent preference used right-thumb-top-right-arm-top or left-thumb-top-left-arm-top, and incongruent preference was displayed by right-thumb-top-left-arm-top or left-thumb-top-right-arm-top. Academic performances were collected from midterm exams in six subjects （Chinese, Mathematics, English, Physics, Chemistry, and Biology）, with a total points = 100 for each. A three-way （hand clasping, arm folding, and sex） ANOVA was performed to determine the effect on academic performances. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The relationship between hand clasping, arm folding, sex, and academic performance of students. RESULTS： （1） There was no significant difference in distribution frequency between right-thumb-top and left-thumb-top （P 〉 0.05）, or between right-arm-top and left-arm-top （P 〉 0.05）. The distribution frequency difference between boys and girls was not significant for any subtype （P 〉 0.05）. （2） hand clasping had no significant main effect on any of the six subjects （P 〉 0.05）. The right-arm-top students received significantly higher points in Chinese, Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, compared with the left-arm-top students （P 〈 0.05）. A significant sexual difference was detected in academic performance in Chinese and English; girls had higher scores than the boys （P 〈 0.05）. The students with congruent preference scored higher in English, compared with those with incongruent preference （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： The arm folding form of lateral preference had a significant effect on academic performance of middle school students, implying that this human laterality index is of great functional importance.

Influence of physical self and mindfulness on the academic possible selves of freshman nursing students

Objective:The purposes of this study were to investigate the general level of the mindfulness,physical self,and academic possible selves in the freshman nursing students,and to explore the relationship among the three variables,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the freshmen to improve their academic achievement on the basis of the correct understanding of the physical self.Methods:A total of 360 freshman nursing students were enrolled in this study from a medical school in Yantai City.Data were collected using three questionnaires:Body Self-description Questionnaire,Five Factors Mindfulness Questionnaire,and Academic Possible Selves Questionnaire.There were 341 valid questionnaires.Results:The mindfulness of the freshmen nursing students was at a medium level(3.03±0.28),their attitude to physical self(3.66±0.58)and academic possible selves(3.33±0.50)were positive.There were significant gender differences among coordination,physical activity,athletic ability,strength,endurance,observation,non-response,total physical self-score,and negative future academic possible selves.In the above factors,except negative future academic possible selves,the scores for boys were higher than that for girls(all P<0.05).There were significant positive relationships between physical self,mindfulness,and academic possible selves.Self-esteem,acting with awareness,endurance,and description were effective positive predictors of the academic possible selves,with a total explanation rate of 33.6%.Conclusion:There were close relationships among the physical self,the level of mindfulness,and the academic possible selves.Positive physical self-description and high level of mindfulness could help individuals develop a positive attitude toward their academic possible selves.

Meeting 24-h Movement Guidelines is Related to Better Academic Achievement:Findings from the YRBS 2019 Cycle

This research is designed to investigate the relationship between the 24-h movement guidelines(24-HMG)and self-reported academic achievement(AA)using nationally representative data derived from the 2019 U.S.National Youth Risk Behaviour Survey.A multiple-stage cluster sampling procedure has been adopted to ensure a representative sample(N=9127 adolescents;mean age=15.7 years old;male%=49.8%).Logistic regression has been adopted to obtain the odds ratio(OR)regarding the associations between adherence to 24-HMG and AA while controlling for ethnicity,body mass index,sex and age.The prevalence of meeting the 24-h movement guidelines in isolation and combination varied greatly(physical activity=23.3%,screen time=32.5%,sleep=22.3%,and 24-HMG=2.8%),while the percentage of highest-class AA was 42.5%.Compared with the situation when none of 24-HMG is met,the achievement of any of the combined guidelines(except for meeting the physical activity guidelines)was significantly associated with higher odds of achieving first-class AA.Meeting the sleep guideline had 1.42 times increased likelihood to achieve highest-class AA as compared with not meeting the sleep guideline.Meeting screen time guidelines and physical activity guidelines,respectively,were 1.32 and 1.13 times more likely to report first-class AA;but meeting the guidelines of physical activity was not significantly related to AA.Meeting the 24-HMG had the highest odds of achieving first-class AA(OR=2.01,95%CI:1.47-2.73).In both sexes,adolescents who met 24-HMG self-reported better AA(boys OR=2.05,95%CI:1.34-3.15;girls OR=2.26,95%CI:1.36-3.76).Significant relationships were observed in adolescents from 9-10th grade,but not higher grades.Our research findings suggest that optimal movement behaviours can be seen as an important element to better academic achievement among U.S.adolescents.Future studies can adopt our discoveries to promote adolescents’academic achievement through implementing optimal 24-h movement behaviour patterns.

