Comparison of the treatment duration and nursing requirements of the EarWell infant ear correction system for different types of auricle deformities

Objective:To observe whether the Ear Well infant ear correction system makes any difference in terms of the treatment effect,duration,complication rate,and nursing care requirements in different types of infant auricle deformities.Methods:A total of 93 infant patients with auricular deformity(age:<3 months of age)who were diagnosed and treated in Guangzhou Children and Women’s Medical Center from April 2018 to September 2020 were selected and treated with the Ear Well infant ear correction system.We observed and recorded the effects of the Ear Well infant ear correction system,the treatment duration,the number of rebound cases,and complications that are likely to occur during treatment,and noted the related factors causing complications and the relative requirements for nursing care.Results:The Earwell infant ear correction system could effectively correct infant auricle deformities.Among the 93 cases,90 cases had positive therapeutical outcome and the effective rate was 96.77%.The treatment duration for lop ear and protruding ear was longer than for other auricle deformities;the deformity recoil and the treatment compilation rates were much higher for these 2 deformity types,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:The treatment suggestion for the wearing duration of the Ear Well infant ear correction system for lop ear and protruding ear is a prolonged duration compared with that for other infant auricle deformities.Fur ther,the requirements for nursing care intensity and infant patient’s guardian’s nursing knowledge and skill are obviously increased for these 2 types of auricle deformities.

BMPR-IB gene disruption causes severe limb deformities in pigs

In an attempt to generate g.A746G substitution in the BMPR-IB gene,we unexpectedly obtained BMPR-IB homozygous knockout piglets(BMPR-IB^(-/-))and heterogeneous knockout piglets with one copy of the A746G mutation(BMPR-IB-/746G)via CRISPR/Cas9 editing.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and sequencing revealed complex genomic rearrangements in the target region.All BMPR-IBdisrupted piglets showed an inability to stand and walk normally.Both BMPR-IB^(-/-)and BMPR-IB-/746G piglets exhibited severe skeletal dysplasia characterized by distorted and truncated forearms(ulna,radius)and disordered carpal,metacarpal,and phalangeal bones in the forelimbs.The piglets displayed more severe deformities in the hindlimbs by visual inspection,including fibular hemimelia,enlarged tarsal bone,and disordered toe joint bones.Limb deformities were more profound in BMPR-IB^(-/-)piglets than in the BMPR-IB-/746G piglets.Proteomic analysis identified 139 differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)in the hindlimb fibula of BMPR-IB-/746G piglets compared to the wild-type(WT)controls.Most DEPs are involved in skeletal or embryonic development and/or the TGF-βpathway and tumor progression.Gene Ontology(GO)and protein domain enrichment analysis suggested alterations in these processes.Of the top 50 DEPs,a large proportion,e.g.,C1QA,MYO1H,SRSF1,P3H1,GJA1,TCOF1,RBM10,SPP2,MMP13,and PHAX,were significantly associated with skeletal development.Our study provides novel findings on the role of BMPR-IB in mammalian limb development.

Antimicrobial silver nanoparticle induces organ deformities in the developing Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos

Silver Nanoparticles were synthesized by Esche- richia coli using Silver nitrate in the growth me-dium and characterized in X-Ray Diffraction, UV-Vis Spectrophotometer and Scanning Electron Microscope. They exhibited antimicrobial activity against human pathogens except Escherichia Coli. Nanoparticles were impregnated in yarn and ana-lyzed for their inhibition in the broth culture. The Minimal Inhibitory Concentratio was calculated for the human pathogens in Microtitre plate. The toxicity assessment of the nanoparticles in the embry-onic Zebrafish showed many organogensis deformi-ties like cardiac malformations, eye and head edema, tail and trunk flexure were observed in the organ system of the developing embryos for 1 to 5 day post fertilization in different concentrations of Ag Nanoparticles. The Organogenesis disruptive effects were found in 14 - 20 ng/ml of silver nanoparticles but the inhibition was found in 4-10ng/ml for the pathogens in vitro and 10ng/ml in embryos. Nevertheless, in Cardiac assay, the Heart Beat rates were calculated as 42 - 45 for 15 Sec in the concentrations ranging from 10 - 20 ng/ml of Silver nanoparticles. The blood flows, rhythmicity, contractility of heart beat rates were observed normal. The Mean value of blood Cell counting did not showed any notable effects in the Nanoparticle treated Zebrafish embryos and control. The LC50 value for the Biosynthesized nanoparticle was at 22 ng/ml in all the developmental stages of the em-bryos. Our results shows silver nanoparticles dis-rupts the normal organogenesis during development and further detailed studies are needed to prove silver nanopartcles are an antimicrobial agent for use in humans.

