Influences of the Populus deltoids seedlings treated with exogenous methyl jasmonate on the growth and development of Lymantria dispar larvae

Lyantria dispar larvae were fed with the leaves of Populus deltoids seedlings exposed to methyl jasmonate （MeJA） for 24 h. The growth and development of the larvae were investigated, and phenolics contents in treated leaves including pyrocatechol, caffeic acid, coumarin, fernlic acid and benzoic acid were also surveyed by high-pressure liquid chromatography （HPLC）. Results indicated that approximate digestibility, efficiency of conversion of ingested food, efficiency of conversion of digested food, and weight of the larvae were inhibited obviously, especially from the sixth day, which may result from the increase of total phenolics contents in treated leaves. This result provides strong supports for MeJA acting as the airborne signal molecule between woody plants.

土壤镉污染对杨树雌雄植株抗地上和地下害虫的影响

【目的】探究镉污染条件下不同性别杨树植株间的抗虫性差异及相关机制。【方法】以雌雄美洲黑杨(Populusdeltoides)幼树为对象,研究了土壤镉污染条件下取食不同性别杨树对4种食叶害虫(包括两种专食性昆虫和两种广食性昆虫)和一种地下害虫(蛴螬)幼虫的生长发育和取食选择的影响。【结果】经过150 d的土壤镉胁迫处理,与雌株相比,雄株叶片富集了更多的镉,而雌株则将镉更多地富集于根系中。昆虫取食试验表明,与对照相比,取食受镉胁迫的雄株可以显著抑制4种食叶害虫的生长发育,而取食受镉胁迫的雌株则明显降低了地下害虫蛴螬的生长量。利用荧光定量PCR的方法检测了不同性别杨树叶片和根系中参与镉积累、转运和解毒相关基因的表达量,发现镉污染条件下雄株叶片和雌株根系中的相关基因上调数量较多。因此,推测在镉污染条件下,雌雄植株抗虫性的差异可能是由于两种性别植株在叶片和根系中镉浓度的差异所导致。相关研究成果以"Sexual differences in above-and belowground herbivore resistance between male and female poplars as affected by soil cadmium stress"为题于2021年8月发表在国际生态学权威期刊Science of the Total Environment上。【结论】土壤镉污染条件下,美洲黑杨雌雄植株不同器官中的镉浓度差异影响着植食性昆虫的生长和取食行为,进而影响雌雄杨树的抗虫性差异。