Tumor recurrence and survival prognosis in patients with advanced gastric cancer after radical resection with radiotherapy and chemotherapy

BACKGROUND Advanced gastric cancer is a common malignancy that is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and is still at risk of recurrence after radical surgical treatment.Chemoradiotherapy,as one of the important treatment methods for gastric cancer,is of great significance for improving the survival rate of patients.However,the tumor recurrence and survival prognosis of gastric cancer patients after radio-therapy and chemotherapy are still uncertain.AIM To analyze the tumor recurrence after radical radiotherapy and chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer and provide more in-depth guidance for clinicians.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on 171 patients with gastric cancer who received postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy in our hospital from 2021 to 2023.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the recurrence rate and survival rate;the log-rank method was used to analyze the single-factor prognosis;and the Cox model was used to analyze the prognosis associated with multiple factors.RESULTS The median follow-up time of the whole group was 63 months,and the follow-up rate was 93.6%.Stage II and III patients accounted for 31.0%and 66.7%,respec-tively.The incidences of Grade 3 and above acute gastrointestinal reactions and hematological adverse reactions were 8.8%and 9.9%,respectively.A total of 166 patients completed the entire chemoradiotherapy regimen,during which no adverse reaction-related deaths occurred.In terms of the recurrence pattern,17 patients had local recurrence,29 patients had distant metastasis,and 12 patients had peritoneal implantation metastasis.The 1-year,3-year,and 5-year overall survival(OS)rates were 83.7%,66.3%,and 60.0%,respectively.The 1-year,3-year,and 5-year disease-free survival rates were 75.5%,62.7%,and 56.5%,respectively.Multivariate analysis revealed that T stage,peripheral nerve invasion,and the lymph node metastasis rate(LNR)were independent prognostic factors for OS.CONCLUSION Postoperative intensity-modulated radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy for gastric cancer treatment is well tolerated and has acceptable adverse effects,which is beneficial for local tumor control and can improve the long-term survival of patients.The LNR was an independent prognostic factor for OS.For patients with a high risk of local recurrence,postoperative adjuvant chemoradiation should be considered.

Advanced glycation end product:A potential biomarker for risk stratification of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in ELSA-Brasil study

BACKGROUND Liver diseases are associated with the excess formation of advanced glycation end products(AGEs),which induce tissue inflammation and oxidative damage.However,the trend of oxidative marker levels according to the steatosis grade in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is unclear.AIM To compare serum AGE levels between participants with NAFLD accordingly to steatosis severity in the baseline ELSA-Brasil population.METHODS In 305 individuals at baseline ELSA-Brasil,NAFLD-associated steatosis was classified by ultrasound hepatic attenuation.The participants were grouped according to the severity of steatosis:mild and moderate/severe pooled.The measurement of serum fluorescent AGE concentrations was based on spectrofluorimetric detection.Serum AGE content and clinical and laboratory characteristics of the participants were compared between groups.The correlation between serum AGE levels and the grade of steatosis was analyzed.Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between serum AGE levels and steatosis severity.A P value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS According to the steatosis severity spectrum in NAFLD,from mild to moderate/severe,individuals with the most severe steatosis grade had a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome(63%vs 34%,P≤0.001),diabetes mellitus(37%vs 14%,P≤0.001),and high cholesterol levels(51%vs 33%,P<0.001).Moreover,individuals with increasing severity of steatosis presented increasing waist circumference,body mass index,systolic and diastolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,glycated hemoglobin,insulin,triglycerides,alanine aminotransferase,gamma-glutamyl transferase,C-reactive protein,and uric acid levels and lower high-density lipoprotein.Higher serum AGE content was present in the moderate/severe group of individuals than in the mild group(P=0.008).In addition,the serum AGE levels were correlated with the steatosis grade in the overall sample(rho=0.146,P=0.010).Logistic regression analysis,after adjusting for confounding variables,showed that subjects with higher serum AGE content had a 4.6-fold increased chance of having moderate or severe steatosis when compared to low levels of serum AGEs.According to the results of the receiver operator characteristic curves analyses(areas under the curve,AUC=0.83),AGEs could be a good marker of steatosis severity in patients with NAFLD and might be a potential biomarker in predicting NAFLD progression,strengthening the involvement of AGE in NAFLD pathogenesis.CONCLUSION NAFLD-associated steatosis was associated with serum AGE levels;therefore,plasmatic fluorescent AGE quantification by spectroscopy could be a promising alternative method to monitor progression from mild to severe NAFLD accordingly to steatosis grade.