Spinal deformities in a wild line of Poecilia wingei bred in captivity:report of cases and review of the literature

Objective:To describe the occurrence of various spinal deformations in a captive-bred wild line of Poecilia wingei(P.wingei).Methods:Fish belonging to a wild line of P.wingei caught from Laguna de Los Patos,Venezuela,were bred in an aquarium home-breeding system during a period of three years(2006-2009).The spinal curvature was observed to study spinal deformities in P.wingei.Results:Out of a total of 600 fish,22 showed different types of deformities(scoliosis,lordosis,kyphosis),with a higher incidence in females.Growth,swimming and breeding of deformed fish were generally normal.Conclusions:Possible causes for spinal curvature in fish are discussed on the basis of the current literature.While it is not possible to determine the exact cause(s)of spinal deformities observed in the present study,traumatic injuries,nutritional imbalances,genetic defects or a combination of these factors can be supposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of such lesions.

Vertebral deformities in hatchery-reared and wild-caught juvenile Japanese flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus

The present study compared vertebral deformities of hatchery-reared and wild-caught juvenile Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. A total of 362 hatchery-reared flounder （total length 122.5- 155.8 mm） were collected from three commercial hatcheries located in Yantai, East China, and 89 wild fish （total length 124.7 161.3 mm） were caught offYangma Island near Yantai City （37°27′N, 121°36′E）. All the fish were dissected, photographed, and images of the axial skeleton were examined for vertebral deformities. Compared with wild-caught flounder in which no deformed vertebrae were detected, 48 （13.3%） hatchery- reared fish had deformed vertebrae. The deformities were classified as compression, compression-ankylosis, and dislocation-ankylosis. The vertebral deformities were mainly localized between post-cranial vertebra 1 and 3, with vertebrae number 1 as the most commonly deformed. The causative factors leading to vertebral deformities in reared Japanese flounder may be related to unfavorable temperature conditions, inflammation, damage, or rupture to the intervertebral ligaments under rearing conditions. Furthermore, no significant difference in the total number of vertebral bodies was observed between wild-caught （38.8±0.4） and hatchery-reared flounder （38.1±0.9） （P〉0.05）. However, the number of vertebral bodies of hatchery-reared and wild-caught flounder ranged from 35 to 39 and from 38 to 39, respectively.

Development of spinal deformities in the tight-skin mouse

Tight-skin （TSK） mice are commonly used as an animal model to study the pathogenesis of Marfan syndrome （MFS）, but little is known of their skeletal phenotype and in particular of the development of the spinal deformities, common in MFS. Here we examined growth of the axial skeletons of TSK and wild-type（B6） mice during their period of rapid growth. The whole bodies of mice, 4-12 weeks of age, were scanned after sacrifice, by micro-computed tomography （microCT）. We reconstructed three-dimensional models of the spine and ribs, and measured vertebral body heights and rib lengths using the Mac-based image-processing software ＂OsiriX＂. Although the TSK mice were smaller than the B6 mice at 4 weeks, they experienced an early growth spurt and by 8 weeks the height, but not the width, of the vertebral body was significantly greater in the TSK mice than the B6 mice. Measurement of the angles of scoliotic and kyphotic curves postmortem in the mice was problematic, hence we measured changes that develop in skeletal elements in these disorders. As a marker of kyphosis, we measured anterior wedging of the vertebral bodies; as a marker for scoliosis we measured asymmetries in rib length. We found, unlike in the B6 mice where the pattern was diffuse, wedging in TSK mice was directly related to spinal level and peaked steeply at the thoracolumbar junction. There was also significant asymmetry in length of the ribs in the TSK mice, but not in the B6 mice. The TSK mice thus appear to exhibit spinal deformities seen in MFS and could be a useful model for gaining understanding of the mechanisms of development of scoliosis and kyphosis in this disorder.