Non-School Day Catch-Up Sleep among Pupils in Japan

Backgrounds: Weekend catch-up sleep is the difference in sleep duration between the weekend and weekdays, and reflects sleep debt, whose significance is hypothesized to be altered by weekday sleep duration. This study aimed to assess this hypothesis. Methods: Multiple-comparison tests and multiple-regression analyses were conducted on questionnaires asking various lifestyle habits obtained from 2722 pupils in grades 5 to 12 and stratified by groups of pupils with shorter (≤7 hours) or longer (>7 hours) sleep duration on the nights before schooldays. Results: The percentage of pupils in negative non-school day catch-up sleep category was 6.6%, whereas that in non-school day catch-up sleep > 2 hours was 14.4%. In comparison with the reference category (non-school day catch-up sleep of zero), multiple comparison tests on lifestyle habits revealed significantly longer screen time in the shorter sleep-duration group of pupils with negative non-school day catch-up sleep and those with non-school day catch-up sleep > 2 hours. This analysis also demonstrated a significantly longer screen time in the longer sleep-duration group of pupils with non-school day catch-up sleep > 2 hours. Physical activity in pupils with negative non-school day catch-up sleep in the longer sleep-duration group was significantly longer, while that in pupils with non-school day catch-up sleep > 2 hours in the shorter sleep-duration group was significantly shorter. In the longer sleep-duration group, pupils with non-school day catch-up sleep > 2 hours showed poorer academic performance. Multiple regression analysis revealed that longer physical and after-school activities were significantly associated with non-school day catch-up sleep decrease in both the study groups. In the longer sleep-duration group, male gender, shorter screen time, and higher standardized body mass index were significantly associated with decreased non-school day catch-up sleep. Conclusions: Sleep duration before school days contributed differently to the non-school day catch-up sleep evaluation.

俄国文学研究的中国学派:可能性与路径——2023年俄罗斯文学研究分会年会主旨发言

建构俄国文学研究的中国学派是新时期我国斯拉夫学者面临的迫切任务。本文作者2015年萌生创建俄国文学研究中国学派之愿景,后借助课题申报、学术研讨会、讲座、论文发表等多种方式进一步探讨过创建这一学派的可能性与路径。本文是作者此类思考的最新表述之一,作者认为,中国的俄国文学研究具有悠久的历史传统、丰厚的学术遗产、完备的研究体系和齐整的人才队伍,我们在当下应充分利用好这些来之不易的条件以及千载难逢的学术机遇,在国家出台《面向2035高校哲学社会科学高质量发展行动计划》的语境中,从优化学科体系、完善学术体系、凸显话语体系三个方面着手,致力于建构俄国文学研究的中国学派。

浙派中医治疗痛经经验整理

[目的]总结1911年前浙派中医治疗痛经的经验,探究其特色。[方法]对浙派中医古籍文献中有关痛经的论述、病案等进行摘录整理,总结痛经病机及治疗特色。[结果]浙派中医治疗痛经以“气血失调”为主要病机,提倡以寒热虚实为纲的气血辨证法,从月经有无先后失期、经血色量如何、痛在经行前后三方面进行辨证。文献所记载的痛经证型共8种,分别为血气虚证、血虚有滞证、血虚有寒证、血虚有热证、冲任不足证、肝气郁滞证、气滞血瘀证、寒凝血瘀证,以“温通清化、调和血气”为治则。浙派中医发扬命门学说,擅用温药,记载痛经要药10味,分别为凌霄花、白芍、马鞭草、玄胡、京三棱、鹿角、阳起石、白头翁根、莲房、荷叶。[结论]浙派中医治疗痛经从“气血”立论,“温补”“清化”以治本,“调畅气血”为根本,以辨证论治、治病求本为宗。

软件工程学术型硕士研究生培养方案优化与实践

在智能化时代背景下对高水平软件人才培养方案进行优化与实践,提升学术型硕士研究生综合能力以应对智能化时代日益复杂的现实问题,从而满足软件研发对人才能力和素质的要求。通过优化培养方案,构建人工智能与软件工程学科相结合的课程新体系,将科技项目研究融汇于研究生培养过程中;强化培养重点环节的管理与考核,促进研究生的学术成果产出,突出学校育人特色;亟需明确软件工程学科建设目标、改进人才培养方案、合理设置课程、与科研项目相结合,使得学科成果可满足软件领域卓越人才培养的需求。

