Rechargeable lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries,featuring high energy density,low cost,and environmental friendliness,have been dubbed as one of the most promising candidates to replace current commercial rechargeable Li-i...Rechargeable lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries,featuring high energy density,low cost,and environmental friendliness,have been dubbed as one of the most promising candidates to replace current commercial rechargeable Li-ion batteries.However,their practical deployment has long been plagued by the infamous“shuttle effect”of soluble Li polysulfides(LiPSs)and the rampant growth of Li dendrites.Therefore,it is important to specifically elucidate the solvation structure in the Li-S system and systematically summarize the feasibility strategies that can simultaneously suppress the shuttle effect and the growth of Li dendrites for practical applications.This review attempts to achieve this goal.In this review,we first introduce the importance of developing Li-S batteries and highlight the key challenges.Then,we revisit the working principles of Li-S batteries and underscore the fundamental understanding of LiPSs.Next,we summarize some representative characterization techniques and theoretical calculations applied to characterize the solvation structure of LiPSs.Afterward,we overview feasible designing strategies that can simultaneously suppress the shuttle effect of soluble LiPSs and the growth of Li dendrites.Finally,we conclude and propose personal insights and perspectives on the future development of Li-S batteries.We envisage that this timely review can provide some inspiration to build better Li-S batteries for promoting practical applications.展开更多
This paper demonstrates the general character of some technology designing processes through their analysisand introduces a developing tool for the expert system in technology design.With this tool a particular domain...This paper demonstrates the general character of some technology designing processes through their analysisand introduces a developing tool for the expert system in technology design.With this tool a particular domain ex-pert can directly establish a knowledge base so as to form a practical expert system,and thus enhanca correctness ofknowledge experssion and the developing efficiency of the expert system.It also discusses in detail the mech-anism of reasoning,interpreting and knowledge obtaining.The knowledge base consists of three parts:classifyingrules,essential data,and regulating rules.It can be formed by means of the expert dialouge and edition.In its ap-plication,the knowledge base can constantly accumulate successful experience to achieve itsself-study function.The paper shows the way to describe the knowledge in a particular domain and the process of applying this tool ina particular domain. The tool is written in Turb-Prolog language,And an expert system for cocoon cooking isprovided.展开更多
The CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing has many advantages over its counterparts and could ultimately assist in disease control and molecular breeding in aquaculture.Single-guide RNA(sgRNA)design is presumably the most crucia...The CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing has many advantages over its counterparts and could ultimately assist in disease control and molecular breeding in aquaculture.Single-guide RNA(sgRNA)design is presumably the most crucial task in a typical CRISPR-Cas9 experiment;an understanding of algorithms behind sgRNA design programs is thus essential for improved efficacy and specificity.We focus this review on the bioinformatics aspects in genome editing experiments and describe commonly used computational approaches and tools of sgRNA design and outcome assessment.We show an example of sgRNA design with optimal parameter settings and appropriate interpretation of results and present a brief overview of CRISPR-Cas9 applications,such as genetic improvement and sustainability in aquaculture.We discuss challenging issues,particularly in the context of computational biology,in the use of computational tools in CRISPR-based genome editing.This review provides a synthesis of bioinformatics tools used for CRISPR-Cas9 sgRNA design and outcome assessment and offers a general view of CRISPR-based applications in farmed fish,which are expected to facilitate genome editing programs and hence improve aquaculture breeding,production,and sustainability.展开更多
三维参数化、可视化设计是现代机械设计的发展趋势之一.在AutoCAD软件的二次开发工具VBA(visual basic for application)中,开发了刨齿刀三维参数化和可视化设计软件.在AutoCAD软件中进行刨齿刀三维参数化建模,利用生成的刨齿刀三维实...三维参数化、可视化设计是现代机械设计的发展趋势之一.在AutoCAD软件的二次开发工具VBA(visual basic for application)中,开发了刨齿刀三维参数化和可视化设计软件.在AutoCAD软件中进行刨齿刀三维参数化建模,利用生成的刨齿刀三维实体模型,在Pro/Engineer,ANSYS软件中进行刨齿刀有限元分析.制造了硬齿面圆锥直齿轮刨齿刀,对刀具的磨损进行分析,为刀具的快速开发提供条件.展开更多