Deformities in silver pomfret Pampus argenteus caught from Kuwait waters

During sampling for spawning stock of the silver pomfret,Pampus argenteus in Kuwait waters,a few seriously deformed individuals were captured.These individuals had been attacked and wounded,but had healed and survived.The fish body deformities are believed to be caused by predation attempts on silver pomfret by predators such as sharks,groupers,and croakers.

Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Assessment and Planning for Severe Lower Limb Deformities: A Case Report of Bilateral Fibular Hemimelia

To correct a lower limb deformity, orthopedic surgeons must have an exact understanding of the deformity. In general, preoperative planning is carried out using anterior-posterior (AP) and lateral radiographs. However, for severe cases with a combination of angular and rotational deformities of the lower limb, obtaining true AP and lateral radiographs is difficult and accurate calculation of the rotational deformity from radiographs is impossible. In this report, we propose to focus on preoperative assessment using three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction images of computed tomography (CT) scans for severe lower limb deformity in a patient with bilateral fibular hemimelia type II according to the Achterman- Kalamchi classification. She underwent bifocal deformity corrections of the bilateral tibiae using Taylor spatial frames in combination with the Ilizarov external fixator. Complete bony union was achieved, without angular deformity or limb length discrepancy.

Surgical treatment of femoral deformities in polyostotic fibrous dysplasia and McCune-Albright syndrome:A literature review

BACKGROUND Surgical correction of femoral deformities in polyostotic fibrous dysplasia(PFD)or McCune-Albright syndrome(MAS),such as coxa vara or shepherd’s crook deformity,is a challenge.AIM To evaluate the treatment of patients with femoral deformities caused by PDF or MAS treated by osteotomies and stabilized with different methods,by analyzing the most relevant studies on the topic.METHODS A literature search was performed in Medline database(PubMed).Articles were screened for patients affected by PFD or MAS surgically managed by osteotomies and stabilized with different methods.RESULTS The initial search produced 184 studies,with 15 fulfilling the eligibility criteria of our study.Selected articles(1987-2019)included 111 patients overall(136 femurs).CONCLUSION Based on our results,the preferred method to stabilize corrective osteotomies is intramedullary nailing with neck cross pinning.When the deformity is limited to the proximal part of the femur,a screw or blade plate may be used,although there is a high risk of fracture below the plate.When the femur is entirely involved,a two-stage procedure may be considered.

Application of Cephalometric Analysis To Surgical Treatment of Dentofacial Deformities

In view of orthognathic surgery,on the basis of the ccphalometric data of the youths innorth-west China,the most common 29 parameters were chosen,including angles,linear measureand ratio.For analysis,they were divided into four groups:general profile feature,maxilla andorbital-zygomatic regio,mandible and chin.This kind of analysis can be usecd for clinicaldiagnosis and for detemining the nature,position and degree of the dcformities.It is espceially effec-five in the designing of operation and prediction of the result of the surgery.

