Recently, FTTH （fiber to the home） is spreading rapidly, and communication technology has become an indispensable part in our lives. FTTH installers who build the infi＇astructure must correspond to the progress of ...Recently, FTTH （fiber to the home） is spreading rapidly, and communication technology has become an indispensable part in our lives. FTTH installers who build the infi＇astructure must correspond to the progress of technology while ensuring a high quality of installation, and it is struggling to its counterpart. The present study is undertaken in order to propose effective vocational ability development program for FTTH installers from the approach of their skill. They are information network cabling-related qualification system and competitions as the ability evaluation system. Then the author concludes that this program makes a contribution to improving their skill and maintaining the quality of the optical fiber network in analyzing some example of actual installation work and the measurement result of the OTDR（optical time domain reflect） meter.展开更多
There is consistent epidemiological evidence linking low birth weight, preterm birth and adverse fetal growth to an elevated risk of the metabolic syndrome (obesity, raised blood pressure, raised serum triglycerides, ...There is consistent epidemiological evidence linking low birth weight, preterm birth and adverse fetal growth to an elevated risk of the metabolic syndrome (obesity, raised blood pressure, raised serum triglycerides, lowered serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and impaired glucose tolerance or insulin resistance) and related disorders. This "fetal or developmental origins/programming of disease" concept is now well accepted but the "programming" mechanisms remain poorly understood. We reviewed the major evidence, implications and limitations of current hypotheses in interpreting developmental programming and discuss future research directions. Major current hypotheses to interpret developmental programming include: (1)thrifty phenotype; (2) postnatal accelerated or catchup growth; (3) glucocorticoid effects; (4) epigenetic changes; (5) oxidative stress; (6) prenatal hypoxia; (7) placental dysfunction; and (8) reduced stem cell number. Some hypothetical mechanisms (2, 4 and 8) could be driven by other upstream "driver" mechanisms. There is a lack of animal studies addressing multiple mechanisms simultaneously and a lack of strong evidence linking clinical outcomes to biomarkers of the proposed programming mechanisms in humans. There are needs for (1) experimental studies addressing multiple hypothetical mechanisms simultaneously; and (2) prospective pregnancy cohort studies linking biomarkers of the proposed mechanisms to clinical outcomes or surrogate biomarker endpoints. A better understanding of the programming mechanisms is a prerequisite for developing early life interventions to arrest the increasing epidemic of the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and other related disorders.展开更多
Metabolic disease results from a complex interaction of many factors,including genetic,physiological,behavioral and environmental influences.The recent rate at which these diseases have increased suggests that environ...Metabolic disease results from a complex interaction of many factors,including genetic,physiological,behavioral and environmental influences.The recent rate at which these diseases have increased suggests that environmental and behavioral influences,rather than genetic causes,are fuelling the present epidemic.In this context,the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis has highlighted the link between the periconceptual,fetal and early infant phases of life and the subsequent development of adult obesity and the metabolic syndrome.Although the mechanisms are yet to be fully elucidated,this programming was generally considered an irreversible change in developmental trajectory.Recent work in animal models suggests that developmental programming of metabolic disorders is potentially reversible by nutritional or targeted therapeutic interventions during the period of developmental plasticity.This review will discuss critical windows of developmental plasticity and possible avenues to ameliorate the development of postnatal metabolic disorders following an adverse early life environment.展开更多
Initial teacher preparation and teachers’ continuing professional development are two significant pillars of the teacher education enterprise. The former encompasses a wide range of teachereducation initiatives at th...Initial teacher preparation and teachers’ continuing professional development are two significant pillars of the teacher education enterprise. The former encompasses a wide range of teachereducation initiatives at the levels of diploma, bachelor’s degree, postgraduate diploma, and even master’s degree for teacher licensure purposes. These are widely documented in the literature.What is important is how teacher professional development contributes to bolstering the teachereducator force, which is relatively insufficiently documented due to the very fact that different educational systems have somewhat different expectations of such programs in relation to the ideologies and theories underpinning the teacher professional development program design and curriculum offering. Taking stock of a postgraduate diploma program in English language teaching(PGDELT) for teachers’ continuing professional development with a 31-year history housed at a premier teacher education institution in Singapore, which has successfully graduated over 1, 000 English language teachers for colleges and universities in China, I intend to highlight some of its key features, as a former student and then a lecturer on the program, in order to draw implications for sustainable growth of language teacher education programs, especially those whose main purposes are to prepare teachers of English as a second or foreign language(ESL/EFL) and provide continuing professional development opportunities for such inservice teachers.展开更多