FOLFOXIRI vs FOLFIRINOX as first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer: A population-based cohort study

BACKGROUND FOLFIRINOX regimen is the first-line reference chemotherapy(L1)in advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(aPDAC).FOLFOXIRI,a schedule with a lower dose of irinotecan and no bolus 5-fluorouracil,has demonstrated efficacy and feasibility in colorectal cancer.AIM To investigate the potential clinical value of FOLFOXIRI in patients with aPDAC in routine clinical practice.METHODS Analyses were derived from all consecutive aPDAC patients treated in L1 between January 2011 and December 2017 in two French institutions,with either FOLFOXIRI(n=165)or FOLFIRINOX(n=124)regimens.FOLFOXIRI consisted of irinotecan(165 mg/m2),oxaliplatin(85 mg/m2),leucovorin(200 mg/m2)and 5-fluorouracil(3200 mg/m2 as a 48-h continuous infusion)every 2 wk.Ninety-six pairs of patients were selected through propensity score matching,and clinical outcomes of the two treatment regimens were compared.RESULTS Median overall survival was 11.1 mo in the FOLFOXIRI and 11.6 mo in the FOLFIRINOX cohorts,respectively.After propensity score matching,survival rates remained similar between the two regimens in terms of overall survival(hazard ratio=1.22;P=0.219)and progression-free survival(hazard ratio=1.27;P=0.120).The objective response rate was 37.1%in the FOLFOXIRI group vs 47.8%in the FOLFIRINOX group(P=0.187).Grade 3/4 toxicities occurred in 28.7%of patients in the FOLFOXIRI cohort vs 19.5%in the FOLFIRINOX cohort(P=0.079).FOLFOXIRI was associated with a higher incidence of grade 3/4 digestive adverse events.Hematopoietic growth factors were used after each chemotherapy cycle and the low hematological toxicity rates were below 5%with both regimens.CONCLUSION FOLFOXIRI is feasible in L1 in patients with aPDAC but does not confer any therapeutic benefit as compared with FOLFIRINOX.The low hematological toxicity rates strengthened the relevance of primary prophylaxis with hematopoietic growth factors.

TEGAFUR PLUS MMC OR ACNU IN THE TREATMENT OF ADVANCED GASTRIC CANCER-A PILOT STUDY

Twenty four cases of advanced gastric cancer were divided into two groups according to the general condition of the patients (PS 0-2 and 3-4), further subdivided into localized abdominal form, liver metastatic form, ascitic form and distant metastatic form. These patients were allocated randomly into Regimen A or B. Regimen A: Tegafur 600 mg daily and Mitomycin C (MMC) 5 mg/m2/1-2 weeks. Regimen B: Tegafur 600 mg daily and ACNU (Nimustine, water-soluble Nitrosourea) 60 mg/week for 2 weeks. After a course of ACNU, it was with drawn for 4 weeks and then resumed again. The response rate of Regimen A was 3/11 (27%), that of Regimen B was 3/13 (23%).

Therapeutic Evaluation on Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Treated by Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine──Clinical Analysis of 56 Cases

