Efficacy of percutaneous mechanical thrombus removal in acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis

BACKGROUND Acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis(LEDVT)is a common vascular emergency with significant morbidity risks,including post-thrombotic syndrome(PTS)and pulmonary embolism.Traditional treatments like catheter-directed thrombolysis(CDT)often result in variable success rates and complications.AIM To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of percutaneous mechanical thrombus removal in acute LEDVT.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed to examine 58 hospitalised patients with acute LEDVT between August 2019 and August 2022.The patients were categorised into the percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy(PMT)group(n=24)and CDT group(n=32).The follow-up,safety and treatment outcomes were compared between the two groups.The main observational indexes were venous patency score,thrombus removal effect,complications,hospitalisation duration and PTS.RESULTS The venous patency score was 9.04±1.40 in the PMT group and 8.81±1.60 in the CDT group,and the thrombus clearance rate was 100%in both groups.The complication rate was 8.33%in the PMT group and 34.84%in the CDT group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The average hospitalisation duration was 6.54±2.48 days in the PMT group and 8.14±3.56 days in the CDT group.The incidence of PTS was lower in the PMT group than in the CDT group;however,the difference was not statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Compared with CDT,treatment of LEDVT via PMT was associated with a better thrombus clearance rate,clinical therapeutic effect and PTS prevention function,but the difference was not statistically significant.Moreover,PMT was associated with a reduced urokinase dosage,shortened hospitalisation duration and reduced incidence of complications,such as infections and small haemorrhages.These results indicate that PMT has substantial beneficial effects in the treatment of LEDVT.

Clinical Value of Predictive Nursing Intervention on Deep Venous Thrombosis of Lower Extremities after Cesarean Section

[Objectives]To explore the clinical nursing value of predictive nursing intervention in patients with deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities after cesarean section.[Methods]From December 2022 to April 2023,105 pregnant and lying-in women who were hospitalized in the Gynecology Department of Pingquan Hospital and underwent cesarean section and met the inclusion criteria were included as the study objects.According to the medical records,they were divided into observation group(n=52 cases)and control group(n=53 cases).The clinical experimental subjects were divided into two groups.One group was the control group with routine nursing,and the other group was the observation group with predictive nursing intervention.The number of cases of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities in the two groups was recorded to evaluate the clinical value.[Results]The incidence of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities in the two groups after cesarean section was compared,and it was suggested that the incidence of the observation group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Special predictive nursing intervention can greatly reduce the incidence of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities after cesarean section,improve nursing satisfaction,and improve clinical efficacy,which is worthy of recommendation.

Deep Venous Thrombosis: Commonly Affected Veins in the Lower Limbs

Aim and Objectives: This study aimed to record the commonly affected veins in the lower limbs, to compare the affected sides and gender and to correlate the Doppler findings and stages of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Materials and Methods: A descriptive retrospective study of 46 already diagnosed cases of lower limb DVT. Results: Out of 46 cases of DVT, 71.74% were females. The majority of patients (93.47%) were affected in unilateral lower limb with significant predominance (65.22%) to affect the left lower limb (p Conclusion: Lower limb deep venous thrombosis affects left lower limb more than right and females more than males. Superficial femoral vein (SFV) and common femoral vein (CFV) are the most common affected veins. Lower limb DVT predominantly present in acute stage with venous distension and absent blood flow.

Comparison of four clinical scores for the predicting lower limb deep venous thrombosis in Chinese patients

Objective：To evaluate Wells, Kahn, St.Andr 6 and Constans scores for the prediction of deep venous thrombosis in Chinese patients. Methods：One hundred and seventy-two patients, prospectively, blinded referred for evaluation with four clinical-score systems for suspected deep venous thrombosis, were examined by ultrasonography. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and receiver operation curves were calculated for four clinical scores. The difference between areas of the ROC curve for each of the scores was compared with others and reference line. Results：Forty-six of 172 patients had deep venous thrombosis proven by sonography. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for Wells score was 91.3%, 57.1%, 43.8% and 94.7%, respectively, for Kahn score; 65.2%, 71.4%, 45.5% and 84.9%, respectively, for St.Andr 6 score; 63%, 38.9%, 27.4% and 74.2% respectively, for Constans score; 95.7%, 34.9%, 34.9% and 95.7% respectively. Area under ROV curve of Constans score was 0.814, which was similar to that of Wells score, then followed by Kahn score and that of St.Andr 6 score was no difference with the reference line. Conclusion：Based on the results of our study, the sensitivity, negative prediction value and area under ROC curve are larger for Constans score and Wells score in Chinese hospitalized patients than that of Kahn score or St.Andr 6 score. Considering the aim of the clinical assessment, Constans score and Wells score are more efficient for Chinese hospitalized patients.

