The interactive effects of natural and human factors on ecosystems have been well studied, and the quantitative assessment of large-scale ecological vulnerability caused by natural and human factors is now one of the ...The interactive effects of natural and human factors on ecosystems have been well studied, and the quantitative assessment of large-scale ecological vulnerability caused by natural and human factors is now one of the most active topics in the ifeld. Taking the Guangxi Xijiang River Economic Belt in southwest China （GXEB） as a case study, we assess ecological vulnerability based on the Vulnerability Scoping Diagram （VSD） model. The indices system is decomposed into three sub objects, ten elements and 25 indicators layer by layer, which included factors from both natural and human ifelds. Results indicate that zones with lower, middle-lower, middle, middle-higher and higher vulnerability account for 11.31%, 22.63%, 27.60%, 24.39%, and 14.07%, respectively. The western and eastern parts of GXEB are more vulnerable than the central part and the mountain and urban areas are of higher vulnerability than the basins and river valleys. Compared with a vulnerability assessment based on natural factors only, it is concluded that human activities indeed cause the transition from naturally stable zones to vulnerable zones. The nature-dominated vulnerable zones are different with human-dominated ones in size and distribution, the latter being smaller, more scattered and distributed in urban areas and their surroundings. About 53%of total construction land is distributed in zones with middle and middle-higher ecological vulnerability;less vulnerable zones should attract construction in the future. Relevant suggestions are proposed on how to reduce vulnerability according to inducing factors. The VSD model has a signiifcant advantage in the quantitative evaluation of ecological vulnerability, but is insufficient to distinguish nature- or human-dominated vulnerability quantitatively.展开更多
径流是水循环中的重要过程,流域中河流的分布信息对该区域的水资源、生态、环境及其社会经济活动具有重要意义。我国广西、云南、贵州和东盟十国属于多云雨、山地特点突出的区域,对比已有的河流面域数据产品,发现对该区域的河流信息表...径流是水循环中的重要过程,流域中河流的分布信息对该区域的水资源、生态、环境及其社会经济活动具有重要意义。我国广西、云南、贵州和东盟十国属于多云雨、山地特点突出的区域,对比已有的河流面域数据产品,发现对该区域的河流信息表征不足。为获得更为精确的河流分布数据,满足水资源及生态环境评估,本文采用欧亚大陆河流矢量数据(2010)及欧空局(ESA)全球土地分类数据(2020)陆表水体产品,通过融合形成综合河流矢量数据,再采用膨胀和收缩缓冲分析方法,解决河流不连续问题,并制作了中国广西、云南、贵州及东盟十国河流面域矢量数据。通过对ESA土地分类数据的进一步处理,获得了同区域的湖泊面域矢量数据。最终,本文计算了河流和湖泊的覆盖率,并生成1 km格网的河流和湖库覆盖率数据集。与Hydro RIVERS数据集,以及4种水体遥感数据集(Global Surface water,Esri Land Cover,Dynamic World V1,GRWL)的对比结果显示,本数据集在研究区对河流水系的表征能力更强,比原始输入数据集具有更丰富的细节,表现为:本数据集填补了欧亚大陆河流矢量数据(2010)中缺少的山区支流部分,解决了河流不连续、缺失等问题。本数据集为我国广西、云南、贵州及东盟十国的水体提取提供基础的先验数据,在洪水预报、水资源管理等方面具有重要价值,可服务于生态环境、交通运输、农业灌溉、能源等社会经济活动。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(41201110)Young Talents Foundation of Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology of CAS(NIGLAS2011QD03)
文摘The interactive effects of natural and human factors on ecosystems have been well studied, and the quantitative assessment of large-scale ecological vulnerability caused by natural and human factors is now one of the most active topics in the ifeld. Taking the Guangxi Xijiang River Economic Belt in southwest China （GXEB） as a case study, we assess ecological vulnerability based on the Vulnerability Scoping Diagram （VSD） model. The indices system is decomposed into three sub objects, ten elements and 25 indicators layer by layer, which included factors from both natural and human ifelds. Results indicate that zones with lower, middle-lower, middle, middle-higher and higher vulnerability account for 11.31%, 22.63%, 27.60%, 24.39%, and 14.07%, respectively. The western and eastern parts of GXEB are more vulnerable than the central part and the mountain and urban areas are of higher vulnerability than the basins and river valleys. Compared with a vulnerability assessment based on natural factors only, it is concluded that human activities indeed cause the transition from naturally stable zones to vulnerable zones. The nature-dominated vulnerable zones are different with human-dominated ones in size and distribution, the latter being smaller, more scattered and distributed in urban areas and their surroundings. About 53%of total construction land is distributed in zones with middle and middle-higher ecological vulnerability;less vulnerable zones should attract construction in the future. Relevant suggestions are proposed on how to reduce vulnerability according to inducing factors. The VSD model has a signiifcant advantage in the quantitative evaluation of ecological vulnerability, but is insufficient to distinguish nature- or human-dominated vulnerability quantitatively.
文摘径流是水循环中的重要过程,流域中河流的分布信息对该区域的水资源、生态、环境及其社会经济活动具有重要意义。我国广西、云南、贵州和东盟十国属于多云雨、山地特点突出的区域,对比已有的河流面域数据产品,发现对该区域的河流信息表征不足。为获得更为精确的河流分布数据,满足水资源及生态环境评估,本文采用欧亚大陆河流矢量数据(2010)及欧空局(ESA)全球土地分类数据(2020)陆表水体产品,通过融合形成综合河流矢量数据,再采用膨胀和收缩缓冲分析方法,解决河流不连续问题,并制作了中国广西、云南、贵州及东盟十国河流面域矢量数据。通过对ESA土地分类数据的进一步处理,获得了同区域的湖泊面域矢量数据。最终,本文计算了河流和湖泊的覆盖率,并生成1 km格网的河流和湖库覆盖率数据集。与Hydro RIVERS数据集,以及4种水体遥感数据集(Global Surface water,Esri Land Cover,Dynamic World V1,GRWL)的对比结果显示,本数据集在研究区对河流水系的表征能力更强,比原始输入数据集具有更丰富的细节,表现为:本数据集填补了欧亚大陆河流矢量数据(2010)中缺少的山区支流部分,解决了河流不连续、缺失等问题。本数据集为我国广西、云南、贵州及东盟十国的水体提取提供基础的先验数据,在洪水预报、水资源管理等方面具有重要价值,可服务于生态环境、交通运输、农业灌溉、能源等社会经济活动。
文摘受上游矿山开发的影响,刁江沿岸存在明显的 As、Pb、Zn、Cd 复合污染带,其污染区与洪水淹没区呈现高度的一致性;水田的犁底层对重金属具有明显的隔断作用,而旱地的淀积层中的重金属质量分数依然很高;上游地带土壤污染呈显性状态,土壤中尾砂沉积现象十分明显,而下游地带的土壤污染呈隐性状态,土壤中尾砂沉积现象不明显;蜈蚣蕨可以作为刁江沿岸土壤污染区的指示植物;土壤中 Zn 与 Cd 质量分数存在显著相关关系,表层土壤 As 与 Pb 质量分数呈现较好的相关性,而土壤垂直剖面中 As 与 Pb 质量分数除个别剖面外,相关关系不显著。
