Perception of dental appearance and aesthetic analysis among patients,laypersons and dentists

BACKGROUND Current concepts of beauty are increasingly subjective,influenced by the viewpoints of others.The aim of the study was to evaluate divergences in the perception of dental appearance and smile esthetics among patients,laypersons and dental practitioners.The study goals were to evaluate the influence of age,sex,education and dental specialty on the participants’judgment and to identify the values of different esthetic criteria.Patients sample included 50 patients who responded to a dental appearance questionnaire(DAQ).Two frontal photographs were taken,one during a smile and one with retracted lips.Laypersons and dentists were asked to evaluate both photographs using a Linear Scale from(0-10),where 0 represent(absolutely unaesthetic)and 10 represent(absolutely aesthetic).One-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)and t-test analysis were measured for each group.Most patients in the sample expressed satisfaction with most aspects of their smiles and dental appearance.Among laypersons(including 488 participants),47 pictures“with lips”out of 50 had higher mean aesthetic scores compared to pictures“without lips”.Among the dentist sample,90 dentists’perception towards the esthetic smile and dental appearance for photos“with lips”and“without lips”were the same for 23 out of 50 patients.Perception of smile aesthetics differed between patients,laypersons and dentists.Several factors can contribute to shape the perception of smile aesthetic.AIM To compare the perception of dental aesthetic among patients,laypersons,and professional dentists,to evaluate the impact of age,sex,educational background,and income on the judgments made by laypersons,to assess the variations in experience,specialty,age,and sex on professional dentists’judgment,and to evaluate the role of lips,skin shade and tooth shade in different participants’judgments.METHODS Patients sample included 50 patients who responded to DAQ.Two frontal photographs were taken:one during a smile and one with retracted lips.Laypersons and dentists were asked to evaluate both photographs using a Linear Scale from(0-10),where 0 represent(absolutely unaesthetic)and 10 represent(absolutely aesthetic).One-way ANOVA and t-test analysis were measured for each group.RESULTS Most patients in the sample expressed satisfaction with most aspects of their smiles and dental appearance.Among laypersons(including 488 participants),47 pictures“with lips”out of 50 had higher mean aesthetic scores compared to pictures“without lips”.Whereas among the dentist sample,90 dentists’perception towards the esthetic smile and dental appearance for photos“with lips”and“without lips”were the same for 23 out of 50 patients.Perception of smile aesthetics differed between patients,laypersons and dentists.CONCLUSION Several factors can contribute to shape the perception of smile aesthetic.

Medical Emergencies in Dental Clinics: A Survey of 2013 Dentists in China

Objective To investigate the feature and frequency of medical emergencies in dental clinics in China and the Methods A survey study was conducted among 2408 dentists who attended continuing educational courses held by Society of Sedation and Analgesia of Chinese Stomatological Association in 18 cities from December 2015 to December 2018.Demographic information of the dentists and the characteristics of medical emergencies they encountered were collected and analyzed.The associated demographic features for dentist experiencing medical emergencies were analyzed by logistic regression model.Results A total of 2013 dentists provided valid responses and reported 2923 events of medical emergencies in dental clinics.Among them,85.0%reported that they had encountered medical emergencies,and 35.5%had encountered at least twice.Syncope(35.9%)and hypoglycemia(30.3%)were the most common reported medical emergencies.Medical emergencies were most likely to occur during local anesthesia(49.9%),out-patient oral surgery(25.9%),and root canal treatment(11.3%).There were 6 patients(0.2%)died in emergencies.84.0%dentists reported that they had never received training courses about medical emergency management in dentistry other than Basic Life Support.Longer practicing time(10-15 years)(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.41-0.85,P=0.004),working in private dental facilities(OR=1.69,95%CI:1.20-2.38,P=0.003)were associated with an increased risk of experiencing medical emergencies.Conclusion More efforts are needed in prevention,early identification,and timely management of medical emergencies in dental clinics in order to prevent fatal outcomes.The results of this survey are useful information for re-designing emergency training courses for Chinese dentists.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation knowledge and attitude among general dentists in Kuwait

