Tunnelling performance prediction of cantilever boring machine in sedimentary hard-rock tunnel using deep belief network

Evaluating the adaptability of cantilever boring machine(CBM) through in-depth excavation and analysis of tunnel excavation data and rock mass parameters is the premise of mechanical design and efficient excavation in the field of underground space engineering.This paper presented a case study of tunnelling performance prediction method of CBM in sedimentary hard-rock tunnel of Karst landform type by using tunneling data and surrounding rock parameters.The uniaxial compressive strength(UCS),rock integrity factor(Kv),basic quality index([BQ]),rock quality index RQD,brazilian tensile strength(BTS) and brittleness index(BI) were introduced to construct a performance prediction database based on the hard-rock tunnel of Guiyang Metro Line 1 and Line 3,and then established the performance prediction model of cantilever boring machine.Then the deep belief network(DBN) was introduced into the performance prediction model,and the reliability of performance prediction model was verified by combining with engineering data.The study showed that the influence degree of surrounding rock parameters on the tunneling performance of the cantilever boring machine is UCS > [BQ] > BTS >RQD > Kv > BI.The performance prediction model shows that the instantaneous cutting rate(ICR) has a good correlation with the surrounding rock parameters,and the predicting model accuracy is related to the reliability of construction data.The prediction of limestone and dolomite sections of Line 3 based on the DBN performance prediction model shows that the measured ICR and predicted ICR is consistent and the built performance prediction model is reliable.The research results have theoretical reference significance for the applicability analysis and mechanical selection of cantilever boring machine for hard rock tunnel.

Flash flood susceptibility mapping using a novel deep learning model based on deep belief network,back propagation and genetic algorithm

Flash floods are responsible for loss of life and considerable property damage in many countries.Flood susceptibility maps contribute to flood risk reduction in areas that are prone to this hazard if appropriately used by landuse planners and emergency managers.The main objective of this study is to prepare an accurate flood susceptibility map for the Haraz watershed in Iran using a novel modeling approach(DBPGA)based on Deep Belief Network(DBN)with Back Propagation(BP)algorithm optimized by the Genetic Algorithm(GA).For this task,a database comprising ten conditioning factors and 194 flood locations was created using the One-R Attribute Evaluation(ORAE)technique.Various well-known machine learning and optimization algorithms were used as benchmarks to compare the prediction accuracy of the proposed model.Statistical metrics include sensitivity,specificity accuracy,root mean square error(RMSE),and area under the receiver operatic characteristic curve(AUC)were used to assess the validity of the proposed model.The result shows that the proposed model has the highest goodness-of-fit(AUC=0.989)and prediction accuracy(AUC=0.985),and based on the validation dataset it outperforms benchmark models including LR(0.885),LMT(0.934),BLR(0.936),ADT(0.976),NBT(0.974),REPTree(0.811),ANFIS-BAT(0.944),ANFIS-CA(0.921),ANFIS-IWO(0.939),ANFIS-ICA(0.947),and ANFIS-FA(0.917).We conclude that the DBPGA model is an excellent alternative tool for predicting flash flood susceptibility for other regions prone to flash floods.

A Real-Time and Ubiquitous Network Attack Detection Based on Deep Belief Network and Support Vector Machine

In recent years, network traffic data have become larger and more complex, leading to higher possibilities of network intrusion. Traditional intrusion detection methods face difficulty in processing high-speed network data and cannot detect currently unknown attacks. Therefore, this paper proposes a network attack detection method combining a flow calculation and deep learning. The method consists of two parts: a real-time detection algorithm based on flow calculations and frequent patterns and a classification algorithm based on the deep belief network and support vector machine(DBN-SVM). Sliding window(SW) stream data processing enables real-time detection, and the DBN-SVM algorithm can improve classification accuracy. Finally, to verify the proposed method, a system is implemented.Based on the CICIDS2017 open source data set, a series of comparative experiments are conducted. The method's real-time detection efficiency is higher than that of traditional machine learning algorithms. The attack classification accuracy is 0.7 percentage points higher than that of a DBN, which is 2 percentage points higher than that of the integrated algorithm boosting and bagging methods. Hence, it is suitable for the real-time detection of high-speed network intrusions.

