Introduction: The prevalence of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Klebsiella pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> has rapidly incr...Introduction: The prevalence of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Klebsiella pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> has rapidly increased in recent years and the distribution differed greatly by region, We aimed to study the relationship between antibiotic resistance and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">K. pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, especially carbapenem-resistant </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Klebsiella pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (CRKP) in our tertiary hospitals from 2014 to 2018.</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methodology: The antibiotic consumption data of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">K. pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were expressed as the defined daily dose (DDD) per 100 inpatient days</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(DDDs). </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">K. pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> which isolated from clinical samples in</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> hospital between January 2014 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and the correlation between antibiotic resistance rate and antibiotic frequency was analyzed.</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: From 2014 to 2018, a total of 2295 strains of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">K. pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were isolated, with the detection rates of 8.2%, 9.2%, 11.9%, 13.4% and 14.0%. There were 423 strains of CRKP, with the detection rates of 7.5%, 5.8%, 17</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">8% 24.2% and 25.2% respectively. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">K. pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> showed di</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">fferent degrees of resistance to antibiotics and showed an increasing trend year by year to carbapenems. The resistance rate of imipenem was 2.5%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2.8%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">9.9%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">12.3%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">13.4%, and the resistance rate of meropenem was 2.0%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3.0%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">8.8%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">12.6%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">12.7%, respectively. The resistance rate of most other drugs decreased. The DDDs values of cefoperazone/sulbactam, piperacillin-tazobactam and gentamicin showed a strong positive correlation with </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">K. pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> drug resistance rate</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(r</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.8, P</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.05)</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusions: The detection rate of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">K. pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and CRKP increased year by year, which was closely related to the dose of antibiotics. Strengthening the management of antimicrobial drugs and standardising the use of antimicrobial prescriptions were of great significance for delaying the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria.展开更多
目的分析西安市某三甲医院药字号肠内营养制剂的使用情况,为临床合理使用药字号肠内营养制剂提供参考。方法从该院信息管理系统(hospital information system,HIS)中提取2019年至2021年药字号肠内营养制剂的用药数据,对全院药字号营养...目的分析西安市某三甲医院药字号肠内营养制剂的使用情况,为临床合理使用药字号肠内营养制剂提供参考。方法从该院信息管理系统(hospital information system,HIS)中提取2019年至2021年药字号肠内营养制剂的用药数据,对全院药字号营养制剂的销售情况及构成比、用药频度(defined daily doses,DDDs)、限定日费用(defined daily cost,DDC)等药物经济学指标以及各科室使用量进行回顾性统计分析。结果该院肠内营养制剂使用量2019年至2020年呈增长趋势,但2021年度有所下降。DDDs排名前3的制剂分别是百普力、能全素和瑞素。DDC排序前3的制剂是瑞先、百普素和百普力。肝胆外科3年间短肽类制剂使用量位居第1,整蛋白制剂使用量前3的科室分别是神经内科、重症医学科和康复科。结论该院肠内营养制剂平均年使用量偏低,肠内营养与肠外营养治疗比例不均衡。整蛋白制剂瑞先价格较高,患者经济负担重,肠内营养制剂应保质保效,同时应降低价格。临床肠内营养治疗率远低于实际营养不良反应发生率,营养科需进一步加强与临床科室的沟通协作,提高住院患者肠内营养治疗比例。展开更多
文摘Introduction: The prevalence of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Klebsiella pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> has rapidly increased in recent years and the distribution differed greatly by region, We aimed to study the relationship between antibiotic resistance and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">K. pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, especially carbapenem-resistant </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Klebsiella pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (CRKP) in our tertiary hospitals from 2014 to 2018.</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methodology: The antibiotic consumption data of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">K. pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were expressed as the defined daily dose (DDD) per 100 inpatient days</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(DDDs). </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">K. pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> which isolated from clinical samples in</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> hospital between January 2014 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and the correlation between antibiotic resistance rate and antibiotic frequency was analyzed.</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: From 2014 to 2018, a total of 2295 strains of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">K. pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were isolated, with the detection rates of 8.2%, 9.2%, 11.9%, 13.4% and 14.0%. There were 423 strains of CRKP, with the detection rates of 7.5%, 5.8%, 17</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">8% 24.2% and 25.2% respectively. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">K. pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> showed di</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">fferent degrees of resistance to antibiotics and showed an increasing trend year by year to carbapenems. The resistance rate of imipenem was 2.5%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2.8%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">9.9%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">12.3%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">13.4%, and the resistance rate of meropenem was 2.0%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3.0%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">8.8%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">12.6%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">12.7%, respectively. The resistance rate of most other drugs decreased. The DDDs values of cefoperazone/sulbactam, piperacillin-tazobactam and gentamicin showed a strong positive correlation with </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">K. pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> drug resistance rate</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(r</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.8, P</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.05)</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusions: The detection rate of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">K. pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and CRKP increased year by year, which was closely related to the dose of antibiotics. Strengthening the management of antimicrobial drugs and standardising the use of antimicrobial prescriptions were of great significance for delaying the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria.