Progress in the development and application of plant-based antiviral agents

Plant virus disease is one of the major causes of biological disasters in agriculture worldwide. Given the complexity of transmission media and plant disease infection mechanisms, the prevention and control of plant viral diseases is a great challenge, and an efficient green pesticide is urgently needed. For this reason, when developing candidate drug leads to regulate plant viruses, pesticide experts have focused on characteristics such as low pesticide resistance, eco-friendliness, and novel mechanism. Researchers have also theoretically investigated the molecular targets of viruses infecting agricultural crops. Antiviral screening models have been constructed based on these molecular targets, and the mechanisms of commercial drugs and high-activity compounds have been extensively investigated. After screening, some compounds have been applied in the field and found to have good commercial prospects; these drugs may be used to create new green antiviral pesticides to control plant viruses. This paper reviews the screening, mode of action, development and application of recently used plant-based antiviral agents.

Development and application of Baosteel X80 large diameter UOE longitudinal submerged arc welded pipes

With the increase in energy demand, the demand for oil and gas transmission pipes, particularly high-grade longitudinal submerged arc welded pipes （LSAWs）, have been growing in recent years. The construction of the 2nd West -East natural gas transmission pipeline project shows that the oil and gas pipeline construction has entered a new phase of development with X80 pipes being applied in large scales for the first time in China. This paper briefly introduces the 2nd West-East natural gas transmission pipeline project and its main technical requirements with the focus on the features of API standard 5L X80 grade Ф 1219 mm series of U-ing-O-ing-Expanding （ UOE ） LSAW pipes, which Baosteel developed with the integrated technology for the 2nd West-East natural gas transmission pipeline project. The analysis shows the extra-low carbon content, the high contents of manganese and niobium, the fine microstructure, the high strength,the toughness and the good weldability of X80 pipes meet the requirements of ＂the technical specification of LSAW linepipes for the 2nd West-East natural gas transmission pipeline project in China＂. By the end of June 2010, Baosteel had totally produced 322000 t of Ф 1219 mm X80 UOE steel pipes, which have been successfully used in the 2nd West-East natural gas transmission pipeline project, thus filling the gap of the production of large diameter X80 UOE LSAW pipes in China.

Development and Application of Universal Formability Technology

Using mathematical plasticity theories, universal formability (UF) technology has been developed and applied in the automotive stamping engineering and production. As a formability analysis tool, this technology is the major methodology for the development of stamping expert system (solution provider) for (a) product design and feasibility analysis, (b) material automatic selection using nomograms, (c) draw die design using pre-models, and (d) UF and robustness analysis of die performance in finite element analysis (FEA) environment.

The Project “Development and Application of FCC Additive for Maximization of Propylene and Isobutylene” Passed SINOPEC's Appraisal

The research project'Development and application of FCC additive for maximization of propylene and isobutylene'jointly undertaken by RIPP,the Baling Petrochemical Company(BPC)and the SINOPEC

The Development and Application of Low Temperature Plasma Technology

The development and applications of low temperature plasma technology used in surface modification of materials are presented in this paper. Based on plasma sources and ion sources technology, multi-functions ion implantation and deposition technologies were developed and the related processes are also used to treat different products. The related technologies were translated into industrial productions supported by national research projects. Following the last development of international plasma researches, the standardization and internationalization processes of plasma technologies are executed in our center.

Function and Application Progress of Probiotics in Food

Probiotics have a long history of use in human production and life.With the gradual deepening of the research on the functions of probiotics,their various nutritional and health benefits for the human body have also become increasingly clear.Existing research shows that probiotics can regulate intestinal flora,and improve immunity and even the symptoms of some diseases.Therefore,in the food industry,the application of probiotics from traditional fermented foods to functional foods has become more and more extensive.In this paper,the research progress of nutritional function and application of probiotics in food at home and abroad was reviewed,in order to provide some reference for the safe application of probiotics in food.

Development and application of automated vicarious calibration system

In order to improve the frequency and precision of radiometric calibration, the automated vicarious calibration system（AVCS） is developed and deployed at the Dunhuang test site to perform vicarious calibration without the in situ manned measurements. The surface and atmospheric parameters are automatically collected by AVCS.An absolute radiometric calibration approach based on AVCS is proposed. Six successful calibrations of the Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer（MODIS） are conducted. The results are in good agreement with the on-board calibration system with all the relative differences less than 4%. It enables us to monitor the change of a sensor over long time scales.

Development and application of a pipeline sonar system

Based on the principle of active sonar detection, a pipeline sonar system has been developed for detecting the water accumulated in underground gas-pipelines, and the effectiveness of this system verified through field-testing. The working process, experimental results and some considerations in the determination of sonar parameters are described in this paper.