基于“社-校-家-生”四维的大学生学业预警影响因素相关性分析——以安徽中医药大学中西医临床医学专业为例

通过回归分析探讨“社-校-家-生”四维影响因素对学业预警机制的相关性,对安徽中医药大学中西医临床医学专业的421名学生展开调研,采用主成分分析法,建立多因素回归分析模型。建立模型后,发现其中影响最大的五方面因素分别是家庭、课外活动、学习基础、人际关系、就业情况。其中,重要性分析中,父母最高文化水平、生活费/月、挂科数目、户籍所在地、担任班委、辅导员联系家长情况排序前六。通过对四维因素进行逐步回归分析与交互分析,发现对学业预警影响最为显著的为家庭因素和学校因素,且两者不存在交互关系。基于回归分析结果显示对学业成绩影响的主要因素为家庭因素、学校因素,其中家庭维度方面主要是生活费/月、户籍所在地起主要作用,与学业成绩呈负相关,学校维度层面主要是辅导员与家长的联系情况以及相关制度的制定与开展影响较大,与学业成绩呈正相关。

学理·现实·未来:退役优秀运动员转型学校教练员的三重逻辑研究

学校教练员岗位的设置是深化体教融合、着力提升学校体育师资力量,有效促进青少年身心健康和全面发展的重要举措,同时为退役优秀运动员转型学校教练员,“反哺”体育事业发展提供机遇和平台。从学理层面出发,探究了学校教练员岗位设置的理论基石和逻辑机理,立足现实层面,从供给侧和需求侧两个层面梳理了退役优秀运动员与学校面临的挑战和窘境,认为:学校教练员岗位的需求侧与退役优秀运动员的供给侧存在“错位”。展望未来提出:数字赋能,订单式培养,确保高质量供给;深化体教融合,退役不退“学”,退役不退“训”,提升退役优秀运动员职业能力;政策赋能,充分利用政策张力,筑牢职业保障是消解“错位”的关键所在。

分层教学对中小学生学业表现的影响研究——基于国内47篇64项实证研究的元分析

分层教学是因材施教的实践形式,广泛应用于中小学课堂教学.众多学者对分层教学的效果进行了研究,但结论不统一.为此,文章运用元分析方法,探讨分层教学与中小学生学业表现之间的关系.研究发现分层教学对中小学生学业表现有中等正向影响,学科领域对中小学生学业表现起调节作用,学段、干预时间、分组和分层方式对中小学生学业表现不起调节作用.为了更大程度地挖掘分层教学在提升中小学生学业表现方面的价值,文章结合上述研究结论,提出有效开展分层教学的建议.

哪些准备有力量?——家庭入学准备、儿童学习品质与一年级学业成就关系的追踪研究

在科学做好幼小衔接的背景下,家长和儿童面临如何做好入学准备的难题。广义上,家庭入学准备和儿童学习品质都属于入学准备的要素,对幼小顺利衔接和过渡有重要价值。文章通过对292名小学生的追踪调查,考察家庭入学准备、儿童学习品质与儿童一年级学业成就的关系。研究发现,家庭入学准备较为充分,家庭身心准备和家庭学习准备维度得分较高,且家庭入学准备与一年级上学期平时语文测验、下学期语文期末测验成绩显著相关;儿童学习品质整体表现良好,胜任动机、专注力、学习策略维度同一年级语文、数学的多次平时测验和期末成绩显著相关;儿童的专注力对一年级入学初语文测验成绩有显著正向的预测力,儿童的学习策略对一年级入学初数学测验表现有显著正向的预测力,而家庭入学准备的回归系数均不显著;学习品质在一年级上学期语文平时四测和下学期期末语文测验之间的调节效应显著,有助于提高语文平时四测对下学期期末语文测验的正向预测力。以上结果为落实“双减”政策提供了实证支撑,建议加强多方协同,形成衔接共育的良好生态;注重整体准备,树立为终身学习而准备的意识;培育学习品质,助力入学适应提质增效。