Combined effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine decoction and low-molecular-weight heparin calcium on the postoperative deep venous thrombosis in patients with lower limb fracture

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the combined effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) decoction and low-molecular-weight heparin calcium on deep vein thrombosis(DVT) induced by surgery in patients with lower limb fracture.METHODS: Totally 86 hospitalized patients with DVT after surgery of lower limb fracture between September 2012 and January 2015 were recruited and randomly divided into control group and observation group, 43 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with subcutaneous injection of low-molecular-weight heparin calcium, and those in the observation group were additionally given Danshen Injection and TCM decoction. The differences between two groups in occurrence rate, medication time, therapeutic effects,recurrence rate of thrombosis, activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT), and prothrombin time(PT) were compared.RESULTS: The occurrence rate of DVT in observation group(4.65%, 2/43) was lower than that in control group(27.91%,12/43)(P<0.05). The medication time of observation group was(6.15±2.94) d, shorter than(9.76±3.12) d in the control group(P<0.05). In observation group, 2 cases of DVT were cured(2/2); in the control group, 9 cases presented therapeutic effects and the total effective rate was 75.00%(9/12). The improvement of APTT and PT in the observation group was better than that in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Integrative TCM decoction plus low-molecularweight heparin calcium is superior to applicaton of low-molecularweight heparin calcium alone in reducing and treating DVT in the postoperative patients with lower limb fracture.

Two-point compression ultrasonography: Enough to rule out lower extremity deep venous thrombosis?

BACKGROUND: Deep venous thrombosis(DVT) is a major cause of morbidity and is a common presenting complaint to the emergency department(ED). Point-of-care two-point compression ultrasonography has evolved as a quick and effective way of diagnosing DVT. The purpose of this study is to validate the prevalence and distribution of venous thrombi isolated to proximal lower extremity veins, other than common femoral and popliteal veins in patients with DVT.METHODS: This is a single-center retrospective study that looked at patients presenting to the ED of a tertiary care hospital between January 2014 and August 2018. The clinical presentation and laboratory and imaging results were obtained using the hospital's electronic medical record.RESULTS: A total of 2,507 patients underwent a lower extremity duplex ultrasound during the study period. Among them, 379(15%) were included in the study. The percentages of isolated thrombi to the femoral vein and deep femoral vein were 7.92% and 0.53%, respectively. When the patients were stratified into the two groups of isolated DVT and two-point compression DVT, there were no statistically significant differences in the laboratory results between both groups. However, immobilized patients and patients with recent surgeries were more likely to have an isolated DVT.CONCLUSIONS: Thrombi isolated to proximal lower extremity veins other than the common femoral and popliteal veins make up 8.45% of DVTs. Given this significant number of missed DVTs, the authors recommend the addition of the femoral and deep femoral veins to the two-point compression exam.

Analysis of curative effect of Bingxiao powder on lower limb deep vein thrombosis

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of Bingxiao powder on edema caused by deep venous thrombosis in lower limb thrombosis.Methods:Selected in our hospital from September 2017 to April 2019 of 122 patients with lower limb deep vein thrombosis caused by edema.The patients were divided into two groups:Bingxio powder(61 cases)and magnesium sulfate(61 cases),the circumference difference of lower leg and thigh,the integral of edema and pain,the effective rate and the satisfaction rate of curative effect were compared between the two groups of patients with edema caused by thrombosis of lower limb.Results:in the observation group,the peripheral diameter difference of calf(1.08±0.21)cm,the peripheral diameter difference of thigh(1.76±0.28),the edema score(1.09±0.22)and the pain score(1.34±0.25)were all lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The effective rate(95.08%)and satisfaction rate(96.72%)of the observation group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Bingxiao powder can reduce the edema symptoms and pain symptoms of patients with edema caused by deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs,and reduce the circumference difference of the lower leg and thigh,with significant clinical effect.

Clinical Application of Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty and Stent Implantation in Acute Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis

Purpose: To analyze the application of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting in acute deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities. Methods: 70 patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting. Results: The mean circumferential diameter difference between the affected limbs and the healthy limbs and the knees at 15 cm was statistically significant. The cure rate and effective rate of the research group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting are of high value in acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis.

