In this manuscript the authors have studied interprofessional work model for dementia care in hospitals for community-based care. As present situations and problems of dementia patients in hospitals for community-base...In this manuscript the authors have studied interprofessional work model for dementia care in hospitals for community-based care. As present situations and problems of dementia patients in hospitals for community-based care, 8 core categories (19 categories) were extracted and as actual situations of interprofessional work for dementia care, 8 core categories (13 categories) were obtained. The authors examined a function of interprofessional work model and practice contents using these categories. The results revealed that better interprofessional work can be expected by six specialists of nurses rehabilitation specialists, MSW, pharmacists, dietitians and care workers developing dementia care based on “Family handling function” “ADL maintenance and improved function” “Staff member education and empowerment function”.展开更多
Standardized Ginkgo biloba leaf extract has been used in clinical trials for its beneficial effects on brain func- tions, particularly in dementia. Substantial experimental evidences indicated that Ginkgo biloba leaf ...Standardized Ginkgo biloba leaf extract has been used in clinical trials for its beneficial effects on brain func- tions, particularly in dementia. Substantial experimental evidences indicated that Ginkgo biloba leaf extract （EGB） protected neuronal cells from a variety of insults. We investigated the effect of EGB on cognitive ability and protein kinase B （PKB） activity in hippocampal neuronal cells of dementia model rats. Rats received an intra- peritoneal injection of D-galactose to induce dementia. Forty-eight Spraque-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups, including the control group, D-galactose group （Gal）, low-dose EGB group （EGB-L）, mid-dose EGB group （EGB-M）, high-dose EGB group （EGB-H） and treatment group. The EGB-L, EGB-M and EGB-H groups were administered with EGB and D-galactose simultaneously. Y-maze, cresyl violet staining, TUNEL assays and immunohistochemistry staining were performed to detect learning and memory abilities, morpho- logical changes in the hippocampus, neuronal apoptosis and the expressing level of phospho-PKB, respectively. Rats in the Gal group showed decreased abilities of learning and memory, and hippocampal pyramidal cell layer was damaged, while EGB administration improved learning and memory abilities. The Gal group exhibited many stained, condensed nuclei and micronuclei, either isolated or within the cytoplasm of cells （39.5 ± 1.4）. Apoptotic cells decreased in the groups of EGB-L （35.9±0.9）, EGB-M （16.8± 1.0） and EGB-H （10.1±0.8）, and there were statistical significances compared with the Gal group. Immunoreactivity of phospho-PKB was localized diffusely throughout the cytosol of cells in all groups, while the immunoreactivity of the Gal group was weak. EGB signifi- cantly attenuated learning and memory impairment in a dose-dependent manner, while it could decrease the nmber of TUNEL-positive cells, and increase the activity of PKB. Our results demonstrated that EGB attenuated memory impairment and cell apoptosis in galactose-induced dementia model rats by activating PKB.展开更多
血管性痴呆(vascular dementia, VD)以脑血管病变为基础,即脑实质有出血性或缺血性病变,其中以缺血性较为多见。由于其导致的认知能力和记忆力的渐进性下降及日益上升的发病率已成为影响人们健康和生活质量的一个主要问题。因此,越来越...血管性痴呆(vascular dementia, VD)以脑血管病变为基础,即脑实质有出血性或缺血性病变,其中以缺血性较为多见。由于其导致的认知能力和记忆力的渐进性下降及日益上升的发病率已成为影响人们健康和生活质量的一个主要问题。因此,越来越多的学者开始着手研究VD的发病机制和防治措施。建立合适的动物模型以用于研究治疗VD各种方式的作用机制及其疗效评价,也成为本领域的研究重点。在常规建模方法,双侧血管阻断法(bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries, 2VO)和四血管阻断法(four-vessel occlusion, 4VO)的基础上,研究人员研发了其他改良方法,以期使VD模型更稳定、更贴近VD的临床表现。本文在列举现阶段研发的改良方法及其具体操作方法的基础上,介绍这些模型的优缺点和相关的细胞和分子机制。展开更多
目的评价整合照护模式(IC)在阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者中的实施效果。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网、万方及中国生物医学文献数据库,搜集建库至2022年2月28日关于IC在AD患者应用的随机对照试验。由2...目的评价整合照护模式(IC)在阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者中的实施效果。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网、万方及中国生物医学文献数据库,搜集建库至2022年2月28日关于IC在AD患者应用的随机对照试验。由2名经过培训的评价人员独立筛选文献、评价质量和提取资料后,采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入16篇文献,包括英文文献14篇,中文文献2篇,共2798例患者。Meta分析结果显示:(1)与常规护理相比,IC能提高AD患者的认知功能得分[MD=1.64,95%CI(0.11,3.16),P<0.05],降低其精神行为症状得分[SMD=-0.41,95%CI(-0.56,-0.26),P<0.05]。(2)与常规护理相比,IC能提高AD患者日常生活能力[SMD=-0.83,95%CI(-1.13,-0.52),P<0.05],改善其生活质量[SMD=0.77,95%CI(0.11,1.44),P<0.05]。结论IC能有效改善AD患者的认知功能和精神行为症状,提高患者日常生活能力及生活质量。但受研究样本量局限性及检索术语缺少统一性的影响,实验结果可能仍存偏倚。未来可开展更多高质量、大样本的随机对照试验,进一步探讨IC在AD患者中实施的效果。展开更多
文摘In this manuscript the authors have studied interprofessional work model for dementia care in hospitals for community-based care. As present situations and problems of dementia patients in hospitals for community-based care, 8 core categories (19 categories) were extracted and as actual situations of interprofessional work for dementia care, 8 core categories (13 categories) were obtained. The authors examined a function of interprofessional work model and practice contents using these categories. The results revealed that better interprofessional work can be expected by six specialists of nurses rehabilitation specialists, MSW, pharmacists, dietitians and care workers developing dementia care based on “Family handling function” “ADL maintenance and improved function” “Staff member education and empowerment function”.