The State Science and Technology Commission, State Economic and Trade Commission, and State Planning Commission of China have jointly worked out the Program for the Development of Chinese New and Renewable Energy rece...The State Science and Technology Commission, State Economic and Trade Commission, and State Planning Commission of China have jointly worked out the Program for the Development of Chinese New and Renewable Energy recently.展开更多
Modern biotechnology booms in the molecular life science. It brings about a promising future for improving human health, foodstuff, environment and energy and is of significance to improve traditional agriculture, dru...Modern biotechnology booms in the molecular life science. It brings about a promising future for improving human health, foodstuff, environment and energy and is of significance to improve traditional agriculture, druamakins and other展开更多
The National Program on the Development of Chinese Women （2011-2020）, herein- after referred to as the ＂NewProgram,＂ was published in August 2011. This is an important document designed to ensure implementation of...The National Program on the Development of Chinese Women （2011-2020）, herein- after referred to as the ＂NewProgram,＂ was published in August 2011. This is an important document designed to ensure implementation of the basic state strategy of gender equal- ity and the all-round development of Chinese women. The New Program is a part of China＇s policy program for the protection of human rights. It sets 57 major targets to be attained over the decade. The targets cover seven fields, namely, health, education, economy,展开更多
Manpower is the key factor to the success of the CIMS Subject of China 863 Program. Many manpower strategies have been used in the CIMS Subject, which include elite strategies, training and practicing strategies, and ...Manpower is the key factor to the success of the CIMS Subject of China 863 Program. Many manpower strategies have been used in the CIMS Subject, which include elite strategies, training and practicing strategies, and culture strategies. This paper is mainly about the elite strategies such as to discover the talents, to cultivate the elites and to establish the mechanism for the expert groups to work in team, echelon and vigor.展开更多
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between frustration education and frustration level of middle school students in a city during the 2022-2023 school year.Descriptive correlation analysis was appl...The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between frustration education and frustration level of middle school students in a city during the 2022-2023 school year.Descriptive correlation analysis was applied to 270 students.Chi-square is a statistical tool used in the study.According to the findings,there are more women than men,and most are from rural areas.The findings suggest that understanding the significant correlation between frustration and educational assessments of social dimensions and overall frustration can provide insight into potential areas for intervention and support.While the academic and instructional dimensions may not be directly related to the level of frustration in this study,it is important to explore other factors that may be contributing to academic frustration or areas where instructional strategies could be improved.A social skills development program aims to address this problem.展开更多
The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus has increased rapidly over the past few decades,and prevention efforts have not been successful.Fetal programming involves the earliest stage of obesity developme...The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus has increased rapidly over the past few decades,and prevention efforts have not been successful.Fetal programming involves the earliest stage of obesity development,and provides a novel concept to complement other strategies for lifelong prevention of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.The World Health Organization now advocates a life-course approach to prevent/control obesity,starting with pre-conceptional and antenatal maternal health.Maternal overnutrition,gestational diabetes mellitus and excessive gestational weight gain lead to fetal overgrowth,and“programs”the offspring with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in childhood and adulthood.This review summarizes current data on fetal programming of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus including potential causative factors,mechanisms and interventions to reduce its impact.展开更多
Successful health promotion programs are characterized in part, by the willingness of audiences to engage, participate, and adopt healthier behaviors. But presentation of messages that reach and resonate with the inte...Successful health promotion programs are characterized in part, by the willingness of audiences to engage, participate, and adopt healthier behaviors. But presentation of messages that reach and resonate with the intended audience remains challenging. This is due in part to the variety of mindsets—viewpoints, attitudes, and beliefs—within a population. These mindsets play an essential role in understanding and predicting behaviors and lifestyle factors associated with health or chronic diseases. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how a specific survey-based method of mindset segmentation can distinguish predominant mindsets and then be used to create, adapt, and/or market health programs to appeal to these mindsets. Steps in survey construction, distribution, and analysis are described. Interpretation of the results, yielding three primary mindsets, is the critical outcome of this segmentation method. The applications of this interpretation to community health education programs are suggested. This approach has potential to inform, enhance, or customize programs, tailoring activities, methods, and messages to the preferences of the community.展开更多