Discussion on Prevention and Treatment of Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis in Orthopedic Perioperative Period from Spleen and Stomach Meridians

Deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity is one of the common complications in orthopedic perioperative period.It is caused by many factors,such as peripheral vein dilation,slow blood flow;long-term immobilization,bed rest and so on.On the one hand,it affects the early postoperative functional exercise and functional recovery,on the other hand,it increases the length of hospital stay and economic burden,increases the pain of patients and even endangers their lives.Effective treatment of traditional Chinese medicine combined with western medicine can play a better role in the prevention and treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis.This study expounds the concept of spleen and stomach meridians in the prevention and treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis,and puts forward some opinions on the dialectical treatment and daily conditioning of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis,hoping to provide ideas for the clinical prevention and treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in traditional Chinese medicine.

Prevention and Treatment of Deep Vein Thrombosis of the Lower Limbs in Patients with Complications after Orthopedic Trauma Surgery

Objective:To explore and analyze on how to prevent and treat deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs in patients with complications after orthopedic trauma surgery.Methods:The research patients were selected from the cases of surgical treatment of orthopedic trauma in the hospital during the past two years,and a total of 58 patients were selected.The patients were randomly divided into two groups,with 29 patients in the control group treated with conventional clinical methods;and the other 29 patients were assigned to the experimental group,where targeted preventive and therapeutic measures were administered.During the research,the number of complications of postoperative deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs and the corresponding treatment efficacy were compared between the two groups of patients.Results:According to the results of clinical experiments,the probability of patients in the experimental group suffering from deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs after surgery was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05);in addition,when complications of deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs occurred,the treatment efficacy of the patients in the experimental group was 96.55%,and the treatment efficacy of the patients in the control group was 82.76%.There was a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:Through clinical experiments to study and analyze the prevention and treatment measures of deep vein thrombosis in patients with complications after orthopedic trauma surgery,this research proves that active and comprehensive preventive and treatment measures can effectively reduce the number of complications and improve surgery treatment efficacy.

Analysis thrombolysis with anticoagulation treatment for early stage of deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities

Objective: To explore the effect of thrombolysis with anticoagulation treatment for early stage of deep vein thrombosis of lower extremity. Methods: The clinical data of 106 patients at the early stage of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the lower extremities treated by thrombolysis with anticoagulation and dispersion drugs were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The thrombolytic effect was significant. After treatment, the deep veins were recanalized without regurgitation in 75.3% of the patients. The total effective rate was 100%. Only three patients had hemorrhagic complication, but none of the patients died. Conclusion: Thrombolysis with anticoagulation treatment is an effective and safe method for DVT at the early stage.

基于Caprini量表评估干预措施结合空气波压力治疗仪对乳腺癌术后患者下肢深静脉血栓形成的影响

目的探讨基于Caprini量表评估干预措施结合空气波压力治疗仪对乳腺癌术后患者下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)形成的影响。方法选取2020年3月至2023年9月合肥市第二人民医院收治的80例乳腺癌术后患者,按照入院时间分为两组。入院时间2020年3月至2022年3月为常规组,入院时间2022年4月至2023年9月为干预组,各40例。常规组行基于Caprini量表评估预防护理,干预组在常规组的基础上实施空气波压力治疗仪干预。观察两组DVT发生率,比较两组干预前后世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表评分及满意度。结果干预组术后下肢DVT发生率低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组生理领域、心理领域、环境领域、社会关系领域评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,两组生理领域、心理领域、环境领域、社会关系领域评分高于干预前,且干预组高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组护理满意度优于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论乳腺癌患者术后实施基于Caprini量表评估干预措施结合空气波压力治疗仪干预,可明显提高下肢DVT预防效果,降低下肢DVT发生率,提高生活质量及满意度高。