在分析制造业面临的新挑战以及网络化制造特点的基础上 ,提出了基于 Web的异地协同设计制造系统的体系结构并开发了一个实际系统 e CWS (e- cooperative work system ) .详细介绍了该系统的功能和关键技术的实现 ,包括协同系统管理、协...在分析制造业面临的新挑战以及网络化制造特点的基础上 ,提出了基于 Web的异地协同设计制造系统的体系结构并开发了一个实际系统 e CWS (e- cooperative work system ) .详细介绍了该系统的功能和关键技术的实现 ,包括协同系统管理、协同工作管理、协同应用、约束管理和冲突消解、协同工具、安全控制、分布式产品数据管理等技术 .最后介绍了应用实例 .展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51972064 and 52222315)
文摘Rechargeable lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries,featuring high energy density,low cost,and environmental friendliness,have been dubbed as one of the most promising candidates to replace current commercial rechargeable Li-ion batteries.However,their practical deployment has long been plagued by the infamous“shuttle effect”of soluble Li polysulfides(LiPSs)and the rampant growth of Li dendrites.Therefore,it is important to specifically elucidate the solvation structure in the Li-S system and systematically summarize the feasibility strategies that can simultaneously suppress the shuttle effect and the growth of Li dendrites for practical applications.This review attempts to achieve this goal.In this review,we first introduce the importance of developing Li-S batteries and highlight the key challenges.Then,we revisit the working principles of Li-S batteries and underscore the fundamental understanding of LiPSs.Next,we summarize some representative characterization techniques and theoretical calculations applied to characterize the solvation structure of LiPSs.Afterward,we overview feasible designing strategies that can simultaneously suppress the shuttle effect of soluble LiPSs and the growth of Li dendrites.Finally,we conclude and propose personal insights and perspectives on the future development of Li-S batteries.We envisage that this timely review can provide some inspiration to build better Li-S batteries for promoting practical applications.
文摘This paper demonstrates the general character of some technology designing processes through their analysisand introduces a developing tool for the expert system in technology design.With this tool a particular domain ex-pert can directly establish a knowledge base so as to form a practical expert system,and thus enhanca correctness ofknowledge experssion and the developing efficiency of the expert system.It also discusses in detail the mech-anism of reasoning,interpreting and knowledge obtaining.The knowledge base consists of three parts:classifyingrules,essential data,and regulating rules.It can be formed by means of the expert dialouge and edition.In its ap-plication,the knowledge base can constantly accumulate successful experience to achieve itsself-study function.The paper shows the way to describe the knowledge in a particular domain and the process of applying this tool ina particular domain. The tool is written in Turb-Prolog language,And an expert system for cocoon cooking isprovided.
基金This publication was made possible through funding support from the National Science Foundation(DBI-1919574)and the University of Nebraska at Omaha.
文摘The CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing has many advantages over its counterparts and could ultimately assist in disease control and molecular breeding in aquaculture.Single-guide RNA(sgRNA)design is presumably the most crucial task in a typical CRISPR-Cas9 experiment;an understanding of algorithms behind sgRNA design programs is thus essential for improved efficacy and specificity.We focus this review on the bioinformatics aspects in genome editing experiments and describe commonly used computational approaches and tools of sgRNA design and outcome assessment.We show an example of sgRNA design with optimal parameter settings and appropriate interpretation of results and present a brief overview of CRISPR-Cas9 applications,such as genetic improvement and sustainability in aquaculture.We discuss challenging issues,particularly in the context of computational biology,in the use of computational tools in CRISPR-based genome editing.This review provides a synthesis of bioinformatics tools used for CRISPR-Cas9 sgRNA design and outcome assessment and offers a general view of CRISPR-based applications in farmed fish,which are expected to facilitate genome editing programs and hence improve aquaculture breeding,production,and sustainability.
文摘三维参数化、可视化设计是现代机械设计的发展趋势之一.在AutoCAD软件的二次开发工具VBA(visual basic for application)中,开发了刨齿刀三维参数化和可视化设计软件.在AutoCAD软件中进行刨齿刀三维参数化建模,利用生成的刨齿刀三维实体模型,在Pro/Engineer,ANSYS软件中进行刨齿刀有限元分析.制造了硬齿面圆锥直齿轮刨齿刀,对刀具的磨损进行分析,为刀具的快速开发提供条件.
文摘在分析制造业面临的新挑战以及网络化制造特点的基础上 ,提出了基于 Web的异地协同设计制造系统的体系结构并开发了一个实际系统 e CWS (e- cooperative work system ) .详细介绍了该系统的功能和关键技术的实现 ,包括协同系统管理、协同工作管理、协同应用、约束管理和冲突消解、协同工具、安全控制、分布式产品数据管理等技术 .最后介绍了应用实例 .