Objective: In comparison with chemotherapy, to evaluate therapeutic effects on advanced pancreatic cancer treated by integrative Chinese and western medicine (ICWM) therapies. Methods: Based on the retrospective study of 56 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer, life table was applied to the analysis of patients' survival rate and Xz test to the comparison of therapeutic response between ICWM and chemotherapy groups. Results: The results showed that 1-year survival rate in the ICWM group was 55. 37%±3.24%; 2-year survival rate 34. 61%±16. 31%; 3-year survival rate 25. 96%±24. 64%; 5-year survival rate 25. 96%±24.64%; and median survival period 16. 3 months. However 1-year survival rate in the chemotherapy group was 21. 95%±27. 54% ; 2-year survival rate 7. 31%±27. 54% ; 3-year survival rate 0 % ; and median survival period 7. 5 months. The therapeutic effects between two groups were significantly different (P=0. 004). Further analysis suggested that the reduction of cancer mass in the ICWM group was more than that in chemotherapy group (P=0.049) and the improvement of advanced pancreatic cancer related-symptoms better than that of chemotherapy group (P = 0. 002). Conclusion: The ICWM comprehensive therapy is of important value in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer.

Advances in TCM Treatment of Gastric Cancer and Studies on the Apoptosis

The significance of apoptosis in gastric cancer is now widely recognized, and the induction of apoptosis as a new approach to treat gastric cancer has aroused great interest. In recent years, studies on certain TCM drugs for treating gastric cancer and for inducing apoptosis have brought about great attention both at home and abroad. The following is a summary made in this aspect.

Advance in Matrix Effect Study of LA-MC-ICPMS U-Pb Dating on U-Bearing Oxide Minerals

Objective With the development of analytic technologies, in-situ dating on U-bearing oxide minerals （e.g., cassiterite, rutile and baddeleyite） has been widely used in geological chronological researches and has attracted remarkable attention to explore evolution of the earth and obtain age information of various geological processes. Matrix effect related studies are especially important during in-situ U- Pb dating based on Laser Ablation Multiple Collector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry （LA-MC- ICPMS）. However, to our knowledge, only few thorough and systematical matrix effect study of U-bearing oxide minerals has been reported. In this study, we systematically analyzed the matrix effect of U-bearing oxide minerals in order to take place the standards which are difficult to prepare with available standards.

Advances in Studies on Treatment of Chronic Renal Failure with Ethnic Medicines

At present, the incidence of the chronic renal failure(CRF) is on the rise, and ethnic medicines have made significant achievements in the CRF treatment. In view of this, this paper reviewed the progress of ethnic medicines in the CRF treatment, to provide certain references for the personalized treatment of the CRF. Finally, it came up with the new recommendations for proper development and utilization of ethnic medicines.

Advances in Studies of Increase of Farmers' Income

The issue concerning increase of farmers' income is always a hot spot from central to local areas. Scholars of economics,sociology,and history have made extensive theoretical and empirical studies on this and relevant achievements are abundant. This paper firstly summarized relevant literature research achievements of domestic and foreign scholars. From various agricultural supporting and benefiting policies of central and local government in recent years,it found out major factors restricting growth of farmers' income. From economic development rules,combining theories of regional comparative advantages,agricultural development and regional economic development,it is expected to solve problems in increase of farmers' income,and realize scientific policies and management,accurate strategies,advanced and feasible decisions. Finally,it came up with pertinent recommendations for increasing farmers' income.

Computer Assisted Pathway Generation for Atrazine Degradation in Advanced Oxidation Processes

A model was developed to generate the complex degradation pathway of contaminants initiated by hydroxyl radical in the advanced oxidation processes. The model abstracts chemical structures into mathematic graphs. The manipulation of the graphs enumerates the reactions among the large number of molecules, radicals, and other intermediates in the advanced oxidation processes. Using Canonical Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification (Canonical SMILE) representation, the algorithm was able to simulate the reaction of contaminants containing both chain and ring structures. The input chemicals, reaction pattern, and the reaction rules could be specified by users through a graphical user interface. The degradation pathway of Atrazine was used as an example to demonstrate the capability of the algorithm. The generated reaction pathways were compared with those reported in literatures.