UTILITY OF VIBRANT SOUNDBRIDGE IN PATIENTS WITH CONGENITAL MIDDLE AND OUTER EAR DEFORMITIES

Objective To report use of the Vibrant Soundbridge (VSB) in patients with congenital deformation of the middle and outer ears and investigate its utility in this patient population.Method Four patients with congenital deformation of middle and outer ears underwent VSB implantation. All were male (aged 3-18 years,average 13.5 years) and operated on the left side.Malformation was bilateral in 3 patients and unilateral in 1 patient. Surgical techniques were modified to accommodate each patient’s unique conditions and needs.The implant site was approached via the facial recess in 3 patients and through a retro-facial nerve route in 1 patient. The VSB implant was connected to either the stapes (2 cases) or the round window (2 cases).Pure tone and speech audiometry results and daily communication capabilities before and after VSB activation were compared.Results The operations were successful in all patients, with no complications. The patient communication level improved significantly after VSB activation. Average air conduction pure tone threshold or conditioned reflex audiometry threshold improved by 35 dB in the 0.25-4 kHz range,from 69 dB HL before VSB activation to 34 dB HL after.The sentence recognition rate in quiet at 65 dB SPL went up to 86% from 0% without VSB for patients with bilateral deformation and remained at 100% for the patient with unilateral deformity. However, for the latter patient, the rate improved to 20% from 0% without VSB in noise (-8 dB SNR).Conclusion VSB is an excellent solution for improving hearing in patients with congenital deformation of middle and outer ears.Operation can be completed and good results can be achieved even in patients with unique conditions and needs.

Advances in the management of pectus deformities in children

Pectus excavatum (PE) and pectus carinatum (PC) are relatively common deformities involving the anterior chest wall, occurring in 1:1000 and 1:1500 live births, respectively. While the etiology remains an enigma, the association of pectus deformities with other skeletal abnormalities suggests that connective tissue disease may play a role in their pathogenesis. Clinical features of these deformities vary with severity, as determined by the Haller index and Backer ratio, but frequently include cardiac and respiratory abnormalities. Importantly, there exist profound psychosocial implications for children afflicted with these defofrmities, including but not limited to feelings of embarrassment and maladaptive social behaviors. These debilitating characteristics have prompted the development of novel medical and surgical corrective techniques. The correction of pectus deformities reduces the incidence of physiological complications secondary to chest wall malformation, while simultaneously improving body image and psychosocial development in the affected pediatric population. The Ravitch (open) and Nuss (minimally invasive) procedures remain the most frequently employed methods of pectus deformity repair, with no difference in overall complication rates, though individual complication rates vary with treatment. The Nuss procedure is associated with a higher rate of recurrence due to bar migration, hemothorax, and pneumothorax. Postoperative pain management is markedly more difficult in patients who have undergone Nuss repair. Patients undergoing the Ravitch procedure require less postoperative analgesia, but have longer operation times and a larger surgical scar. The cosmetic results of the Nuss procedure and its minimally invasive nature make it preferable to the Ravitch repair. Newer treatment modalities, including the vacuum bell, magnetic mini-mover procedure (3MP), and dynamic compression bracing (DCB) appear promising, and may ultimately provide effective methods of noninvasive repair. However, these modalities suffer from a lack of extensive published evidence, and the limited number of studies currently published fail to adequately define their long-term effectiveness.

Can a Subcapital Osteotomy Fixed with an Intramedullary Locking Plate Correct all Possible Deformities of a Mild to Moderate Hallux Valgus?

