罕见抗-Di^(b)致严重胎儿新生儿溶血病的实验室检测与相关研究

目的对1例高频抗体导致的胎儿新生儿溶血病(hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn,HDFN)进行检测、鉴定及配血。方法对患儿进行新生儿溶血试验,对母亲进行血清学意外抗体鉴定,并对母亲红细胞进行常见高频抗原鉴定;对检出抗体进行IgG分型检测,并用流式细胞术进行单核细胞体外吞噬致敏红细胞试验,以检测抗体相关的吞噬率;对患儿母亲、父亲及舅舅进行相关红细胞血型基因测序;利用稀释的母亲血浆和抗人球卡法,在献血者中进行大规模相合血液的筛选。结果产妇鉴定为Di(b-)稀有血型,产生了抗-Di b(效价512)并导致了严重的HDFN;抗-Di b亚型分型为IgG1和IgG2型,单核细胞体外吞噬效率为88.83%(74.7/84.09);产妇亲属中没有相合献血者,后续从5520名献血者中筛选到2例Di(b-)相合血液,患儿接收输血治疗后康复出院。后续在51334名献血者中筛查到17名Di(b-)献血者,该数据表明Di(b-)在广州地区献血者中的分布频率约为三千分之一(0.033%,17/51334)。结论综合利用血型血清学及分子生物学方法诊断了抗-Di b所致的严重HDFN,建立了1种有效大规模筛查Di(b-)稀有血型的方法并找到相合血液,为建立Di(b-)稀有血型库奠定了基础。

4DI110型空压机的技术改造与操作优化

文章通过介绍新引进的4DI110型离心式空压机(以下简称“空压机”)试运行阶段开始以来的运行情况和气温变化对空压机出口流量造成的影响,分析空压机出口流量随气温变化而变化的规律,指出空压机防喘阀V3004阀不能自动调节出口压力,影响空分装置工况的稳定。为实现空压机出口压力的稳定,对其防喘阀V3004阀采取增设自动旁路阀V3008阀的技术改造,同时优化和完善相关逻辑控制并阐述了空压机经技术改造后的操作优化和取得的实际效果。

Narrow-band imaging endoscopy with and without magnification in diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia

AIM:To evaluate the diagnostic efficacies of narrowband imaging(NBI) endoscopy with and without high magnification in distinguishing neoplasia from nonneoplasia colorectal lesions.METHODS:A total of 118 patients with 123 colorectal lesions examined by NBI endoscopy in the Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from September 2008 to April 2010 were enrolled in this study.These lesions were classified by pit pattern and capillary pattern,and then assessed by histopathology.RESULTS:Ten lesions not meeting the diagnostic criteria were excuded,the overall diagnostic accuracy of NBI endoscopy in distinguishing neoplasia from non-neoplasia colorectal lesions was 91.2%(103/113),and that of NBI endoscopy with and without high magnification was 93.0%(40/43) and 90.0%(63/70),respectively.Both were significantly higher than that of conventional colonoscopy reported in the literature(P < 0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P > 0.05).CONCLUSION:Besides NBI magnifying endoscopy,NBI endoscopy without magnification may also be used to distinguish neoplasia from non-neoplasia colorectal lesions.

Clinical Application of X-ray,B-scan,and CT in the Diagnosis of Ocular Foreign Bodies

Purpose:To analyze the sensitivity and specificity of X-ray, B-ultrasound, and CT scan in diagnosing ocular foreign bodies, and to compare the accuracy of these three imaging tools in locating these foreign bodies. Methods:A retrospective review was conducted of radio graphic and clinical eye examination data from 62 patients (66 eyes),suspected of having ocular foreign bodies at time of first presentation to the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center (Guangzhou, China) between August 2007 and October 2011. The sensitivity and specificity of X-ray, B-ultrasound and CT scan in the diagnosis of ocular foreign bodies were investigated and their accuracy in locating these foreign bodies was compared. Results: A total of 75.8% (n=47) subjects had ocular foreign bodies; 66% of these were metallic. Patients with intraocular, eye wall,and extraocular foreign bodies accounted for 46, 28, and 26% of the total, respectively. The sensitivities of X-ray,CT scan,and B-ultrasound in the diagnosis of ocular foreign bodies were 58.3%, 61.7%, and 75%, the specificityies were 63.3%, 100%, and 87.5%, and the accuracy in locating foreign bodies was 73.4%, 94.7%, and 86.5%, respectively. The properties of foreign bodies affected the diagnosistic accuracy of X-ray,but exerted little impact upon B-ultrasound and CT scan. Conclusion:A fairly high incidence of ocular foreign bodies was noted in patients suspected with ocular foreign bodies at their first presentations.X-ray combined with CT scan or X-ray in combination with B-ultrasound showed a relatively high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing ocular foreign bodies. CT scan had the highest accuracy in locating ocular foreignbodies. (Eye Science 2013; 28:11-14)