BACKGROUND: Dentists as health care providers should maintain a competence in resuscitation. This cannot be overemphasized by the fact that the population in our country is living longer with an increasing proportion of medically compromised persons in the general population. This preliminary study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude of general dentists towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR).METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 250 licensed general dental practitioners working in ministry of health. Data were obtained through electronic self-administered questionnaire consisting of demographic data of general dentists, and their experience, attitude and knowledge about CPR based on the 2010 American Heart Association guidelines update for CPR.RESULTS: Totally 208 general dentists took part in the present study giving a response rate of 83.2%. Only 36% of the participants demonstrated high knowledge on CPR, while 64% demonstrated low knowledge. Participants' age, gender, nationality, years of experience, career hierarchy, and formal CPR training were associated significantly with CPR knowledge. Almost all the participants(99%) felt that dentists needed to be competent in basic resuscitation skills and showed a positive attitude towards attending continuing dental educational programs on CPR.CONCLUSION: This study showed that majority of general dental practitioners in Kuwait had inadequate knowledge on CPR. It was also found that CPR training signi? cantly in? uenced the CPR knowledge of the participants. Therefore, training courses on CPR should be regularly provided to general dentists in the country.

Evaluation of dentists’ awareness about personnel and patients national protection in Yazd dental office

Background: Dental radiology had helpful assistant in the diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases. Dentists in their practice have to access benefits of dental oral radiographs against its hazards. They must aware from new radiation protection techniques and radiation dosage which daily receive. Present study was performed for radiation protection awareness in dentists of Yazd city and their knowledge about recent lowering radiation techniques. Materials & Methods: Present cross sectional study was performed on 102 medical dentists of Yazd city. Our study samples were participated in one Continues Medical Educations (CME) session. Knowledge assessment of study medical dentists was gathered with questionnaire which was given to study participants during CME session. Results: Eighty nine percent of dentists had poor and 11% had moderate awareness about radiation protection techniques. There was no significant difference between mean of knowledge scores among study participants according their age groups, job experiences and genders. Conclusion: The knowledge of dentists about radiation protection techniques was very poor and they should implement recent and appropriate radiation protection techniques and guidelines.

Dental Aesthetics: A Study Comparing Patients’ Own Opinions with Those of Dentists

Objective: A beautiful smile is perceived as important but the components that contribute to the patient’s concept of a beautiful smile have not been fully investigated. Hence this study aimed to compare the views of patients on their own dental aesthetics with those of a group of dentists. It also assessed the patients’ willingness to undergo aesthetic treatment. Methods: Fifty patients, who ranged in age from 24 to 76 years, completed self-assessment questionnaires. Photographs were taken of these patients, which were subsequently assessed by six dentists using a questionnaire with visual analogue scale to assess each parameter. Results: Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between the opinions of the dentists and the patients. Older patients were generally more satisfied with their smile than the dentists. Eighty-six percent of the patients were willing to undergo aesthetic treatment, although factors such as the complexity of treatment, time involved, discomfort and financial costs, deterred many. The cost of treatment was the main deterrent. The younger patients were least likely to be put off treatment. Conclusion: Patients’ views of their own smile differed from the dentists’ opinion. Those who were the least satisfied and were most likely to undergo aesthetic treatment were in the younger age groups. Satisfaction increased with age and older patients were less likely to seek the aesthetic treatment.

Knowledge and Practices of Dentists, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons of Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and the Dentascanner in a Low Income Country: Case of Togo

Background: In dental-maxillofacial imaging, 3D sectional imaging progressively replaces conventional 2D imaging in developed countries. They are based specially on Computed tomography (CT-Scan), with the Dentascan application and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). In developing countries those technics are newly introduced. Aim: This study aimed at studying the knowledge and practices of dentist and oral and maxillofacial surgeons on sectional imaging such as Dentascan and Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: We conducted an anonymous survey among dentists and oral maxillofacial surgeons in Togo over one month. Results: The response rate was 78.79% (27/33). They were mainly male sex (sex ratio of 2.25 men for one woman). They were aged between 27 and 71 years old with an average of 49.69 years old. The majority (61.54%) had a professional experience over 20 years. The majority of respondents (65.38%) believed their level of knowledge about dental x-Ray was poor. Half of them (50%) confirmed that they had never asked for a Dentascan, and 15.38% asked from time to time for it and only two (7.69%) asked often for this test. 96.15% confirm they have no knowledge of the Dentascan. Regarding the CBCT, 84.62% didn’t ask for it because this technique did not exist in Togo before. 69.20% of respondents confessed to be interested in continuing training on sectional imaging. Conclusion: This study shows that sectional imaging is very little used by oral and dental practitioners in Togo because of the ignorance of the new techniques and the absence of the CBCT. It is therefore necessary to promote the teaching of the new technique of sectional imaging in the training syllabus of oral and dental specialists and to initiate continuing medical training.

