Method for determining climatic design conditions based on the indoor thermal environment risk level

Currently,climatic design conditions are usually selected according to the frequency of climatic parameters them-selves,which method cannot reflect the indoor thermal environment risk level of the building in design.In this regard,the research proposes to construct the correlation between climatic design conditions and indoor thermal environment risk level,and explore the effect of uncertainty in building thermal performance on this correlation from the perspective of probability,thus realizing the process of selecting the climatic design conditions based on the requirement for indoor thermal environment risk level.Taking Guangzhou in China as an example,the new process of determining climatic design conditions is realized.On this basis,the difference between the traditional method and the present research method is compared.In the Chinese norm method,the indoor thermal environ-ment risk level of the building is between 0 and 0.03%when the climatic design conditions are selected with 0.57%cumulative frequency of occurrence;in the research method,the indoor thermal environment risk level of the building is between 0.2%and 0.6%when the climatic design conditions are selected with 0.57%indoor thermal environment risk level and 100%confidence level.The results indicate that the research method can meet the designer’s expectation for indoor thermal environment risk level in design more directly and accurately.

Impact of climate change on outdoor design conditions and implications to peak loads

This study exams the impact of climate change on outdoor design conditions and peak loads of five Chinese cities over the five major climate zones for the winter and summer conditions.The design dry-bulb temperature(DDBT)and the coincident wet-bulb temperature(CWBT)for two 30-year periods;1971–2000 and 1984–2013 were analysed.It was found that the DDBT of the period 1984–2013 was higher than that of the period 1971–2000,whereas the CWBT and the corresponding outdoor enthalpy of the period 1984–2013 was lower than that of 1971–2000 at the various cumulative frequencies.This trend implies that the increment in conductive heat gain through the building envelope due to the rising temperature can be lower than the reduction in fresh air load due to the lower outdoor air enthalpy.In this case,the peak cooling loads may reduce in all five cities under study,and this is different from the widely held view that global warming will lead to more stringent outdoor design conditions,higher peak cooling loads and larger heating,ventilation and air conditioning(HVAC)plants than the current or historical status.The implications to the“free-cooling”of HVAC systems with enthalpy control are discussed as well.

Application of Resid Hydrogenation Process in China's Mainland

This article mainly refers to a brief introduction on the design and operation of resid hydrogenation units in China's Mainland in order to keep the peers abreast of the basic status of aoolication of resid hydrogenation process in the China's Mainland.

Optimization of Selecting Air Conditioning Cold/Heat Sources with Grey Relation Analysis

Selection of air conditioning（AC） cold/heat sources generally concerns about certain aspects and cannot reveal the whole profile of the problems. Grey relation analysis （GRA） is a data processing method to categorize the correlation extent of compared sequences and a certain reference sequence in a system with uncertain information. It is applied to evaluating and selecting AC cold/heat sources from four main aspects, which are technology, economy, reliability, and operation and management. Case study shows that the result for selecting AC cold/heat sources with the GRA method can be more reasonable and convincible. Thus it offers a new approach for designers in heating, ventilating and air conditioning field to compare and evaluate different AC cold/heat sou rces.

Design and Analysis of a Single-Stage Transonic Centrifugal Turbine for organic Rankine cycle(ORC)

The recovery of low temperature heat sources is a hot topic in the world.The ORC system can effectively use the low temperature heat source.As its main output device,the performance of the turbine is very important.The single stage transonic turbine has the characteristics of small size and large output power.In this paper,the complete design process of a transonic centrifugal turbine with R245fa in low working temperature condition is introduced.At the design conditions,the shaft power and the wheel efficiency of the centrifugal turbine can reach 1.12 MW and 83.61%,respectively.In addition,a thermodynamic ORC cycle is presented and the off-design conditions of the turbine and its influence on the system are studied in detail.The results obtained in the present work show that the single-stage transonic centrifugal turbine can be regarded as a potential choice to be applied in small scale ORC systems.