Treatment Patterns and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma in the Community Oncology Setting

Advanced basal cell carcinoma (aBCC) includes metastatic and locally advanced BCC that is inoperable (or with surgery contraindicated). We describe patient characteristics and treatment history for aBCC cases from community oncology. Nine cases of aBCC were found within the ACORN Data Warehouse, a community oncology database of >180,000 cancer patients. Data were summarized descriptively. Three illustrative case histories are presented. Patients were predominantly Caucasian (8/9), male (6/9), and over 60 (6/9). Four had metastatic disease;five had aBCC without metastasis. Five had a history of treatment for early stage BCC, including surgery (5/5), radiation (1/5), and none had chemotherapy. Those with history of early stage BCC had periods of apparent lack of follow-up and treatment. One had chemotherapy for aBCC (platinum based with radiation) and eight had radiation without chemotherapy. Patients had multiple comorbid serious medical conditions. Six were deceased, but only one was documented to have aBCC as cause of death. Advanced BCC is rare in community oncology settings. There appear to be gaps in the care and follow-up of patients with initial early stage BCC. More data and larger samples are needed from multi-specialty databases such as dermatology and head and neck surgery.

Advances in Studies on Nonlinear Atmospheric Waves

A review on the progress in the research of nonlinear atmospheric waves, especially the nonlinear Rossby waves is made in this paper. Many results reported here have been obtained in Peking University.

Recent Advances in Studies of the Structure of Starch Granules

作者综述了其实验室在淀粉颗粒结构研究方面的一些最新进展．这些研究包括淀粉颗粒的形态、支链淀粉的分枝结构、淀粉中磷的结构和含量，以及直链和支链淀粉在淀粉颗粒中的定位，将有助于增进我们对淀粉颗粒结构的了解．淀粉结构的知识也将帮助我们理解淀粉的性质，譬如易消化性、淀粉糊的性质和直链淀粉的淅滤方式等．

THE ADVANCES IN SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF NEW NUCLIDES IN CHINA

This paper introduces the importance of synthesis and study of new nuclides far from the stability line. Following the example of new nuclides 208Hg, 185Hf and 237Th, which were synthesized for the first time by the scientists in the Institute of Modern Physics, the progress of physics and technology in this aspect in our country are summarized. This paper also outlines a proposal about farther development of the synthesis and study of new nuclides and the construction of relevant key facilities in our country at the beginning of the next century.

ADVANCES IN STUDY OF INTERACTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH RAINSTORM

ＡＤＶＡＮＣＥＳＩＮＳＴＵＤＹＯＦＩＮＴＥＲＡＣＴＩＯＮＳＡＳＳＯＣＩＡＴＥＤＷＩＴＨＲＡＩＮＳＴＯＲＭ￥ＭａＳｎｕｆｅｎ（马淑芬）（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＳｙｎｏｐｔｉｃａｎｄＤｙｎａｍｉｃＭｅｔｅｏｒｏｌｏｇｙ）Ｂｅｉｊｉｎｇ１０００８１ａｎｄＤ...

晚期恶性肿瘤患者癌因性疲乏现状及其影响因素

目的 了解晚期恶性肿瘤患者抗肿瘤治疗期间癌因性疲乏现状,并分析其影响因素,为临床护理干预提供依据。方法 采用便利抽样法,选取2022年1月至8月在北京市某三级甲等综合医院肿瘤内科住院并接受抗肿瘤治疗的279例晚期恶性肿瘤患者作为研究对象,采用癌症疲乏量表(cancer fatigue scale,CFS)、化疗消化道症状量表(chemotherapy-related gastrointestinal symptoms inventory,CGISI)、营养风险筛查2002量表(nutritional risk screening 2002,NRS2002)进行调查,采用Logistic回归分析患者癌症疲乏得分的影响因素。结果 279例患者均完成研究。204例(73.1%)患者存在癌因性疲乏。Logistic回归分析显示,体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、文化程度、家庭人均月收入和糖尿病均是癌因性疲乏的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 晚期恶性肿瘤患者在抗肿瘤治疗期间癌因性疲乏发生率较高,BMI过低、文化程度低、家庭人均月收入较低及糖尿病为晚期恶性肿瘤患者癌因性疲乏的危险因素,可据此实施针对性干预,降低疲乏发生率。