Attitudes and Practices of Senegalese Dentists towards Hepatitis B

Introduction: Hepatitis B is an infectious viral disease that causes inflammation of the liver. It is transmitted through body secretions and fluids, including genital secretions, saliva and blood. The objective of this study was to assess the attitudes and practices of dental surgeons in the face infection of Hepatitis B. Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional a sample of 171 dental surgeons. Probabilistic multi-stage, stratified, and systematic sampling was used. Using a questionnaire, we gathered variables related to the attitudes and practices of dentists with respect to Hep B. Results: Nearly 22% of dentists were not vaccinated against hepatitis B virus;Compliance with the use of gloves, glasses, professional clothing, and hygiene in dental offices was not systematic. Blood exposure accidents (BEA) were common, with nearly 13% suffering from needle stick injuries, 10% from eye splashes and about 6% from sharp instruments. The majority of the actions to be taken in the event of (BEA) were disinfection in the event of sticks or injuries (52.1%) and rinsing in the event of eye splashes (66.7%). Conclusion: Dentists should be educated and informed about the need for vaccination and hygiene, sterilization, and good behaviour in case of exposure to blood.

The COVID-19-Effect on Social Life of Dentist Working in Specialist Dental Centers for Adult: Sample Al-Resafa Health Directorate

Background: While causing a financial and economic loss in many countries in a few months, COVID 19 was of great impact on public health. The Iraqi government took several measures since the first Iraqi case was discovered in February 2020. One of the fundamental measures to control this pandemic is social isolation, which depends greatly on people’s awareness to decrease the incidence of COVID-19. Objectives: To study the COVID-19-effect on dentists’ social life and their future plan, and to find the relation between that effect and some dentists’ demographic variables. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2nd January to 7th May 2021, by an electronic version of the questionnaire through Google form. With facilitating orders delivered to all the specialist dental centers for adults of Al-Resafa health directorate;any dentists working in specialist dental centers for adults of Al-Resafa health directorate, and accept to participate in this study. Results: A total of 10 specialist dental centers for adults of the Al-Resafa health directorate represent 566/628 dentists enrolled in this study with a response rate of 88.99%. Most of them aged less than 30 years old (62.2%), female (60.6%), married status (50.4%), had 1 - 3 children (71.91%), Rotator (51.1%), with less than five years of experience (61.3%). Conclusion: COVID-19 affected so many aspects of health workers’ lives including dentists. About two-thirds of dentists had negative feelings, of which almost all had anxiety. Younger ages, females, married and having children are factors that contribute to the affection of dental social lives more than other categories.

Radiation protection knowledge and practices among Moroccan dentists:A cross-sectional study

Objective:To analyze the current status of knowledge and practices among the Moroccan dentists in the region of Rabat-Sale-Kenitra,towards radiation protection.Methods:This is a cross-sectional study based on a questionnaire related to knowledge and practice regarding radiation protection of patients and dental staff from April to June 2022.The study sample included 325 dentists practicing in the Rabat-Sale-Kenitra region.The target population consisted of all dentists working in public,semipublic and private workplaces.Results:96.6%of dentists were aware of radiation protection.However,nearly 35%were aware of ALARA(as low as reasonably achievable)principle and 73.9%thought that dental X-rays are harmful.63.6%of subjects used digital image receptor.Only 16.7%of them used a film holder and more than 60%didn't follow the position and distance rule.The median knowledge score was 7[5,9],and there was a statistically significant difference according to dentist qualification(P=0.007),dental radiation protection continuous training(P<0.0001),age(P=0.007)and years of experience(P=0.039).The median practice score was 5[4,6]and there was a statically significance association according to workplace setting(P=0.001).There was a significant positive relationship between knowledge score and practice score(r=0.24,P<0.0001).Dentist qualification(OR 0.51,95%CI:0.27–0.94,P=0.03)and continuous training(OR 2.40,95%CI:1.47–3.93,P<0.0001)were significant predictors of knowledge,while workplace setting(OR 0.54,95%CI:0.32–0.93,P=0.027)and knowledge score(OR 1.24,95%CI:1.12–1.38,P<0.0001)were predictors of practices.Conclusion:Improving dentists'knowledge of radiation protection measures and tools as well as dose reduction techniques could increase their safe practices in dental radiology.