基于DBN的液压泵劣化程度评估方法研究

针对轴向柱塞泵中心弹簧失效故障难以有效评估的问题,提出一种基于梅尔频率倒谱系数(MFCC)和深度信念神经网络(DBN)的液压泵劣化程度评估方法。对现场采集的正常数据和3种不同程度中心弹簧失效故障的液压泵振动信号进行信号预处理,包括预加重、分帧和加窗等;对预处理后的信号进行快速傅里叶变换(FFT),得到其频率谱和功率谱,然后让其通过Mel滤波器组,得到信号的对数能量;最后对对数能量进行离散余弦变换,得到信号的倒谱系数和一阶差分系数,并以此构成特征向量。基于DBN方法搭建深度学习模型,对特征向量进行学习,将测试样本导入深度学习模型,对中心弹簧失效程度进行评估,并将倒谱系数和一阶差分系数的识别结果进行对比。结果表明:当选择倒谱系数为特征向量时,具有较高的识别精度,能够有效识别轴向柱塞泵中心弹簧的性能劣化程度。

Multi-channel electromyography pattern classification using deep belief networks for enhanced user experience

An enhanced algorithm is proposed to recognize multi-channel electromyography(EMG) patterns using deep belief networks(DBNs). It is difficult to classify the EMG features because an EMG signal has nonlinear and time-varying characteristics.Therefore, in several previous studies, various machine-learning methods have been applied. A DBN is a fast, greedy learning algorithm that can find a fairly good set of weights rapidly, even in deep networks with a large number of parameters and many hidden layers. To evaluate this model, we acquired EMG signals, extracted their features, and then compared the model with the DBN and other conventional classifiers. The accuracy of the DBN is higher than that of the other algorithms. The classification performance of the DBN model designed is approximately 88.60%. It is 7.55%(p=9.82×10-12) higher than linear discriminant analysis(LDA) and 2.89%(p=1.94×10-5) higher than support vector machine(SVM). Further, the DBN is better than shallow learning algorithms or back propagation(BP), and this model is effective for an EMG-based user-interfaced system.

基于DBN-ELM的构网型并网逆变器控制参数自适应调整方法

“双高”电力系统中电网阻抗呈现宽范围时变特性,构网型并网逆变器控制参数缺乏自适应调整能力,存在失稳风险。对此,提出一种基于深度置信网络-极限学习机的构网型并网逆变器控制参数自适应调整方法。建立闭环极点映射模型,利用深层架构对控制参数与关键极点之间的映射关系进行训练;通过训练好的闭环极点映射模型预测得到相应的关键极点,识别出关键极点最接近参考极点时构网型并网逆变器的控制参数;通过自适应调整控制参数,确保系统在电网阻抗变化时跟踪参考极点,实现自适应稳定控制。理论分析和仿真结果均表明,所提方法能够实现控制参数的自适应调整,有效提高构网型并网逆变器对电网阻抗变化的适应性。

基于PSO-DBN的配电网可靠性分析研究

为解决缺失数据等条件下配电网的可靠性评估问题,针对配电网可靠性评估时存在评估效果差、计算量大、执行效率低等情况,基于粒子群优化-深度信念网络(PSO-DBN)对配电网可靠性进行分析。首先,设计了基于生成对抗网络(GAN)的电力数据增强模型,从而改善电力数据缺失和不平衡等问题。其次,建立了结合深度信念网络(DBN)和粒子群优化(PSO)模型的优化学习网络,从而得到更准确的配电网可靠性分析结果。以IEEE39电力节点系统为基础,对所提模型进行仿真与分析。仿真结果表明,所提模型性能最优。该研究能够为配电网可靠性评估、管理及稳定运行提供借鉴。

