Decisive Factors of Conidia Release of Botryosphaeria berengeriana during Growing Season

[ Objective ] The study aimed to explore the release conditions for the conidia of Botryosphaena berengeriana and understand the release dynamic of conidia. [Method] The systematical survey on the release conditions for the conidia of B. berengeriana were conducted in two growing seasons in 2008 and 2009, combined with the collection of meteorological data around conidia release period, the weather conditions causing large amount release of B. berengedana were analyzed. [ Result] During a growing season, the conidia of pathogen appeared several large release peaks. Under the suitable temperature, when the precipitation lasted for 4 h, the conidia of B. berengeriana began to release with large amount, the amount of conidia reached the peak after release and trended to be stable during 4 - 12 h, which significantly reduced after 24 h, tended to dis- appear after 36 h, and completely disappeared after 72 h. [Conclusion] The dominant factor affecting B. berengeriana conidia release in large a- mount was precipitation, while the lasting time of precipitation played a decisive role.

The Prospects of Rural Tourism Development in the Continental Touristic Region of Croatia： A Survey Conducted Among Younger and More Educated Respondents

The paper represents a product of mentor-graduate student cooperation, developed at the graduate study of Business Economics, major Tourism. The destinations and types of tourism are listed that exist in this area but also have room for improvement and further development. The goal is to prolong the season and not only focus on the coastal part of Croatia, following the examples of neighboring countries. The final goal of the research is to examine the behavior and opinion that participants have about Croatian tourism, what are their preferences when it comes to the choice of destination, on what grounds, how much are they familiar with rural tourism offer, and whether they think that further development would be crucial for rural tourism improvement. The research was conducted through a questionnaire on 203 respondents residing in the Republic of Croatia.

An Energy-Aware Routing Protocol Based on Effective Transmission in Sensor Networks

In order to minimize the energy consumption in the discovery of the routing path, this paper introduces a novel concept of effective transmission （ET） that ensures each forwarding node is not only farther from the source node, but also nearer to the destination node with respect to its sender, An energ-aware routing protocol based on ET is proposed. It enables the energy consumption for each hop to be the least for the transmission. The simulation results show the routing protocol is effective in the performance of energy consumption comparing with some other routing protocols.

Trust routing algorithm based on multiple decision factor theory in OSPF protocol

This paper presents a novel trust model based on multiple decision factor theory （MDFT） and a trust routing algorithm based on MDFT to exactly evaluate routing node trust and establish a trustworthy routing path. MDFT integrates four dimensional trust decision factors including behavior, state, recommend and node liveness to realize an exactly finer-grained trust evaluation. On the basis of MDFT, a trust routing algorithm is presented and validated in open shortest path first （OSPF） protocol. Simulation resuRs show that the algorithm can reflect the routing node trust accurately and has better dynamic response ability. Under the circumstance of existing deceptive nodes, the algorithm has better anti-deception performance and higher attack node detection rate than conventional algorithm.