Today, we are gathered to welcome the opening of the Sixth Beijing Forum on Human Rights, which is co-sponsored by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the China Foundation for Human Rights Development. Undo...Today, we are gathered to welcome the opening of the Sixth Beijing Forum on Human Rights, which is co-sponsored by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the China Foundation for Human Rights Development. Undoubtedly it is of positive significance that human rights experts and scholars in the international human rights field from many countries in the world have assembled together in this golden season to plan human rights develop- ment. On behalf of the State Council Information Office of China, I wouldlike to express warm congratulations to the opening of this forum, and sincere welcome to friends in atten- dance.展开更多
Grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)is a cyprinid species,widely living in the freshwater on the plain area of East Asia.The fish has characteristic comb-like pharyngeal teeth,an adaptation to their typical vegetarian ...Grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)is a cyprinid species,widely living in the freshwater on the plain area of East Asia.The fish has characteristic comb-like pharyngeal teeth,an adaptation to their typical vegetarian feeding habit.This paper deals with fossil pharyngeal teeth that related to grass carp,found from about 20 localities,ranging from the lower Oligocene to Holocene.Based on the morphology of the teeth,we established two new genera and species related to the genus Ctenopharyngodon(Dezaoia saintjaquensis,Eoctenopharyngodon liui)and two new species of Ctenopharyngodon(C.xiejiaensis and C.orientalis).The first recognized C.idella pharyngeal teeth were from the lower Pliocene of Yushe,Shanxi,and many others from 11 Pleistocene to Holocene localities.Judged from the materials and their occurrences,the grass carp may have originated from the western part of China during the early Oligocene.Throughout the Miocene,the grass-carp-like pharyngeal teeth were discovered from a vast area in China,indicating an appropriate atmosphere for the grass carp to develop,although the climate in the western part of China was possibly drier than that in the eastern part.From the beginning of the Pliocene,as the consequence of a considerable uplift of the Tibetan Plateau,the large rivers in East Asia finally formed,created favorable conditions for the Recent grass carp to thrive.Most teeth were collected in association with fossil mammals.Therefore,we are using the associated fossil mammals as the checking reference against which to test our interpretation of the surrounding environment of the water system in which the grass carp lived.展开更多
文摘Today, we are gathered to welcome the opening of the Sixth Beijing Forum on Human Rights, which is co-sponsored by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the China Foundation for Human Rights Development. Undoubtedly it is of positive significance that human rights experts and scholars in the international human rights field from many countries in the world have assembled together in this golden season to plan human rights develop- ment. On behalf of the State Council Information Office of China, I wouldlike to express warm congratulations to the opening of this forum, and sincere welcome to friends in atten- dance.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.40202004,41862001)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.5062017)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(Grant No.2017GXNSFAA198291)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA20070203).
文摘Grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)is a cyprinid species,widely living in the freshwater on the plain area of East Asia.The fish has characteristic comb-like pharyngeal teeth,an adaptation to their typical vegetarian feeding habit.This paper deals with fossil pharyngeal teeth that related to grass carp,found from about 20 localities,ranging from the lower Oligocene to Holocene.Based on the morphology of the teeth,we established two new genera and species related to the genus Ctenopharyngodon(Dezaoia saintjaquensis,Eoctenopharyngodon liui)and two new species of Ctenopharyngodon(C.xiejiaensis and C.orientalis).The first recognized C.idella pharyngeal teeth were from the lower Pliocene of Yushe,Shanxi,and many others from 11 Pleistocene to Holocene localities.Judged from the materials and their occurrences,the grass carp may have originated from the western part of China during the early Oligocene.Throughout the Miocene,the grass-carp-like pharyngeal teeth were discovered from a vast area in China,indicating an appropriate atmosphere for the grass carp to develop,although the climate in the western part of China was possibly drier than that in the eastern part.From the beginning of the Pliocene,as the consequence of a considerable uplift of the Tibetan Plateau,the large rivers in East Asia finally formed,created favorable conditions for the Recent grass carp to thrive.Most teeth were collected in association with fossil mammals.Therefore,we are using the associated fossil mammals as the checking reference against which to test our interpretation of the surrounding environment of the water system in which the grass carp lived.