Visiting Patients at Home: Reasons and Efficiency of Dental House Calls

This retrospective study analyzes indications for house calls by dentists in a domiciliary setting. Its database consists in 69 visits made by a dentist office in Munich from 1998 to 2013 at the homes of 29 non-institutionalized seniors (≥62 years old, 15 females, 14 males, average age 83.7 years old). The analysis focused on the patients’ general state of health, their dental and oral health, the kinds of dental treatments administered, as well as economic aspects and the quantitative development in the frequency of house calls during the study period. The most frequent pre-existing conditions that made a house call necessary were cardiovascular illnesses (60%) and dementia diseases (36%). Multi-morbidity, dependency on care, accessibility issues, and frailty because of advanced age played a central role. The patients’ oral health was acceptable, with the exception of those with dementia diseases, who were more frequently toothless (40% versus 5.6%) and had a higher percentage of carious and decayed teeth (26.3% versus 10.3%). The most frequent procedures were treatments for denture sores and the repair of removable dentures (53.6%). The main focus was on reparative dentistry. The average house call took 37 minutes including travel time. Thus, the time needed was a multiple of the time necessary for treatment in the dental office. The lack of economic efficiency may be the reason why many dentists in Germany hesitate to make house calls. Despite the introduction of additional fees for the treatment of patients in need of long-term care on April 1, 2013, the number of house calls is low and increases only slowly. At the same time, the need for house calls will rise in the future due to an increasing proportion of elderly persons in the population and a decline in the percentage of toothless elderly.

我国部分省市口腔医生基本结构调查报告

为了解中国部分省市口腔医生基本结构的现状和特征,本文采用分层普查的方法,将调查表格分发到部分省市各级口腔卫生机构中。共收集到7个省市完整的调查资料,采用SPSS 14.0软件包进行资料的统计分析。共有口腔医生30 727人,口腔医生占口腔卫生人员总数的73.1%,口腔医生平均服务人口为11 579人。合理配置口腔医生结构,加强对口腔医生的继续教育,是我国满足人民群众的口腔医疗服务需求的保证。

放大镜和显微镜对口腔修复医生体位的人体工程学影响

目的:研究放大镜和显微镜对口腔修复医生贴面牙体预备时体位的影响,从人体工程学角度对放大镜和显微镜的临床应用价值进行评价。方法:从北京大学口腔医院修复科选择20名口腔修复医生进行前瞻性、单盲、自身对照试验。研究过程中不告知受试者研究的试验假设和真实目的,每人依次在常规视野下(空白对照组)、2.5倍头戴式放大镜下(放大镜组)和8倍医用显微镜下(显微镜组)在仿头模内完成右上中切牙开窗型贴面牙体预备,试验过程中拍摄医生的侧面和正面体位照片。贴面牙体预备完成后,由医生本人利用视觉模拟评分法对自身体位进行主观评分,由两名专家利用侧面和正面体位照片按照“改良口腔医生体位评分表”对医生的体位进行专家评分。结果:空白对照组、放大镜组和显微镜组的主观评分分别为4.55±1.96、7.90±1.12、9.00±0.92,三组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);专家评分分别为16.38±1.52、15.15±1.30、13.60±0.88,三组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组的专家评分在躯干前后向位置(1.33±0.41、1.03±0.11、1.00±0.00)、头颈前后向位置(2.75±0.38、2.13±0.36、1.23±0.38)、肘关节位置(1.38±0.43、1.40±0.45、1.13±0.22)和肩部高度(1.43±0.41、1.23±0.34、1.13±0.28)这4项评分上的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中,在头颈前后向位置和肘关节位置方面,放大镜组与显微镜组之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:放大镜和显微镜均能改善口腔修复医生牙体预备时的体位,其中显微镜的效果更好,从人体工程学的角度二者均具有较高的临床应用价值。

口腔医师应加强对门诊医疗突发事件的认知和处理能力

近年来,大型专科口腔医院口腔颌面外科门诊的就诊量在逐年增多,相应的医疗风险也随之增加,其中包括可能危及患者生命的医疗突发事件。最常见的突发事件有晕厥,其次是过度换气、药物过量、肾上腺素反应以及高血压等。突发事件主要发生在治疗结束未离开口腔诊室前、局部麻醉过程中或紧随局部麻醉后以及治疗过程中。牙齿拔除相关的突发事件最多,其次是局部麻醉相关。强烈提示口腔医师应该重视门诊临床突发事件的处理,进行相关知识和技能的培训,提高应对突发事件的能力。