柚皮素抑制cGAS-STING通路活化对大鼠下肢深静脉血栓形成的影响

【目的】探讨柚皮素抗大鼠下肢深静脉血栓形成机制。【方法】将60只大鼠随机分为6组,即假手术组,模型组,柚皮素低、中、高剂量组和柚皮素高剂量+STING激动剂2.5己酮可可碱(DMXAA)组,每组10只。检测各组大鼠凝血指标[D-二聚体(D-dimer)、凝血酶时间(TT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)],炎症指标[白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)]及氧化应激指标[丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)];苏木素-伊红(HE)染色法检测静脉血栓形成;检测血栓湿质量和干质量;透射电镜检测静脉血栓超微结构;Western Blot法检测静脉血栓组织中环鸟苷酸-腺苷酸合成酶(c GAS)、干扰素基因刺激因子(STING)蛋白表达。【结果】(1)与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠D-dimer水平,IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平,MDA含量,血栓湿质量和干质量增加,TT、APTT、PT,SOD活性和GSH-Px活性降低(均P<0.05);与模型组比较,柚皮素低、中、高剂量组大鼠D-dimer水平,IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平,MDA含量,血栓湿质量和干质量降低,TT、APTT、PT,SOD活性和GSH-Px活性增加(均P<0.05),且呈剂量依赖性;与柚皮素高剂量组比较,柚皮素高剂量+DMXAA组大鼠D-dimer水平,IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平,MDA含量,血栓湿质量和干质量升高,TT、APTT、PT,SOD活性和GSH-Px活性降低(均P<0.05)。(2)与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠静脉血栓组织中cGAS、STING蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.05);与模型组比较,柚皮素低、中、高剂量组大鼠静脉血栓组织中cGAS、STING蛋白表达水平均显著降低(P<0.05);柚皮素高剂量+DMXAA组大鼠cGAS、STING蛋白表达水平显著高于柚皮素高剂量组(P<0.05)。【结论】柚皮素可通过抑制cGAS/STING信号通路活化,抑制炎症、氧化应激反应,从而缓解下肢深静脉血栓形成。

基于Caprini风险评估模型的分级干预联合鼻饲温开水预防危重症患者下肢深静脉血栓的效果

目的:分析基于Caprini风险评估模型的分级干预联合鼻饲温开水对危重症患者下肢深静脉血栓的预防价值。方法:根据随机数字表法将120例于2020年6月—2023年6月在山东大学齐鲁医院接受治疗的危重症患者分为两组。对照组(n=60)接受常规干预,观察组(n=60)接受基于Caprini风险评估模型的分级干预联合鼻饲温开水干预。对两组血液流变学、凝血指标、下肢深静脉血栓风险分级及下肢深静脉血栓发生率进行比较。结果:干预第7天,两组全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度、血小板聚集率和D-二聚体、凝血酶-抗凝血酶复合物均低于干预前,且观察组均低于对照组,两组凝血酶原时间均长于干预前,且观察组长于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预第7天,观察组下肢深静脉血栓风险分级优于对照组,下肢深静脉血栓发生率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于Caprini风险评估模型的分级干预与鼻饲温开水联合应用,可改善危重症患者的血液流变学和凝血功能,有效预防下肢深静脉血栓发生。

Choosing ankle tourniquets in foot and ankle surgery: Beyond postoperative pain considerations

This editorial critically explores the use of ankle vs thigh tourniquets in foot and ankle surgery based on a recent study that found no significant difference in postoperative pain between the two placement techniques.Despite these findings,we argue for the preferential use of ankle tourniquets,highlighting their potential benefits in reducing venous blood stasis and minimizing soft tissue injury.This approach underscores the importance of considering long-term patient outcomes and vascular health beyond immediate postoperative pain.By integrating study findings with broader clinical considerations,we hereby advocate for a nuanced approach to tourniquet use that prioritizes patient safety and long-term recovery in conjunction with immediate postoperative pain.

大黄蛰虫丸对大鼠深静脉血栓形成模型TNOS、iNOS及超微结构的影响

目的:探讨大黄蛰虫丸对大鼠下肢深静脉血栓形成模型TNOS、i NOS及超微结构的影响。方法:48只Wistar大鼠随机分为6组,建立下肢深静脉血栓形成模型,观察大黄蛰虫丸对深静脉血栓形成大鼠模型TNOS、i NOS及光、电镜下超微结构的影响。结果:大黄蛰虫丸可升高大鼠血清中TNOS的含量,降低血清中i NOS的含量,光、电镜下发现可保护血管内皮,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:大黄蛰虫丸具有防治下肢深静脉血栓形成和保护血管内皮细胞的作用。

Caprini血栓风险评估联合集束化护理对腹腔镜下广泛性全子宫切除术病人术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的影响

目的:探讨Caprini血栓风险评估联合集束化护理对腹腔镜下广泛性全子宫切除术病人术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的影响。方法:将80例腹腔镜下广泛性全子宫切除术病人采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各40例,对照组病人给予常规护理,观察组病人在对照组病人基础上给予Caprini血栓风险评估联合集束化护理,比较两组病人术后下肢深静脉血栓形成情况、术后肠胃功能恢复情况以及术后并发症。结果:干预后观察组病人的术后下肢深静脉血栓形成情况风险及发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组病人肠胃功能恢复情况优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组病人术后并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:Caprini血栓风险评估联合集束化护理可减少腹腔镜下广泛性全子宫切除术病人术后下肢深静脉血栓的形成,促进病人术后胃肠功能恢复,降低病人术后并发症风险和发生率,加快病人康复进程,从而提高病人生活质量。