基于WPT-ARO-DBN/WPT-EPO-DBN模型的月含沙量多步预测

准确的含沙量多步预测对于区域水土流失治理、防洪减灾等具有重要意义。为提高含沙量多步预测精度,改进深度信念网络(DBN)的预测性能,基于小波包变换(WPT),分别提出人工兔优化(ARO)算法、鹰栖息优化(EPO)算法与DBN组合的月含沙量多步预测模型,通过云南省龙潭站月含沙量时序数据对模型进行验证。首先利用WPT对实例月含沙量时序数据进行3层分解处理,得到8个更具规律的子序列分量;其次介绍ARO、EPO算法原理,利用ARO、EPO对DBN隐藏层神经元数等超参数进行寻优,建立WPT-ARO-DBN、WPT-EPO-DBN预测模型,并构建WPT-PSO(粒子群算法)-DBN、WPT-DBN作对比分析模型;最后利用4种模型对各子序列分量进行预测,将预测值叠加得到最终月含沙量多步预测结果。结果表明:(1)WPT-ARO-DBN、WPT-EPO-DBN模型对实例超前1步—超前4步月含沙量具有满意的预测效果,对超前5步具有较好的预测结果,对超前6步、超前7步的预测效果一般,对超前8步的预测精度较差,已不能满足预测精度需求;(2)WPT-ARO-DBN、WPT-EPO-DBN模型的多步预测效果要优于WPT-PSO-DBN模型,远优于WPT-DBN模型,具有更高的预测精度、更好的泛化能力和更大的预测步长;(3)ARO、EPO能有效优化DBN超参数,提高DBN预测性能,优化效果优于PSO,WPT-ARO-DBN、WPT-EPO-DBN模型能充分发挥WPT、新型群体智能算法和DBN网络优势,提高月含沙量多步预测精度,且预测精度随着预测步数的增加而降低。

基于Deep Belief Nets的中文名实体关系抽取

关系抽取是信息抽取的一项子任务,用以识别文本中实体之间的语义关系.提出一种利用DBN(deepbelief nets)模型进行基于特征的实体关系抽取方法,该模型是由多层无监督的RBM(restricted Boltzmann machine)网络和一层有监督的BP(back-propagation)网络组成的神经网络分类器.RBM网络以确保特征向量映射达到最优,最后一层BP网络分类RBM网络的输出特征向量,从而训练实体关系分类器.在ACE04语料上进行的相关测试,一方面证明了字特征比词特征更适用于中文关系抽取任务;另一方面设计了3组不同的实验,分别使用正确的实体类别信息、通过实体类型分类器得到实体类型信息和不使用实体类型信息,用以比较实体类型信息对关系抽取效果的影响.实验结果表明,DBN非常适用于基于高维空间特征的信息抽取任务,获得的效果比SVM和反向传播网络更好.

基于MVMD-CapSA-DBN的工业多元负荷分类研究

针对多元电力负荷数据时间序列非平稳性、时序相关性和非线性等特性,为掌握电力负荷的变化规律和发展趋势,实现对电力负荷的科学管理,将工业多元负荷有功功率作为原始数据,提出MVMD-CapSA-DBN负荷分类模型.首先,利用改进停止准则的变分模态分解(Variational Mode Decomposition,VMD)将数据分解,得到较为平稳的多个数据分量;之后,提取各分量能量值作为特征;最后,将0~1标准化的数据作为特征向量,输入经卷尾猴搜索算法(Capuchin Search Algorithm,CapSA)优化参数后的深度置信网络(Deep Belief Nets,DBN)信号分类.实验证明,可实现对工业多元负荷数据的有效分类,整体准确率在88.89%左右,部分负荷分类准确率可达100%.

Modeling spatio-temporal distribution of soil moisture by deep learning-based cellular automata model

Soil moisture content （SMC） is a key hydrological parameter in agriculture,meteorology and climate change,and understanding of spatio-temporal distributions of SMC in farmlands is important to address the precise irrigation scheduling.However,the hybrid interaction of static and dynamic environmental parameters makes it particularly difficult to accurately and reliably model the distribution of SMC.At present,deep learning wins numerous contests in machine learning and hence deep belief network （DBN） ,a breakthrough in deep learning is trained to extract the transition functions for the simulation of the cell state changes.In this study,we used a novel macroscopic cellular automata （MCA） model by combining DBN to predict the SMC over an irrigated corn field （an area of 22 km^2） in the Zhangye oasis,Northwest China.Static and dynamic environmental variables were prepared with regard to the complex hydrological processes.The widely used neural network,multi-layer perceptron （MLP） ,was utilized for comparison to DBN.The hybrid models （MLP-MCA and DBN-MCA） were calibrated and validated on SMC data within four months,i.e.June to September 2012,which were automatically observed by a wireless sensor network （WSN） .Compared with MLP-MCA,the DBN-MCA model led to a decrease in root mean squared error （RMSE） by 18%.Thus,the differences of prediction errors increased due to the propagating errors of variables,difficulties of knowing soil properties and recording irrigation amount in practice.The sequential Gaussian simulation （s Gs） was performed to assess the uncertainty of soil moisture estimations.Calculated with a threshold of SMC for each grid cell,the local uncertainty of simulated results in the post processing suggested that the probability of SMC less than 25% will be difference in different areas at different time periods.The current results showed that the DBN-MCA model performs better than the MLP-MCA model,and the DBN-MCA model provides a powerful tool for predicting SMC in highly non-linear forms.Moreover,because modeling soil moisture by using environmental variables is gaining increasing popularity,DBN techniques could contribute a lot to enhancing the calibration of MCA-based SMC estimations and hence provide an alternative approach for SMC monitoring in irrigation systems on the basis of canals.