1996 is the first year for realizing the object of fish culture in 66,600 ha of rice field in Zhejiang Province. The provincial government has appropriated $ 24,000 per ha for starting capital. Starting from this year...1996 is the first year for realizing the object of fish culture in 66,600 ha of rice field in Zhejiang Province. The provincial government has appropriated $ 24,000 per ha for starting capital. Starting from this year, counties with the tradition of fish culture in rice fields as Youngjia and Qingtian have put stress on popularizing the new technique of fish culture in ditches and puddles to raise the yield for per unit area. In areas of Central Zhejiang and North Zhejiang with hilly land and plain area with double—season rice, people have changed traditional fish varieties into special and excellent fish varieties.展开更多
The objective of this study was to determine the degree of citizen participation in urban planning processes in the municipality of Comala,Colima,Mexico to have a broader vision of the citizens and the environment in ...The objective of this study was to determine the degree of citizen participation in urban planning processes in the municipality of Comala,Colima,Mexico to have a broader vision of the citizens and the environment in which they live.An instrument was designed specifically to perform this study and the instrument was validated by calculating Cronbach’s Alpha.The results showed that citizens were highly involved in issues concerning their urban environment,and the main problems of the public spaces were also identified.展开更多
文摘Recently, FTTH （fiber to the home） is spreading rapidly, and communication technology has become an indispensable part in our lives. FTTH installers who build the infi＇astructure must correspond to the progress of technology while ensuring a high quality of installation, and it is struggling to its counterpart. The present study is undertaken in order to propose effective vocational ability development program for FTTH installers from the approach of their skill. They are information network cabling-related qualification system and competitions as the ability evaluation system. Then the author concludes that this program makes a contribution to improving their skill and maintaining the quality of the optical fiber network in analyzing some example of actual installation work and the measurement result of the OTDR（optical time domain reflect） meter.
基金Supported by a Research Grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes (CIHR Grant # 79896 - Luo ZC)partly by a Clinical Epidemiology Junior Scholar Award from the Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Québec (FRSQ) (Luo ZC)partly by a FRSQ Senior Scholar Award (Nuyt AM)
文摘There is consistent epidemiological evidence linking low birth weight, preterm birth and adverse fetal growth to an elevated risk of the metabolic syndrome (obesity, raised blood pressure, raised serum triglycerides, lowered serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and impaired glucose tolerance or insulin resistance) and related disorders. This "fetal or developmental origins/programming of disease" concept is now well accepted but the "programming" mechanisms remain poorly understood. We reviewed the major evidence, implications and limitations of current hypotheses in interpreting developmental programming and discuss future research directions. Major current hypotheses to interpret developmental programming include: (1)thrifty phenotype; (2) postnatal accelerated or catchup growth; (3) glucocorticoid effects; (4) epigenetic changes; (5) oxidative stress; (6) prenatal hypoxia; (7) placental dysfunction; and (8) reduced stem cell number. Some hypothetical mechanisms (2, 4 and 8) could be driven by other upstream "driver" mechanisms. There is a lack of animal studies addressing multiple mechanisms simultaneously and a lack of strong evidence linking clinical outcomes to biomarkers of the proposed programming mechanisms in humans. There are needs for (1) experimental studies addressing multiple hypothetical mechanisms simultaneously; and (2) prospective pregnancy cohort studies linking biomarkers of the proposed mechanisms to clinical outcomes or surrogate biomarker endpoints. A better understanding of the programming mechanisms is a prerequisite for developing early life interventions to arrest the increasing epidemic of the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and other related disorders.
基金Supported by Health Research Council of New Zealand,Marsden Fund of the Royal SocietyFoundation for Research Science and TechnologyNational Research Centre for Growth and Development
文摘Metabolic disease results from a complex interaction of many factors,including genetic,physiological,behavioral and environmental influences.The recent rate at which these diseases have increased suggests that environmental and behavioral influences,rather than genetic causes,are fuelling the present epidemic.In this context,the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis has highlighted the link between the periconceptual,fetal and early infant phases of life and the subsequent development of adult obesity and the metabolic syndrome.Although the mechanisms are yet to be fully elucidated,this programming was generally considered an irreversible change in developmental trajectory.Recent work in animal models suggests that developmental programming of metabolic disorders is potentially reversible by nutritional or targeted therapeutic interventions during the period of developmental plasticity.This review will discuss critical windows of developmental plasticity and possible avenues to ameliorate the development of postnatal metabolic disorders following an adverse early life environment.