羞怯对初中生学业拖延的影响:教师期望知觉与自我价值感的中介作用

为考察羞怯与学业拖延的关系,采用问卷法对920名初中生进行测查。结果发现:(1)羞怯与初中生学业拖延显著正相关,与教师期望知觉、自我价值感显著负相关;教师期望知觉与自我价值感显著正相关,且两者均与学业拖延显著负相关。(2)羞怯不仅可以直接影响初中生学业拖延,还可以通过教师期望知觉和自我价值感的单独中介与链式中介对学业拖延产生影响。

信阳市小学4~6年级儿童心理健康状况与校园欺凌、学业压力的关系

目的:研究信阳市小学4~6年级儿童心理健康状况与校园欺凌、学业压力的关系,为改善儿童心理健康状况提供实证依据。方法:从信阳市抽取6所小学4~6年级儿童1736名为调查对象,采用儿童少年心理健康问卷(Mental Health Scale for Child and Adolescent,MHS-CA)、特拉华欺凌受害量表(学生版)(Delaware Bullying Victimization Scale-Student,DBVS-S)、小学生学习压力问卷进行调查,采用回归分析考察变量之间的关系。结果:①单因素分析显示,男生的MHS-CA评分、学业压力评分高于女生,DBVS-S评分低于女生(P<0.01);城区学生的MHS-CA评分、学业压力评分高于农村,DBVS-S评分低于农村(P<0.001);独生子女的MHS-CA评分、学业压力评分高于非独生子女(P<0.001);汉族学生的学业压力评分高于少数民族,DBVS-S评分低于少数民族(P<0.001);贫困家庭学生的DBVS-S评分高于非贫困家庭,学业压力评分、MHS-CA评分低于非贫困家庭(P<0.001);双亲家庭学生的MHS-CA评分高于单亲或其他家庭,DBVS-S评分低于单亲或其他家庭(P<0.001);留守学生的DBVS-S评分高于非留守学生,MHS-CA评分低于非留守学生(P<0.001);不同年级学生的MHS-CA评分、DBVS-S评分、学业压力评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。②Pearson相关分析法显示,小学生心理健康与校园欺凌、学业压力呈负相关(P<0.05)。③多重线性回归分析发现,影响小学生心理健康状况的因素有家庭经济状况、家庭类型、校园欺凌、学业压力、是否为独生子女、有无留守经历(P<0.05)。结论:生源地为农村、单亲或其他家庭、家庭贫困、非独生子女、有留守经历的4~6年级儿童心理健康状况较差,且与校园欺凌、学业压力有关。

新安医家程樑《引经证医》学术思想探析

程樑是清代著名新安医家,沉于经典,勤于临床,将所思、所感系统整理、总结,于1873年著成《引经证医》。文章从该书医学理论体系构建的角度出发,探寻其学术思想,包括阴阳四时五行,构建哲学基础;独重脾胃,明确藏象核心;详论六气,阐发病因病机;形色脉参,形成综合诊断;内外同治,展现多元治疗等五个方面。《引经证医》论理明晰,以经典理论为指归,临证圆活,以审机施治为目标,是理论结合实际的尚佳范例,其学术思想值得后来者研究与学习。

“发明学术”:民国时期《历史语言研究所集刊》与史语所学派的建构

民国时期中央研究院历史语言研究所代表了中国学术由传统走向现代的典范。《历史语言研究所集刊》以“发明学术”为定位,通过征稿、审稿等制度提升学术论文的质量,着力打造学术重心,注重培养学术后备军,推动了史语所学人的代际转换。因此,《集刊》可谓为建构史语所学派的主要阵地之一。

章氏伤科传承脉络及“和合”思想渊源探析

[目的]探析浙派中医章氏伤科传承脉络及“和合”思想的渊源,总结其学术特色,丰富和发展章氏伤科理论内涵。[方法]通过走访章氏伤科后人及传承人,搜集整理其现存手稿、验案等文献,查阅古代相关伤科医著,凝练总结其学术思想及特色。[结果]章氏伤科秉承道家文化之琼浆,汲取儒家思想之精华,上承佛家正骨之要术,中继民间疗法之特长,结合现代医学之技术,潜心医道两百年,济世情怀代相承,形成了以“和合”思想为核心,整体辨证、杂合以治、气血平调、筋骨互用、动静互补、防治结合、形神合一等理论体系为特色的中医骨伤学术流派。[结论]章氏伤科博采众长,守正创新,中西并重,形成了一套完整、独特的“和合”理论体系,总结其学术特色,对充实浙派中医骨伤流派学术内涵,推动中华民族“和合”文化建设,具有重要意义。