基于VMD-ARIMA-DBN的短期电力负荷预测

针对短期电力负荷预测精度不足的问题,提出一种基于变分模态分解、深度信念网络、差分自回归移动平均模型的组合预测模型。首先选取电力负荷影响较大的相关参数,采用变分模态分解将负荷数据分解为低频和高频两种分量;然后利用差分自回归移动平均模型和深度信念网络分别对低频和高频两种分量进行预测,为克服深度信念网络参数随机化的缺陷,采用粒子群优化算法优化模型以进一步提高精度;最后组合各模型结果得到最终预测值。实验结果表明,该组合模型较其他模型具有更好的预测性能。

HUID:DBN-Based Fingerprint Localization and Tracking System with Hybrid UWB and IMU

High-precision localization technology is attracting widespread attention in harsh indoor environments.In this paper,we present a fingerprint localization and tracking system to estimate the locations of the tag based on a deep belief network(DBN).In this system,we propose using coefficients as fingerprints to combine the ultra-wideband(UWB)and inertial measurement unit(IMU)estimation linearly,termed as a HUID system.In particular,the fingerprints are trained by a DBN and estimated by a radial basis function(RBF).However,UWB-based estimation via a trilateral method is severely affected by the non-line-of-sight(NLoS)problem,which limits the localization precision.To tackle this problem,we adopt the random forest classifier to identify line-of-sight(LoS)and NLoS conditions.Then,we adopt the random forest regressor to mitigate ranging errors based on the identification results for improving UWB localization precision.The experimental results show that the mean square error(MSE)of the localization error for the proposed HUID system reduces by 12.96%,50.16%,and 64.92%compared with that of the existing extended Kalman filter(EKF),single UWB,and single IMU estimation methods,respectively.

结合DBN和CHMM的滚动轴承性能退化评估

针对现有退化评估方法应用情境单一,特征指标筛选依赖人工经验,提出了一种基于深度置信网络(Deep belief network, DBN)和连续隐马尔科夫(Continuous hidden markov model, CHMM)相结合的滚动轴承性能退化评估方法。将滚动轴承正常状态下的振动信号处理为归一化幅值谱,以此作为DBN特征自动提取模型的输入,并使用CHMM做评估模型,其中CHMM的训练样本即通过DBN提取的正常状态下的特征向量。通过不同情境下的滚动轴承全寿命周期实验数据验证了所提模型的有效性。与近期有关文献所提方法进行比较,该方法避免了人工选择特征指标,且对早期微弱故障检测具有一定的敏感性。

基于改进狼群算法-深度置信网络(IGWO-DBN)模型的旋风分离器压降预测

针对目前旋风分离器压降计算模型在准确性和实用性上的不足,为更好地指导旋风分离器的结构设计和性能优化,采用深度学习方法对其压降进行了预测。选取了影响压降的7个几何参数,采用深度学习中的深度置信网络(deep belief network,DBN)对旋风分离器压降数据进行预测,并利用改进的狼群算法(improved grey wolf optimizer,IGWO)对DBN模型的初始化权重和偏置参数进行寻优,构建IGWO-DBN组合模型,同时与几种传统计算模型和机器学习模型的预测结果进行对比。结果表明,IGWO-DBN模型在计算精度上优于Shepherd-Lapple模型、Casal模型等传统计算模型,并优于反向传播神经网络(back propagation neural network,BPNN)、支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)、极限学习机(extreme learning machine,ELM)等机器学习模型,计算效率大幅提升,且具有较好的泛化性和鲁棒性,可用于旋风分离器压降参数的预测。

