Development of an accurate nursing program based on function in chronic venous leg ulcers:protocol for matching function status with nursing interventions using the Delphi survey

Objective: Venous leg ulceration(VLU) is one of the complications of lower extremity venous reflux and reflux disorder of severe diseases, with many adverse effects on patient’s work and life. Nowadays, more and more patients with VLU accept wound care in community setting. Clinical nurses generally take care of the patients based on their own experiences. Healing in VLU is an incredibly complex process, which puzzles even experts. The majority of general nurses do not have this level of expertise, especially those nurses serving in community. Function is the basis of nursing activities. Patients always show different clinical manifestations and selfcare abilities due to various function states, which cannot be reflected completely by the existing nursing practice. How to describe nursing practice standardized in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of interventions and facilitate interdisciplinary communication is another urgent problem. Therefore, the aim of this project is to develop an accurate nursing program based on function in chronic venous leg ulcers, which can both satisfy the needs of patients and promote nursing revolution.Methods: This study will use International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health as a framework to choose suitable functions and to filter function classification standards of chronic venous leg ulcers through evidence-based systematic research.Nursing interventions related to VLU are selected based on Nursing Interventions Classification, adding other nursing activities by methods of evidence-based systematic review and clinical observation. Then, nursing interventions and function status are matched through steering committee. Finally, the Delphi survey method is adopted to make nursing program native and scientific.Conclusions: This study is expected to be very significant and meaningful in using standardized nursing terminology. The nursing program established could better meet the needs of both patients with chronic venous leg ulcers and clinical nurses, promoting the development of wound specialist and standardized nursing language.

Delphi Survey on China's Advanced Energy Technology towards 2035

Facing the multiple challenges of low-carbon transformation,China urgently needs to adopt a new energy development path.This study used the Delphi method combined with vision analysis to analyze the advanced energy fields and gain insights into the development trends of energy technology towards 2035.The Delphi survey convened 762 domestic experts to predict the development demands and trends of advanced energy technology,and to identify important technology topics.A key list,including 91 technology topics in 9 sub-fields,was analyzed with respect to promoting economic growth,improving quality of life,and safeguarding national security.Furthermore,we conducted a research on these technology topics in context of technology research and development(R&D)level,leading countries,technology realization possibility,and constraints.The results from the Delphi survey show that the R&D level of China’s advanced energy technology is still at an elementary stage,and China,significantly,lags behind the US and the EU in the fields of advanced energy.These results reveal that insufficient R&D investment is the primary factor restricting the technology development in China’s advanced energy,though human resources,infrastructure,regulations,policies and standards also play significant roles in restricting technology development.The results from the Delphi survey may serve as a reference and help in exploring the development path of low-carbon transformation and achieving goals for addressing climate change in China.

An Overview of the 11th Foresight Survey in Japan

The purpose of the 11th Foresight survey in Japan is to provide basic information that contributes to the consideration in Science and Technology(S&T)innovation policy and strategy formation,including the 6 th S&T Basic Plan in 2021–2025.The prospective period is about 30 years until 2050,and the target year is 2040.This survey consists of 4 parts:horizon scanning as part 1,visioning as part 2,Delphi survey as part 3 and scenario planning as part 4.For the vision,many opinions were given at the workshop,but as a characteristic tendency,the importance of recognizing humanity due to the spread of science and technology and the importance of connection with people were required.For the image of society in 2040,a society was proposed in which there is no difference between reality and imagination,and there is no feeling of loneliness.In addition,a wide range of hobbies has been proposed as a result from the spread of virtual space technology that can be enjoyed by anyone of any age;and a safe society proposed where dementia can be understood in advance.In this way,a society image was proposed in which the issues that are already prominent at present are overcome.For Delphi survey,it was conducted to reveal the importance,international competitiveness,and prospects for implementation of the topics.There were 5,352 respondents from the industry,academia,and government.The priority was placed on support for problems such as the reduction in population and the ultra-aging society,as well as the recent and frequent climate-related disasters,preventive medicine use,weather disaster support,and lifestyle or work support robots.With regard to the prospect of realizing this,it was shown that 90%of S&T topics can be realized by 2035.In addition,the feature of this survey is that the vision and the results of the Delphi survey were linked,and the priorities for realization were examined in the workshop specifically by the forecast and the backcast.This work was more popular and effective than the participants imagined.