文摘Standardized Ginkgo biloba leaf extract has been used in clinical trials for its beneficial effects on brain func- tions, particularly in dementia. Substantial experimental evidences indicated that Ginkgo biloba leaf extract （EGB） protected neuronal cells from a variety of insults. We investigated the effect of EGB on cognitive ability and protein kinase B （PKB） activity in hippocampal neuronal cells of dementia model rats. Rats received an intra- peritoneal injection of D-galactose to induce dementia. Forty-eight Spraque-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups, including the control group, D-galactose group （Gal）, low-dose EGB group （EGB-L）, mid-dose EGB group （EGB-M）, high-dose EGB group （EGB-H） and treatment group. The EGB-L, EGB-M and EGB-H groups were administered with EGB and D-galactose simultaneously. Y-maze, cresyl violet staining, TUNEL assays and immunohistochemistry staining were performed to detect learning and memory abilities, morpho- logical changes in the hippocampus, neuronal apoptosis and the expressing level of phospho-PKB, respectively. Rats in the Gal group showed decreased abilities of learning and memory, and hippocampal pyramidal cell layer was damaged, while EGB administration improved learning and memory abilities. The Gal group exhibited many stained, condensed nuclei and micronuclei, either isolated or within the cytoplasm of cells （39.5 ± 1.4）. Apoptotic cells decreased in the groups of EGB-L （35.9±0.9）, EGB-M （16.8± 1.0） and EGB-H （10.1±0.8）, and there were statistical significances compared with the Gal group. Immunoreactivity of phospho-PKB was localized diffusely throughout the cytosol of cells in all groups, while the immunoreactivity of the Gal group was weak. EGB signifi- cantly attenuated learning and memory impairment in a dose-dependent manner, while it could decrease the nmber of TUNEL-positive cells, and increase the activity of PKB. Our results demonstrated that EGB attenuated memory impairment and cell apoptosis in galactose-induced dementia model rats by activating PKB.
文摘血管性痴呆(vascular dementia, VD)以脑血管病变为基础,即脑实质有出血性或缺血性病变,其中以缺血性较为多见。由于其导致的认知能力和记忆力的渐进性下降及日益上升的发病率已成为影响人们健康和生活质量的一个主要问题。因此,越来越多的学者开始着手研究VD的发病机制和防治措施。建立合适的动物模型以用于研究治疗VD各种方式的作用机制及其疗效评价,也成为本领域的研究重点。在常规建模方法,双侧血管阻断法(bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries, 2VO)和四血管阻断法(four-vessel occlusion, 4VO)的基础上,研究人员研发了其他改良方法,以期使VD模型更稳定、更贴近VD的临床表现。本文在列举现阶段研发的改良方法及其具体操作方法的基础上,介绍这些模型的优缺点和相关的细胞和分子机制。
文摘目的评价整合照护模式(IC)在阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者中的实施效果。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网、万方及中国生物医学文献数据库,搜集建库至2022年2月28日关于IC在AD患者应用的随机对照试验。由2名经过培训的评价人员独立筛选文献、评价质量和提取资料后,采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入16篇文献,包括英文文献14篇,中文文献2篇,共2798例患者。Meta分析结果显示:(1)与常规护理相比,IC能提高AD患者的认知功能得分[MD=1.64,95%CI(0.11,3.16),P<0.05],降低其精神行为症状得分[SMD=-0.41,95%CI(-0.56,-0.26),P<0.05]。(2)与常规护理相比,IC能提高AD患者日常生活能力[SMD=-0.83,95%CI(-1.13,-0.52),P<0.05],改善其生活质量[SMD=0.77,95%CI(0.11,1.44),P<0.05]。结论IC能有效改善AD患者的认知功能和精神行为症状,提高患者日常生活能力及生活质量。但受研究样本量局限性及检索术语缺少统一性的影响,实验结果可能仍存偏倚。未来可开展更多高质量、大样本的随机对照试验,进一步探讨IC在AD患者中实施的效果。