基于排队论模型的口腔科门诊医师配置量化分析

目的排队论是研究排队系统的一门数学理论和方法,主要是在对各种排队系统概率规律性进行研究的基础上,解决排队系统的最优设计和最优控制问题。文章探讨案例医院口腔科门诊患者能接受的最长候诊时间,利用排队论模型对口腔科门诊医师配置进行量化分析。方法对解放军空军总医院口腔科就诊患者进行问卷调查,运用工时测量法和排队论模型,计算口腔科门诊排队系统中的各项运行指标,结合患者能接受的最长候诊时间的调查结果,得出合理的医师配置数量。结果患者能接受的最长候诊时间为(34.02±7.07)min,门诊工作日上、下午分别配置25名和16名医师出诊最为合理。结论利用排队论的方法可以较好地优化口腔科门诊人力资源配置,为提高服务效果提供科学的参考。

牙科医生对感染控制的态度和行为分析

目的 :了解武汉市牙科医生对感染控制的态度 ,评价其感染控制行为。方法 :采用机械抽样方法随机抽取武汉市牙科医生 5 0 0人 ,采用WHO提供的问卷调查表进行问卷调查。结果 :共有 35 7名牙科医生参与了本研究 ,回答率为 71%。 4 9%的牙医治疗时戴手套 ;2 4 .8%的人在治疗下一个病人时更换手套 ;治疗中使用的已灭菌的器械比例较低 ;约 80 %的牙科医生接种了乙肝疫苗 ;在过去一年中只有 33%的人接受过学习和培训 ,但 94 %的人认为需要更多的关于牙科感染控制方面的知识。结论 :牙科医生感染控制行为较差 ,提示应加强牙科医生的再教育 。

儿童口腔科医师实施行为管理相关问题调查分析

目的对儿童口腔科医师在门诊工作中与行为管理有关的工作内容及医生的工作压力进行调查,并就相关因素进行分析。方法对参加第五届全国儿童口腔医学会议的139名医生进行问卷调查,并对有关因素进行分析。结果在大学附属医院工作的医生更倾向于进行母子分离、过去一个月内44.6%的医生接诊过有行为问题的儿童。获得了具体各种行为管理方法应用情况的资料。另外51.5%的医生感觉门诊工作有比较大的压力。结论目前儿童口腔医生在镇静全麻等特定方法的应用上还有待加强,工作压力所可能导致的对健康的影响不容忽视。

影响部队人员口腔卫生服务利用的多因素分析

目的以Logistic回归方法分析部队人员口腔卫生服务利用与否的某些影响因素的关系,为建立我军合理有效的口腔卫生服务体系提供依据。方法采用分层、整群、随机抽样方法,抽取陆军、海军、空军团以下单位部队人员进行调查,用Logistic回归建立卫生服务利用的就诊概率模型。结果调查总人数为1 269人,单变量分析的结果显示,文化程度高者、军衔高者、年龄高者牙科就诊率较高;多变量分析的结果表明,年龄、兵源、兵种、军衔、口腔疾病治疗要求、龋齿、第三磨牙阻生7个变量有统计学意义。结论我军部队人员的口腔卫生服务利用主要取决于多种因素的影响。

口腔医生的骨骼肌肉系统疾病研究进展

骨骼肌肉系统疾病已经成为影响口腔医生职业健康的危险因素。其中,腰背部的发病率为45%～60.1%,肩颈部的发病率为38%～72%,手腕部的发病率为14%～64%,下肢的发病率为6.3%～47.8%。分析显示,危险因素包括了口腔医生的临床操作体位和动作,工作负荷,社会心理因素等。针对以上危险因素,可以采取的预防措施包括正确的口腔操作体位,合理休息,采用数字化和可视化的口腔操作仪器等。本文就骨骼肌肉系统疾病对口腔医生健康的影响、影响口腔医生健康的危险因素、口腔医生健康的预防措施等研究进展作一综述。

海南省口腔医生职业倦怠现状调查

目的调查分析口腔科医生的职业倦怠现状以及影响因素,以便寻找积极应对措施.方便口腔医生更好的找到提高工作效率以及工作积极性的方法.方法调查主要采用MBI-GS调查问卷形式.结果 52%的被试者存在情绪衰竭;58%的被试者存在玩世不恭,61%的被试者存在成就感低落.女性的情绪衰竭较男性重,工资满意度与口腔医生的情绪有明显相关性(P<0.05);婚姻状况、不同性质单位与职业倦怠无较大联系,得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),不同职称口腔科医生职业倦怠水平相近.结论海南地区口腔医师有一定程度职业倦怠,应采取多样化治疗措施因地制宜地预防和应对职业倦怠,不同的影响因素采取多样化治疗措施预防和矫治职业倦怠.