Tianjin CATARC Auto Hi-Tech Company and Tianjin Tianfeng Auto Hi-Tech Development Company --Development and Application of Auto High & New Technology

Tianiin CATARC Auto Hi-tech Company, approved by the State Planning and Developing Commission, is a manufacturing enterprise specialized in auto catalyst converters, which was listed in "The First Group Localization Projects for Environmental Protection Equipment in 1999". This company enjoys the perfect matching techniqueS for catalyst converter system, modern manufacturing shops and world-level labs. The annual production capacity is 300 thousand sets of catalyst converters in conformity with tile

Solution and Application Development of the Supply Chain Management System in SINOPEC

SINOPEC is an integrated energy and chemical company engaging in upstream,midstream and downstream operations. The business of SINOPEC covers E&P of oil and gas, refining,chemical production, as well as sales and marketing of refined oil products. In the field of oil andnatural gas exploration and development, there are 13 upstream subsidiaries in SINOPEC. By the endof 2003, the proven reserves of crude oil were 3,257 mmbbls, and natural gas reserves totaled2,887.6 bcf. The oil and gas production in 2003 included 270.96 mmbbls of oil and 187.7 bcf ofnatural gas. In the area of middle-stream operation, SINOPEC has 33 refineries. The total capacityof crude distillation is 153.9 million tons/year, about 51% of the total distillation capacity inChina. In 2003, 123.5 million tons of crude oil was processed, around 53% of total crude processedin China.

Application of Rubidium in the Field of Medicine and Health

With the continuous development of science and technology,the role of rare and precious metal resources in medical treatment,economy and strategy has become increasingly prominent.This paper reviewed the application research of rare precious metal rubidium(Rb)in the field of medicine and health,mainly including the application significance of Rb in the field of medical and health,typical applications and problems in the field of medicine and health,and the important research significance of the research and development of medicine.

Conceptual Metaphor and Its Development

Traditional metaphor theory regards metaphor as a rhetorical device,but conceptual metaphor theory in cognitive linguis⁃tics believes that metaphor is also a universal way of thinking and a cognitive method which people can use to know the unknown.This paper mainly summarizes conceptual metaphor theory,discusses its contribution towards cognitive linguistics and its impor⁃tant developments—the blending theory.This study will benefit the further metaphor researching and language teaching.

Application of Solidworks in Teaching of the Mechanical Courses

Combined with practical case, the paper elaborates the development and applications of mechanical drawing, mechanical design and manufacturing based on Solidworks software. By combining professional courses between each other, the knowledge continuously through different courses can enhance students＇ enthusiasm for the course and make more reasonable arrangement for the courses.

Innovation and Research on Practical Activities of Extensive Courses——Taking xx Primary School as an Example

With the introduction and wide application of extensive courses in recent years,their theoretical research and practical application have received more and more attention.In this paper,the current application and practice of the extensive courses at the elementary school level is studied through the integration of the theoretical concepts of extensive course and taking the practicals in the extensive courses of xx primary school as an example.

The exploration and utilization of functional substances in edible insects: a review

Edible insects as food have been considered as a core future protein source. Not only are edible insects abundant in nutrient value, but also have numbers of functional substances, which could provide a multiple valuable benefits for humans. This review examines and summarizes the functional substances in edible insects and their special effects for people, as well as the use and prospects for these functional substances. There are many functional substances in edible insects, such as antimicrobial peptides, interferon, sex attractant hormones, cordycepin, active polysaccharides, microelement, chitin/chitosan, steroidal material, vitamin, lecithin, etc., which could provide multiple benefits for human beings. These special functional substances could help people enhance immunity, inhibit tumor, regulate intestinal function, relieve fatigue, anti oxidation, protect against colds, improve sleeping, promote the growth and development, as well as reducing blood sugar and blood pressure, among others. According to these valuable efficacies, the functional substances extracted from edible insects can be exploited mainly in three ways: edible insects are used to discover new medicines or health care products for people;and edible insects are applied in chemical, agricultural, food technology, pollutant treatment and textile sectors;as well as being consumed as animal feedstuff for livestock and other animals, which indirectly meet the different requirements for humans. Currently, edible insects have generated global interest to be developed as different forms of products and has promoted more research and development. However, pupae and larvae are still the main consumption ways in the market, which is unacceptable to most people. It is expected that the edible insect industry would be prosperous and sustainable by integrating the power of beneficial policies and regulations, huge consumer demand and proper strategies of promotion and production.