文明形态与世界文学话语变革——梁展教授访谈录

世界文学既是作品,也是各民族文学之间的对话;既是存在,也处于不断生成之中;既是理念,也是实践。世界文学研究自20世纪后期开始逐渐走向研究前沿,随着全球化复杂的发展趋势,其研究意义愈加凸显,由此对相关的方法论议题持续进行反思显得尤为迫切。近年来,梁展教授在世界文学研究领域成果卓著。他通过梳理英语、法语、德语的多语种原始文献,剖析了大量不同国别的文本与相关历史事件。他以开阔的研究视野,展示了如何将文学、文化概念与范畴视为鲜活的话语实践,去揭示知识与世界之间种种的微妙关系,进而在历史和现实中追问民族、首创性、霸权、现代性等相关话语形成的过程、策略与特征。

基于“5C标准”的三种高级商务汉语听说教材分析

商务汉语听说教材是培养学习者听说能力的重要载体。本文选取2000年后出版的三种高级商务汉语听说教材,以“5C标准”为依据,考察了教材在编写体例、话题设置、听力语料及练习设计等方面的特点。分析发现,这三种教材包括热身话题、生词和语言点、听前训练、听后练习和综合练习等板块;话题以业务类为主,关注协商洽谈,文化类话题占比不高;每课平均题量18个,口语、听说与听力练习比例相当,交际型练习约占20%;语料长度大体在300字以内,每段生词量在11个以内;录音以对话为主,语速根据语料难易变化。最后,本文提出加强交际性、文化性、联系性、比较性及社区性等编写建议。

中国城市地区高龄孕妇孕期增重情况

目的了解中国城市地区高龄孕妇孕期增重情况,探讨高龄孕妇孕期增重特点,为临床科学开展高龄孕妇体重管理提供参考。方法依托国家重点研发计划高龄孕产妇队列研究,纳入2017年7月至2021年6月在国内7个大城市8家三甲医院进行孕期体检和分娩的13567名孕妇,其中高龄孕妇(分娩年龄≥35岁)10972名,非高龄孕妇2595名。收集孕妇人口学信息和孕期随访资料,计算孕期总增重和孕期别增重,并按国内《妊娠期妇女体重增长推荐值标准》分为增重不足、增重合适和增重过度三组。采用混合效应线性模型估计高龄与非高龄孕妇孕期增重均值差值(MD),采用混合效应多分类Logistic模型估计高龄与非高龄孕妇增重不足和增重过度比值比(OR),采用分段线性混合效应模型拟合绘制高龄和非高龄孕妇的孕期增重轨迹。结果高龄孕妇平均孕期总增重为(12.7±4.9)kg,增重不足和增重过度者分别占比12.1%和45.8%。高龄与非高龄孕妇孕期总增重差异不具有统计学意义(调整MD=-0.2 kg,95%CI:-0.5~0.1 kg),孕期总增重不足和过度的风险差异也未见统计学意义(增重不足:调整OR=0.99,95%CI:0.81~1.20;增重过度:调整OR=0.92,95%CI:0.81~1.04)。分孕期看,与非高龄孕妇相比,高龄孕妇孕早期增重更多(调整MD=0.3 kg,95%CI:0.1~0.4 kg),孕中晚期增重更少(调整MD=-0.4 kg,95%CI:-0.7~-0.2 kg);孕早期增重不足和增重过度的风险均增加(增重不足:调整OR=1.28,95%CI:1.02~1.60;增重过度:调整OR=1.32,95%CI:1.16~1.51);孕中晚期增重不足的风险增加(调整OR=1.21,95%CI:1.02~1.43)。孕期增重轨迹也显示,高龄孕妇孕早期增重多于非高龄孕妇,而孕中晚期增重少于非高龄孕妇。结论中国城市地区高龄孕妇孕期总增重为(12.7±4.9)kg,增重不足和增重过度的比例分别为12.1%和45.8%,即有超过一半的高龄孕妇存在孕期增重不适宜的问题,值得关注。与非高龄孕妇相比,高龄孕妇孕早期增重不足和增重过度的风险均升高,孕中晚期增重不足的风险升高,提示临床宜针对高龄孕妇孕期增重特点开展精细化、规范化的孕期体重管理。