Family identification of China’s mortality patterns and deviation analysis with model life tables

This study identifies China’s mortality pattern families by using data from national and provincial censuses and one-percent sample surveys of China,and then compares them with families in the Coale-Demeny and United Nations model life tables.Based on available data,the findings show there are seven families of mortality patterns in China.Their characteristics differ primarily during adolescence,and young and middle adulthood while resembling during infancy,toddlerhood,childhood and late adulthood or old age.Abnormally higher mortality is seen in females than males during infancy and childhood in three of the seven families of mortality patterns.As for the difference in male and female mortality in old age in the seven families of mortality patterns,it can be ignored.The comparison with the Coale-Demeny and UN model life tables shows the deviations of China’s families of mortality patterns from the families in the two model life tables vary at different mortality levels,with some similarities existing in the deviations at high and low mortality levels,whereas the difference in the deviations at the medium mortality level primarily appears during non-elderly years.The widely used Coale-Demeny West Pattern and the United Nations General Pattern,however,are not applicable to the studies of China’s mortality.Miscalculations commonly happen in the mortality patterns for adolescents,young and middle adults,and elderly people.

Water Level Deviation Analysis of Levels Between Two Sides of the Boiler Drum

It is always quite difficult to accurately measure boiler drum water level in power plant. Though the effect of false measurement of water level can be reduced with some devices, the effect of deviation of boiler drum water level to the monitoring and alarm system, even to the control of drum water level, and so on, cannot be surmounted. Because of these reasons, the accurate water level alarm signal cannot be provided and the water level control measures cannot be applied. In order to solve this problem, a water level deviation analysis method is presented for analyzing boiler drum water level. Based on the analysis of boiler drum water level related running parameters, the relational model of water level deviation under different working conditions and its parameters is constructed. By analyzing this model, the specific impacts of the main factors can be fixed. Thus the drum water level deviation can be reduced by adjusting running parameters without changing unit load. And then the measurement of drum water level can be more accurate only if power plants have accurate measuring devices. Therefore, the boiler drum water level can be more accurately monitored and controlled. So, this innovation is important in ensuring the safe running of power plant.

Investigation of pelvic symmetry:A systematic analysis using computer aided design software

Objectives:This study aimed to investigate the symmetry of the Chinese pelvis.Methods:Computed tomography scan images of each of 50 Chinese pelvises were converted to 3D models and the left sides of the pelvises were reflected on Mimics software.Then,the reflected left side model was aligned with the right side using the closest point algorithm function of Geomagic software to perform symmetry analysis.The volume and surface area of either side of the pelvises were also calculated.The mean standard deviation(SD),the mean percentage of permissible deviations within the±2mm range,the percentage differences in volume and surface area were measured to compare pelvic symmetry.In addition,the distribution of pelvic bilateral symmetry associated with both age and sex were compared.Results:The mean SD was 1.15±0.16mm and the mean percentage of permissible deviations was 90.82%±4.67%.The deviation color maps showed that the specific areas of asymmetry were primarily localized to major muscle or ligament attachment sites and the sacroiliac joint surfaces.There was no significant difference between the bilateral sides of the pelvis in either volume or surface area.Additionally,no difference in any indexes was exhibited in relation to sex and age distribution.

Analysis of Software Test Item Generation -- Comparison Between High Skilled and Low Skilled Engineers

Recent software system contain many functions to provide various services.According to this tendency, it is difficult to ensure software quality and to eliminate crucialfaults by conventional software testing methods. So taking the effect of test engineer''s skill ontest item generation into consideration, we propose a new test item generation method, whichsupports the generation of test items for illegal behavior of the system. The proposed method cangenerate test items based on use-case analysis, deviation analysis for legal behavior, and faultstree analysis for system fault situations. Prom the results of the experimental applications of ourmethod, we confirmed that test items for illegal behavior of a system were effectively generated,and also the proposed method could effectively assist test item generation by an engineer withlow-level skill.

Risk Analysis of Information System Security Based on Distance of Information-State Transition

The configuration of information system security policy is directly related to the information asset risk, and the configuration required by the classified security protection is able to ensure the optimal and minimum policy in the corresponding security level. Through the random survey on the information assets of multiple departments, this paper proposes the relative deviation distance of security policy configuration as risk measure parameter based on the distance of information-state transition（DIT） theory. By quantitatively analyzing the information asset weight, deviation degree and DIT, we establish the evaluation model for information system. With example analysis, the results prove that this method conducts effective risk evaluation on the information system intuitively and reliably, avoids the threat caused by subjective measurement, and shows performance benefits compared with existing solutions. It is not only theoretically but also practically feasible to realize the scientific analysis of security risk for the information system.

Digital twin model of gas turbine and its application in warning of performance fault

The digital twin-driven performance model provides an attractive option for the warn gas-path faults of the gas turbines.However,three technical difficulties need to be solved:(1)low modeling precision caused by individual differences between gas turbines,(2)poor solution efficiency due to excessive iterations,and(3)the false alarm and missing alarm brought by the traditional fixed threshold method.This paper proposes a digital twin model-based early warning method for gas-path faults that breaks through the above obstacles from three aspects.Firstly,a novel performance modeling strategy is proposed to make the simulation effect close to the actual gas turbine by fusing the mechanism model and measurement data.Secondly,the idea of controlling the relative accuracy of model parameters is developed.The introduction of an error module to the existing model can greatly shorten the modeling cycle.The third solution focuses on the early warning based on the digital twin model,which self-learns the alarm threshold of the warning feature of gas-path parameters using the kernel density estimation.The proposed method is utilized to analyze actual measured data of LM2500+,and the results verify that the new-built digital model has higher accuracy and better efficiency.The comparisons show that the proposed method shows evident superiority in early warning of performance faults for gas turbines over other methods.