基于深度置信网络的多模态过程故障评估方法及应用

传统的多模态过程故障等级评估方法对模态之间的共性特征考虑较少,导致当被评估模态故障信息不充分时,评估的准确性较低.针对此问题,首先,提出一种共性–个性深度置信网络(Common and specific deep belief network,CS-DBN),该网络充分利用深度置信网络(Deep belief network,DBN)的深度分层特征提取能力,通过度量多模态数据间分布的相似性和差异性,进一步得到能够反映多模态过程共有信息的共性特征以及反映每个模态独有信息的个性特征;其次,基于CS-DBN,利用多模态过程的已知故障等级数据生成多模态共性–个性特征集,通过加权逻辑回归构建故障等级评估模型;最后,将所提方法应用于带钢热连轧生产过程的故障等级评估中.应用结果表明,随着多模态故障等级数据的增加,所提方法的评估准确率逐渐增加,当故障信息充足时,评估准确率可达98.75%;故障信息不足时,与传统方法相比,评估准确率提升近10%.

贫数据中基于模型自训练的空气处理设备故障诊断

针对空气处理设备(AHU)故障贫数据,基于深度置信网络(DBN)模型对4种特征选择算法进行对比研究,结果表明最大相关最小冗余算法的特征子集在诊断准确率及子集元素稳定性上表现最优。提出将DBN嵌入自训练框架的故障诊断模型,发现DBN自训练的诊断准确率较单纯DBN最高可提升19.5%。提出均匀抽样及按比例抽样2种自训练伪标签抽样策略,二者的诊断准确率均随抽样数减小而增大,在不同抽样数中的最大差异为3.42%;在所有贫数据样本中,均匀抽样策略始终优于按比例抽样,诊断准确率最大相差1.39%,表明在故障标签匮乏时,采用均匀抽样策略及较小的抽样数有利于提升DBN自训练的诊断性能。

基于DBN模型的遥感图像分类

遥感图像分类是地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)的关键技术,对城市规划与管理起到十分重要的作用.近年来,深度学习成为机器学习领域的一个新兴研究方向.深度学习采用模拟人脑多层结构的方式,对数据从低层到高层渐进地进行特征提取,从而发掘数据在时间与空间上的规律,进而提高分类的准确性.深度信念网络(deep belief network,DBN)是一种得到广泛研究与应用的深度学习模型,它结合了无监督学习和有监督学习的优点,对高维数据具有较好的分类能力.提出一种基于DBN模型的遥感图像分类方法,并利用RADARSAT-2卫星6d的极化合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar,SAR)图像进行了验证.实验表明,与支持向量机(SVM)及传统的神经网络(NN)方法相比,基于DBN模型的方法可以取得更好的分类效果.

一种基于DBN的高光谱遥感图像分类方法

高光谱遥感数据越来越普及并为人们广泛使用,基于高光谱数据的地面物体精确分类是高光谱遥感技术的核心应用之一。对高光谱数据进行提特征提取是进行地物分类的有效方法。深度学习是机器学习研究中的新领域,它多隐层的多层感知器结构使其能够学习到对数据有更本质的刻画的特征,在图像分类和可视化领域取得了更好的成绩。深度置信网(deep belief network,DBN)是深度学习网络中常见的模型。利用高光谱数据的高维特性,搭建基于DBN的高光谱图像分类模型,结合高光谱数据的空间结构对地物进行分类。实验表明,基于DBN的高光谱图像分类方法可以得到更好的分类效果。

“分解-校正-集成”模式下基于深度信念网络模型的径流预测

精准的短期径流预测可为流域内水资源规划、防洪调度及抗旱减灾工作提供重要的科学依据。为减小模型的系统误差,提高径流预测精度,在“分解-集成”模式的基础上提出“分解-校正-集成”框架,构建EEMD-DBN-EnKF、VMD-DBN-EnKF模型。利用集合卡尔曼滤波数据同化算法对偏离实测径流过大的分量校正以降低分解子序列在预测中产生的系统误差,并与未修正的EEMD-DBN、VMD-DBN模型及单一DBN模型进行了对比分析。结果表明:基于模态分解的组合模型较单一模型RMSE减小了至少23%,NSE与R^(2)增加了21%以上;基于径流分量校正的组合模型相较于模态分解的组合模型各评价系数有所提升,其中VMD-DBN-EnKF预测模型误差最小,效果最优,NSE与R^(2)达到0.89以上,其次依次为EEMD-DBN-EnKF>VMD-DBN>EEMD-DBN。综上“分解-校正-集成”模式的预测框架在玛纳斯河流域具有良好的适用性,可为玛纳斯河径流短期预报提供技术支持。