Background: There are at least 5 very popular methods described for the correction of mild to moderate hallux valgus deformities. Despite of reported and self experienced good results in favorable fitting preoperative anatomical conditions of some of these methods;it seems that no one is really satisfying under “difficult” or non favorable preoperative anatomic conditions. How could an optimum operation method for a satisfying correction of a mild to moderate hallux valgus look like? The well known criteria for an optimally satisfying method to achieve full normalization of important forefoot parameters under all conditions should be a lateralization, plantarization and derotation of the Ist metatarsal head and also a normalization of the distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA) in combination with a soft tissue correction. Methods: In order to achieve this outcome without the disadvantages of shortening or the need for unloading, we developed a new operation technique and new fixation devices. We performed a simple transverse lazy-L subcapital osteotomy and after an additional soft tissue release the Ist metatarsal head was restored to its preplaned optimum position in terms of narrowing the IM angle, plantarization, correction of the hallux valgus angle, derotation of a pronation l malrotation and improvement of the DMAA. Fixation was achieved with an intramedullary angel-stable transfixed 30 mm titanium plate. The rigidity of the implant rendered interfragmental compression or solid bone contact unnecessary. The goal was only an optimal correction. All patients were allowed to ambulate with full weightbearing immediately after the operation. Results: We retrospectively reviewed 346 patients (433 feet) who underwent subcapital osteotomy between May 2007 and December 2011;308 were women and 38 men;their mean age was 65 years. The follow-up investigation was performed on average after 6.5 years (78 months);range 5.5 to 10 years (66 to 120 months). The AOFAS Score improved from 61.18 to 96.82 (t = 55.13, p ° to 4.21° (t = 89.70, p ° to 7.75° (t = 51.68, p ° to 6.61° (t = 29.34, p < 0.001). Minimal shortening of the first metatarsal (0.33 mm) and no recurrence of the deformity was observed. Conclusion: A new access to hallux valgus surgery is presented. Our results show that interfragmental compression between the osteotomy partners or good interfragmental contact is not necessary when a rigid intramedullary fixation device is used. The goal of this approach to hallux valgus surgery was to achieve excellent correction and a very rigid intramedullary angle-stable locked implant. The procedure yielded excellent results and was associated with no recurrence of hallux valgus.

Repair of Nasolabial Deformities Secondary to Bilateral Cleft Lip with Upper Lip Philtrum Skin Flap and Lower Lip Abbe Flap

Objective To explore an ideal method for the correction of the secondary nasolabial deformities of bilateral cleft lip. Methods From January 2013 to December 2018 ,repairing nose and lip in median of the median upper lip flap and lower lip Abbe flap in 13 patients with secondary nasolabial deformity of cleft lip, implanting artificial nose prosthesis when necessary. Results All the flaps were survived and nose appearance was greatly improved. The shape of the upper lip turned more similar to normal. Coordination between upper lip and lower lip was appropriate. Conclusion The median upper lip flap combined with lower lip Abbe flap to repair the secondary nasolabial deformities of bilateral cleft lip is effective . Goo d cosmetic results can be obtained.

Morphological Deformities in the Wild Population of C. gariepinus in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

Clarias ganepinus from wild population, which was purchased from fish mongers in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria, were examined for possible deformities in their body. Eighty individuals were collected. Various types of deformities observed were recorded and later photographed. The present study reported for the first time the occurrence of morphological deformities in C. gariepinus natural ecosystem in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. The rivers, where the fish were collected, were found to have been exposed to persistent human activities. The possible causes of the deformities may be pollution from human activities or other factors such as poor nutrition, heredity, diseases. The etiology of the deformities in Clarias under this condition is recommended to be studied in detail.

Clinical Use of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy(ESWT)for the Treatment of Carpus Valgus Deformities in Young Foals:A Retrospective Study of 64 Cases(2006-2009)

The purpose of this study was to report the use and assess the effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) for the treatment of carpal joint valgus deformities (CJVDs) in young foals. Only foals with CJVDs greater than 5° were included in the study. Foals were assigned to 3 treatment groups based on their degree of CJVD measured during the initial evaluation: valgus deformity (VD) of 5° to 8.9° (Group 1), VD of 9° to 11.9° (Group 2) and VD greater than or equal to 12° (Group 3). ESWT was applied on the convex side of the angular deformity immediately following the initial radiographic evaluation. Foals were subsequently evaluated clinically and radiologically followed by treatment every 10 days until resolution of the VD, with resolution defined as a deviation less than 5 degrees. Each treatment group received specific exercise, hoof trimming and hoof/shoe extension recommendations. Sixty-four (64) foals were included in the study;ages ranged from 8 to 60 days old at inclusion in the study with a mean age of 26.7 days. Of the 28 foals included in Group 1, 10 had bilateral CJVD. There were 21 in Group 2, and 15 in Group 3. Treatment success was defined as a VD angle less than 5°, and was reached in all foals in Groups 1 and 2. Five (5) foals in Group 3 completed the study with a VD angle of 5° to 6.7° at the last radiographic assessment. No major complications were observed during the study. In conclusion, ESWT in conjunction with controlled exercise, hoof trimming and hoof/shoe extensions corrected severe CJVDs in young foals. The use of ESWT eliminates possible negative side effects of general anesthesia and surgical techniques to treat VDs. Future studies should include a control population, more severe cases, other types of angular limb deformities, and older foals.