文摘Initial teacher preparation and teachers’ continuing professional development are two significant pillars of the teacher education enterprise. The former encompasses a wide range of teachereducation initiatives at the levels of diploma, bachelor’s degree, postgraduate diploma, and even master’s degree for teacher licensure purposes. These are widely documented in the literature.What is important is how teacher professional development contributes to bolstering the teachereducator force, which is relatively insufficiently documented due to the very fact that different educational systems have somewhat different expectations of such programs in relation to the ideologies and theories underpinning the teacher professional development program design and curriculum offering. Taking stock of a postgraduate diploma program in English language teaching(PGDELT) for teachers’ continuing professional development with a 31-year history housed at a premier teacher education institution in Singapore, which has successfully graduated over 1, 000 English language teachers for colleges and universities in China, I intend to highlight some of its key features, as a former student and then a lecturer on the program, in order to draw implications for sustainable growth of language teacher education programs, especially those whose main purposes are to prepare teachers of English as a second or foreign language(ESL/EFL) and provide continuing professional development opportunities for such inservice teachers.
文摘The State Science and Technology Commission, State Economic and Trade Commission, and State Planning Commission of China have jointly worked out the Program for the Development of Chinese New and Renewable Energy recently.
文摘Modern biotechnology booms in the molecular life science. It brings about a promising future for improving human health, foodstuff, environment and energy and is of significance to improve traditional agriculture, druamakins and other
文摘The National Program on the Development of Chinese Women （2011-2020）, herein- after referred to as the ＂NewProgram,＂ was published in August 2011. This is an important document designed to ensure implementation of the basic state strategy of gender equal- ity and the all-round development of Chinese women. The New Program is a part of China＇s policy program for the protection of human rights. It sets 57 major targets to be attained over the decade. The targets cover seven fields, namely, health, education, economy,
基金the High Technology Research and Development Progam of China.
文摘Manpower is the key factor to the success of the CIMS Subject of China 863 Program. Many manpower strategies have been used in the CIMS Subject, which include elite strategies, training and practicing strategies, and culture strategies. This paper is mainly about the elite strategies such as to discover the talents, to cultivate the elites and to establish the mechanism for the expert groups to work in team, echelon and vigor.
文摘The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between frustration education and frustration level of middle school students in a city during the 2022-2023 school year.Descriptive correlation analysis was applied to 270 students.Chi-square is a statistical tool used in the study.According to the findings,there are more women than men,and most are from rural areas.The findings suggest that understanding the significant correlation between frustration and educational assessments of social dimensions and overall frustration can provide insight into potential areas for intervention and support.While the academic and instructional dimensions may not be directly related to the level of frustration in this study,it is important to explore other factors that may be contributing to academic frustration or areas where instructional strategies could be improved.A social skills development program aims to address this problem.
文摘The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus has increased rapidly over the past few decades,and prevention efforts have not been successful.Fetal programming involves the earliest stage of obesity development,and provides a novel concept to complement other strategies for lifelong prevention of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.The World Health Organization now advocates a life-course approach to prevent/control obesity,starting with pre-conceptional and antenatal maternal health.Maternal overnutrition,gestational diabetes mellitus and excessive gestational weight gain lead to fetal overgrowth,and“programs”the offspring with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in childhood and adulthood.This review summarizes current data on fetal programming of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus including potential causative factors,mechanisms and interventions to reduce its impact.
文摘Successful health promotion programs are characterized in part, by the willingness of audiences to engage, participate, and adopt healthier behaviors. But presentation of messages that reach and resonate with the intended audience remains challenging. This is due in part to the variety of mindsets—viewpoints, attitudes, and beliefs—within a population. These mindsets play an essential role in understanding and predicting behaviors and lifestyle factors associated with health or chronic diseases. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how a specific survey-based method of mindset segmentation can distinguish predominant mindsets and then be used to create, adapt, and/or market health programs to appeal to these mindsets. Steps in survey construction, distribution, and analysis are described. Interpretation of the results, yielding three primary mindsets, is the critical outcome of this segmentation method. The applications of this interpretation to community health education programs are suggested. This approach has potential to inform, enhance, or customize programs, tailoring activities, methods, and messages to the preferences of the community.
文摘1996 is the first year for realizing the object of fish culture in 66,600 ha of rice field in Zhejiang Province. The provincial government has appropriated $ 24,000 per ha for starting capital. Starting from this year, counties with the tradition of fish culture in rice fields as Youngjia and Qingtian have put stress on popularizing the new technique of fish culture in ditches and puddles to raise the yield for per unit area. In areas of Central Zhejiang and North Zhejiang with hilly land and plain area with double—season rice, people have changed traditional fish varieties into special and excellent fish varieties.
文摘The objective of this study was to determine the degree of citizen participation in urban planning processes in the municipality of Comala,Colima,Mexico to have a broader vision of the citizens and the environment in which they live.An instrument was designed specifically to perform this study and the instrument was validated by calculating Cronbach’s Alpha.The results showed that citizens were highly involved in issues concerning their urban environment,and the main problems of the public spaces were also identified.