Autar和Caprini深静脉血栓形成风险评估表在ICU的应用效果比较

[目的]分析Autar和Caprini深静脉血栓形成风险评估表在ICU的应用效果。[方法]将108例病人采用随机数字表法分为A组、B组和C组,A组病人采取常规方法预防下肢深静脉血栓发生。B组和C组病人分别采用Autar和Caprini深静脉血栓形成风险评估表进行护理干预。护理工作完成后,从病人股静脉血流平均速度、血流峰速度和下肢深静脉血栓的发生率方面对护理效果进行观察比较。[结果]C组病人股静脉血流平均速度和血流峰速度均好于A组和B组病人(P<0.05)。在下肢深静脉血栓的发生率方面,C组病人发生率低于A组(P<0.017)。[结论]Caprini深静脉血栓形成风险评估更适宜ICU病人的使用,有效预防病人下肢深静脉血栓的发生。

基于Caprini风险评估模型的个性化预防护理对老年髋部骨折术后患者下肢深静脉血栓形成的影响

目的:探讨基于Caprini风险评估模型的个性化预防护理对老年髋部骨折术后患者下肢深静脉血栓形成(deep venous thrombosis,DVT)的影响。方法:选取2020年3月至2022年2月北京积水潭医院收治并施行手术治疗的186例老年髋部骨折患者为研究对象。根据随机数字表法将患者随机分为对照组与观察组,每组各93例。比较2组患者DVT发生率、血栓最大宽度及DVT相关知识知晓情况;比较2组患者术前、术后3、5 d及出院时D-二聚体值、双下肢大腿周径差值,并记录干预期间其他并发症情况。结果:观察组患者DVT发生率为4.30%,低于对照组的12.90%(P<0.05)。观察组患者血栓最大宽度低于对照组(P<0.05)。出院时,观察组患者预防DVT相关知识知晓问卷总分及各维度评分均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。术后,随着时间推移,2组患者D-二聚体值随之下降,且观察组各时间点D-二聚体值均低于对照组(均P<0.05)。术后3 d,2组患者双下肢大腿周径差值均较术前上升,之后2组患者双下肢大腿周径差值随时间推移下降,且观察组患者各时间点双下肢大腿周径差值均低于对照组(均P<0.05)。观察组患者其他并发症发生率为6.5%,显著低于对照组的18.3%(P<0.05)。结论:基于Caprini风险评估模型的个性化预防护理对老年髋部骨折术后下肢DVT的预防效果较好,能明显减少DVT。

APCR、ACA、P-selectin的表达与下肢创伤性骨折患者深静脉血栓形成的关系

目的探讨活化蛋白C抗体(APCR)、抗心磷脂抗体(ACA)、P-选择素(P-selectin)的表达与下肢创伤性骨折患者深静脉血栓(DVT)形成的关系。方法2016年1月—2018年6月广东省中山市中医院骨二科手术治疗下肢创伤性骨折患者301例,男性134例,女性167例;年龄20~65岁,平均38.2岁。按有无发生DVT分为DVT组15例和无DVT组286例,对两组患者临床资料进行分析,术前、术后1、3d采集患者外周空腹静脉血,采用[APTT±APC(Dahlback)]法测定血浆APCR表达情况,用酶联免疫法测定血清ACA表达情况、用酶联免疫法测定血浆P-selectin及D-D表达情况,比较各组APCR、ACA、P-selectin的表达。结果DVT组术前、术后1、3d APCR阳性率、ACA阳性率、D-D阳性率、P-selectin及D-D水平均高于同期无DVT组(P<0.05),两组患者术后1、3d APCR阳性率、ACA阳性率、D-D阳性率、P-selectin及D-D水平均高于术前,组间及组内比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Logistic回归分析发现,APCR阳性率、ACA阳性率、P-selectin、D-D水平及D-D阳性率是下肢创伤性骨折DVT发生的独立危险因素。APCR阳性率及ACA阳性率和D-D阳性率,P-selectin水平和D-D水平均呈正相关,r值分别为0.651、0.589、0.638。结论APCR、ACA、P-selectin和下肢创伤性骨折患者DVT有良好相关性,可作为其监测指标,以降低围手术期风险。