借助DIS实验突破教学难点——以“磁场对通电导线的作用力”为例

教材中直接得出安培力的公式,该知识点难度较大,传统实验现象不够明显且只能定性探究,学生无法真正理解该物理规律和公式。传统实验加DIS实验可对物理规律进行定性和定量的探究,有利于学生物理学科核心素养的培养。

用DIS电磁定位魔板探究平抛运动的教学设计

随着数字化信息系统在中学物理教学中的逐步融入,我国中学物理实验呈现智能化、现代化的发展趋势.以DIS电磁定位魔板为实验装置,通过科学探究的关键环节,设计探究平抛运动的教学流程.实践发现传感器实验也适合做科学探究,能够充分提升学生科学探究和推理论证的能力.

嗜热链球菌c-di-AMP合成酶的结构预测

作为一种新兴第二信使分子,c-di-AMP具有全局调控胞内渗透压平衡、DNA损伤和生物膜形成等生理功能。本实验室在实验前期筛选出了一株高产胞外多糖的嗜热链球菌菌株S-3,但未对其进行c-di-AMP信号通路研究。本研究在嗜热链球菌S-3全基因组中筛选出c-di-AMP合成酶(StDAC),对其二级结构进行预测,结果显示St DAC二级结构包含42.98%α-螺旋、15.32%β-折叠和38.30%无规则卷曲。利用SWISS-MODEL和Modeller对StDAC进行单模板和多模板同源建模,由SWISS-MODEL建立的模型通过了Ramachandran、Errat和Verify-3D评估,表明其结构较为合理;而Modeller建立的模型仅通过了Ramachandran评估,总体结构评分较低。本研究预测的嗜热链球菌StDAC三维模型为解析其结构和功能奠定了基础。

乳酸菌第二信使分子c-di-AMP研究进展

微生物依赖信号识别和信号传递来感知并响应外界环境变化。c-di-AMP作为第二信使分子在信号传导过程中发挥着关键作用,其通过酶、转录调控因子和核糖开关等受体靶标来调控细胞生长、生物膜形成、K^(+)稳态、DNA完整性、细胞壁合成和脂肪酸合成等与生理功能相关的基因和蛋白的表达。尽管对于c-di-AMP代谢调控在枯草芽孢杆菌、单增李斯特氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌等细菌中的研究较为深入,但对其在乳酸菌中的研究却相对较少。基于此,文章重点关注乳酸菌中cdi-AMP的代谢及其在K^(+)稳态和抑制甘氨酸甜菜碱转运中的信号传导作用;同时,通过总结现有研究中的乳酸菌c-di-AMP代谢调控,深化对乳酸菌第二信使分子信号调控的认知。

城轨交通DI型弹条接触疲劳断裂机理研究

以DI型弹条为研究对象,基于实验得到正常行车状态下弹条的频域特性,采用有限元仿真对弹条进行失效特性分析。研究表明,弹条的断裂为疲劳断裂,表面缺陷产生的应力集中是弹条发生疲劳断裂的主要原因;在正常行车条件下,弹条和钢轨均在360 Hz和700 Hz附近产生峰值,其中钢轨的垂向及横向振动频谱变化趋势基本一致;弹条安装深度过大将导致弹条与铁垫板接触点产生一定应力集中,在长期强迫振动激励作用下弹条容易发生疲劳折断。

Bacteriophages and their applications in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B virus infection

Hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection is a major global health challenge leading to serious disorders such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, there exist various diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for HBV infection. However, prevalence and hazardous effects of chronic viral infection heighten the need to develop novel methodologies for the detection and treatment of this infection. Bacteriophages, viruses that specifically infect bacterial cells, with a long-established tradition in molecular biology and biotechnology have recently been introduced as novel tools for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of HBV infection. Bacteriophages, due to tremendous genetic flexibility, represent potential to undergo a huge variety of surface modifications. This property has been the rationale behind introduction of phage display concept. This powerful approach, together with combinatorial chemistry, has shaped the concept of phage display libraries with diverse applications for the detection and therapy of HBV infection. This review aims to offer an insightful overview of the potential of bacteriophages in the development of helpful prophylactic(vaccine design), diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for HBV infection thereby providing new perspec-tives to the growing field of bacteriophage researches directing towards HBV infection.