Immediate secondary rhinoplasty using a folded dermofat graft for resolving complications related to silicone implants: A case report

BACKGROUND Various surgical techniques have been developed to enhance the nose shapes of Asian patients.Silicone implant augmentation rhinoplasty is widely used because it is relatively easy to perform and often yields satisfactory outcomes.However,this technique may lead to complications,including ischemia,necrosis,and over-augmentation.The most appropriate management of these complications,including infection,is immediate implant removal and revision surgery once the accompanying inflammation has healed.Occasionally,the patient may experience distress from nasal deformities during the intervention period.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we describe the case of a patient who underwent a secondary dorsal augmentation,with a folded dermofat graft harvested from the inguinal area and simultaneous implant removal,successfully preventing dimpling of the nasal deformity.CONCLUSION This surgical method can effectively manage implant-related complications following augmentation rhinoplasty using a silicone implant and provide satis-factory patient outcomes.

Investigating clubfoot in Saudi Arabia: Prevalence, factors, and future directions

This editorial discusses the significant findings and implications of the study conducted by Alomran et al.This retrospective study,soon to be published,provides valuable insights into the epidemiology of and risk factors associated with clubfoot in a specific Saudi population.By highlighting the study’s key outcomes and discussing its broader implications for public health and clinical practices,this editorial aims to underscore the importance of continued research and targeted interventions in addressing congenital deformities such as clubfoot.

7075铝合金切削加工晶粒尺寸演化过程研究

金属材料在切削加工过程中,表层晶粒在机械载荷和热载荷的剧烈冲击作用下快速再结晶使表面形成晶粒细化层,该细化层严重影响材料使役性能。在研究切削加工晶粒尺寸演化机制的基础上,通过DEFORM仿真软件实现7075铝合金晶粒尺寸演化过程,开展单因素法试验,构建了晶粒尺寸关于切削速度、进给量的预测模型。结果表明:切削速度增加,表层晶粒尺寸增大,细化层厚度减小;进给量增加,晶粒尺寸和细化层厚度在温度和塑性变形共同作用下先增加后减小。通过实验验证,该模型能够较为准确地预测材料表面晶粒尺寸。

Comparison between Care Strategies for Patients with Osteoarthritis of the Hands Based on the Use of Joint Protection, Assistive Technology and Exercises

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disabling disease that can affect 6% to 12% of the adult population and more than a third of people over 65 years of age. Purpose: To assess whether a group of people with hand osteoarthritis (hOA) who received different types of treatment improved their function after two years of follow-up. Method: The entire sample (n = 97) underwent three follow-up assessments regarding anthropometric parameters of the upper limbs and ability to perform functional activities. Subsequently, the sample was divided into two groups for the intervention periods, called the First Period (n = 73) and the Second Period (n = 24);the First Period kept the same protocol with orientations, and the Second Period went to an intervention with orientation strength exercises and use of orthosis. Findings: In the separate analysis of the three questions of the DASH pain module, no differences were found between the assessment moments for groups of guidelines, treatment, or symptoms. Significant effects were observed for F(2, 162) = 3.5, p = 0.033, η2 = 0.04, and interaction for moments and intervention F(2, 162) = 4.3, p = 0.016, η2 = 0.05. Implications: It can be concluded that only guidance treatment does not benefit patients with hand osteoarthritis. In contrast, guidance, exercise, and orthosis treatment can significantly improve the disease.