Influence of decorative materials on cooling load of residential apartments

The influence of a polyvinyl chloride（PVC）-panel on the cooling load of a residential apartment in Mashad,Iran,is analyzed by the DeST-h software.And the summer natural ventilation of the residential apartment is investigated to determine the wind speed into the apartment through the computational fluid dynamics software.The evaluation results of the indoor wind velocity show that most parts of the apartment are comfortable.The cooling load of the penthouse can be decreased about 10.5% or 6.5% when an air layer exists or does not exist between the ceiling and the PVC-panel,respectively,indicating that the existence of the air layer can decrease the cooling load.However,the effect of the increase in the air layer＇s thickness on the decrease in the cooling load is obvious.Adding a thin layer of air between the ceiling and the PVC-panel is a good step toward sustainable buildings.

INFLUENCE OF ZnO AND BaO CONTENTS ON SINTERING AND CRYSTALLIZATION OF GLASSCERAMIC DECORATIVE MATERIALS

In this paper ,the influence of ZnO and BaO contents on sintering and crystallization of decorative materi-al in the system of CaO-Al2O3-SiO2wwas studied. The opti-mum ZnO 9 BaO contents and sintering or crystallization tem-perature for the glass-ceramic were determined.

A survey of decorative materials on the energy consumption of mid-rise residential buildings in Mashad,Iran

Polyvinylchloride(PVC)panel is one of the most favorite decorative materials that has been popularly applied as finishing of ceiling in residential buildings.It is about five years that the people incline to redecorate the ceiling of old buildings with PVC panel in big cities of Iran,such as Mashad.In this study,the influence of ceiling PVC panel on the cooling and heating loads of studied apartment were determined by software DeST-h.In addition,the summer natural ventilation of the mentioned apartment is investigated by determining the wind speed into the apartment through the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)software.The evaluation of environment indoor wind velocity showed that most of the apartment space is a comfortable zone.The results of studied building analyses demonstrated that using PVC panel on the ceiling can decline the energy consumption of the penthouse(fifth level)of the investigated building,which is about 3.7%and 7%for studied methods of without and with air layer,respectively.In addition,although the existence of air layer can decline the cooling and heating loads,the increase in air layer thickness did not show significant decrease on building energy consumption.However,the PVC panel is expensive and is not suitable to be used for ceiling thermal insulation,but adding a thin layer of air between ceiling and PVC panel can be a good step toward sustainable building,when the people are inclined to utilize it as a decorative ceiling.

The Selection and Application of Non-Conventional Decoration Materials in Indoor Design

In indoor design innovation, the material role can not be ignored. In indoor design, using non-conventional decoration materials can make space more personalized and charming. This is one of the material innovation modes and also one of the indoor design innovation modes. The design method should obtain more attention.

An Experimental Investigation about the Levels of PM_(2.5) and Formaldehyde Pollutants inside an Office

PM_(2.5) and formaldehyde are two main indoor pollutants potentially threatening the health of human beings.In this paper,the concentrations of PM_(2.5) and formaldehyde inside an office were measured under different conditions.The effects of temperature on the formaldehyde originating from the decoration materials,including flooring,gypsum powder,joint mixture and corestock,were also assessed.The results show that window ventilation can produce the same PM_(2.5) purification as an air cleaner.The concentration of formaldehyde released from the decoration materials is highly correlated to the indoor temperature,but it is not significantly influenced by humidity.In particular,the percentage of formaldehyde grows approximately linearly with the increase in the heating temperature.The importance of the different sources responsible for the release of formaldehyde is as follows:joint mixture,gypsum powder,corestock and flooring.The concentration of released formaldehyde from the four decoration materials was found to vary from 0.08 ppm to 0.4 ppm when the heating temperature was increased from 16℃ to 30℃.