Evaluating the Derivative Value of Smart Grid Investment under Dual Carbon Target: A Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Analysis

With the goal of“carbon peaking and carbon neutralization”,it is an inevitable trend for investing smart grid to promote the large-scale grid connection of renewable energy.Smart grid investment has a significant driving effect(derivative value),and evaluating this value can help to more accurately grasp the external effects of smart grid investment and support the realization of industrial linkage value with power grid investment as the core.Therefore,by analyzing the characterization of the derivative value of smart grid driven by investment,this paper constructs the evaluation index system of the derivative value of smart grid investment including 11 indicators.Then,the hybrid evaluation model of the derivative value of smart grid investment is developed based on anti-entropy weight(AEW),level based weight assessment(LBWA),and measurement alternatives and ranking according to the compromise solution(MARCOS)techniques.The results of case analysis show that for SG investment,the value of sustainable development can better reflect its derivative value,and when smart grid performs poorly in promoting renewable energy consumption,improving primary energy efficiency,and improving its own fault resistance,the driving force of its investment for future sustainable development will decline significantly,making the grid investment lack derivative value.In addition,smart grid investment needs to pay attention to the economy of investment,which is an important guarantee to ensure that the power grid has sufficient and stable sources of investment funds.Finally,compared with three comparison models,the proposed hybrid multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)model can better improve the decision-making efficiency on the premise of ensuring robustness.

ON SOLVABILITY OF A BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM FOR A NONHOMOGENEOUS BIHARMONIC EQUATION WITH A BOUNDARY OPERATOR OF A FRACTIONAL ORDER

This paper is concerned with the solvability of a boundary value problem for a nonhomogeneous biharmonic equation. The boundary data is determined by a differential operator of fractional order in the Riemann-Liouville sense. The considered problem is a generalization of the known Dirichlet and Neumann problems.

New approach for uncertain random multi-objective programming problems based on C_(ESD) criterion

To overcome the defects that the traditional ap-proach for multi-objective programming under uncertain ran-dom environment(URMOP)neglects the randomness and uncer-tainty of the problem and the volatility of the results,a new ap-proach is proposed based on expected value-standard devi-ation value criterion(C_(ESD) criterion).Firstly,the effective solution to the URMOP problem is defined;then,by applying sequence relationship between the uncertain random variables,the UR-MOP problem is transformed into a single-objective program-ming(SOP)under uncertain random environment(URSOP),which are transformed into a deterministic counterpart based on the C_(ESD) criterion.Then the validity of the new approach is proved that the optimal solution to the SOP problem is also effi-cient for the URMOP problem;finally,a numerical example and a case application are presented to show the effectiveness of the new approach.

Correcting the initialization of models with fractional derivatives via history-dependent conditions

Fractional differential equations are more and more used in modeling memory（history-dependent,nonlocal,or hereditary） phenomena.Conventional initial values of fractional differential equations are define at a point,while recent works defin initial conditions over histories.We prove that the conventional initialization of fractional differential equations with a Riemann–Liouville derivative is wrong with a simple counter-example.The initial values were assumed to be arbitrarily given for a typical fractional differential equation,but we fin one of these values can only be zero.We show that fractional differential equations are of infinit dimensions,and the initial conditions,initial histories,are define as functions over intervals.We obtain the equivalent integral equation for Caputo case.With a simple fractional model of materials,we illustrate that the recovery behavior is correct with the initial creep history,but is wrong with initial values at the starting point of the recovery.We demonstrate the application of initial history by solving a forced fractional Lorenz system numerically.