First results of CO_(2) dispersion interferometer on EAST tokamak

A dispersion interferometer(DI)has been installed and operates on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST).This DI system utilizes a continuous-wave 9.3μm CO_(2)laser source to measure line-averaged electron densities accurately.In contrast to conventional interferometers,the DI does not require substantial vibration isolations or compensating systems to reduce the impact of vibrations in the optical path.It also employs a ratio of modulation amplitudes,ensuring it remains immune to the variations in detected intensities.Without a variation compensation system,the DI system on EAST reaches a density resolution of less than1.8×10^(-2)πrad and a temporal resolution of 20μs.The measurements made by the POlarimeterINTerferometer(POINT)system and the far-infrared hydrogen cyanide(HCN)interferometer are remarkably consistent with the DI’s results.The possibility of fringe jumps and the impact of refraction in high-density discharge can be significantly decreased using a shorter wavelength laser source.A rapid density change of 3×10^(19)m^(-3)during 0.15 s has been measured accurately in shot No.114755 of EAST.Additionally,the DI system demonstrates dependability and stability under 305 s long-pulse discharges in shot No.122054.

基于学程包和DIS实验提升教学有效性——以“再探NaOH溶液与CO_(2)的反应”为例

随着时代发展,信息技术与教学的深度融合趋势越来越明显。以“再探NaOH溶液与CO_(2)反应”为例,利用学程包软件模拟装置搭建,推送习题并反馈答题数据,利用DIS实验精准测出压强的变化数据,帮助学生更好地理解实验原理,从反应物消耗和生成物增加两个角度证明发生了反应。

Reflections on Studying Huang Di Nei Jing in the West

Huang Di Nei Jing(《黄帝内经》The Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic) has been the source text of Chinese medicine knowledge and innovation for over two thousand years. Despite this key relevance, many of its ideas and practices have proven difficult to understand and implement fully into clinical practice. Cultural and language differences can be compounded with these challenges but may also present new opportunities for advancement and insight when studied by researchers outside of the originating culture. This article introduces the method of Classical-Text Archaeology and delves into the author’s two-decade journey of researching this text, with a discussion on cultural differences and issues of medical scholarship.

高中物理DIS定量创新实验教学与传统实验教学的比较研究——以“电磁感应定律”为例

以“电磁感应定律”为例,开发了DIS定量创新实验,以该实验为基础设计了对应的教案,并与传统定性探究实验教学进行对比,发现相比传统定性探究实验教学而言,DIS定量创新实验教学在一定程度上更有利于科学探究的培养。

巧用DIS,创新小学科学实验教学——以《比较相同距离内运动的快慢》为例

传统科学实验受到实验本身的特性和学生能力的制约,导致学生的探究活动无法全面、合理地进行。教师可以依托数字信息系统,利用实验数据直观呈现实验结果,创新小学科学实验教学,有效提升学生的科学素养。

基于DIS验证变力作用下的动量定理实验

通过DIS可以回避数学知识不足,直观地给出变力作用一段时间的冲量以及物体在此变力作用下动量的变化量,直接比较二者数值,验证了变力作用下的动量定理。

DIS技术与科学类实验项目化再设计的融合

DIS技术凭借良好的兼容性及其在实验数据精度、效度与灵活度方面的优势,有助于深化课程内容的学习、推进教师的日常教学、关注学生的素养培育,是教育数字化转型在实验教学上的重要体现。DIS技术融合实验的项目化再设计,要以尊重课程标准、侧重技术融合、看重情境引导、注重思维发展为原则,从而更好地助力实现实验教学变革。

基于核心素养的高中物理DIS实验 校本课程开发的实践研究 ——以“探究平抛运动的特点”为例

运用传感器和计算机技术的DIS实验,兼具精确测量数据和快速直观展示结果的特点,在教育信息化的大背景下,逐渐在高中物理教学中普及。文章以探究平抛运动的特点为例,借助DIS实验的优点进行校本课程的开发,实现对学生核心素养的补充培养。通过教学过程中的实践和反思提出了基于学科核心素养应用DIS实验开发校本课程应注意的一些问题。

自制DIS探究电容器电压与电荷量的关系——基于ESP32与Phyphox的DIS实验

设计制作了集成高速ADC芯片的DIS实验主板,通过写入程序制作了电压、电流传感器和恒流源。并通过这套基于ESP32与Phyphox的DIS实验设备,观察了电容器充、放电过程,定量探究了电容器电压跟所带电荷量的关系。

中欧投资协定升级对中欧贸易的影响——基于OFDI的中介效应分析

在中欧CAI谈判完成的背景下,文章概括了中国对欧盟OFDI及中欧贸易特征,总结了中欧BITs升级的政策背景及主要内容。基于2003—2019年的面板数据,通过构建中国对欧盟OFDI的中介效应模型,实证分析中欧BITs升级对中欧贸易的影响。研究发现:中欧BITs升级产生贸易创造效应,中国对欧盟OFDI发挥完全中介作用,且中国对欧盟OFDI产生的进口贸易创造效应更强,这将有利于减少欧盟对中国的贸易逆差。中方应积极参与国际投资规则变革,加大投资开放力度,中欧双方需加快推进中欧CAI批约进程,力争推动该协定早日签署生效。