Phenotypic and molecular characterizations of multidrug-resistant diarrheagenic E.coli of calf origin

Escherichia coli has become one of the most important causes of calf diarrhea.The aim of this study is to determine the patterns of antimicrobial resistance of E.coli isolates from six cattle farms and to identify prominent resistance genes and virulence genes among the strains isolated from the diarrhea of calves.Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using the disk diffusion method,and PCR was used to detect resistance and virulence genes.The prevalence of multidrug resistant(MDR)E.coli was 77.8%in dairy cattle and 63.6%in beef cattle.There were high resistance rates to penicillin(100%,100%)and ampicillin(96.3%,86.4%)in E.coli from dairy cattle and beef cattle.Interestingly,resistance rate to antimicrobials and distribution of resistance genes in£coli isolated from dairy cattle were higher than those in beef cattle.Further analysis showed that the most prevalent resistance genes were blojm and oodAl in dairy cattle and beef cattle,respectively.Moreover,seven diarrheagenic virulence genes(irp2,fyuA,Stx1,eoeA,F41,K99 and STa)were present in the isolates from dairy cattle,with a prevalence ranging from 3.7%to 22.22%.Six diarrheagenic virulence genes(irp2,fyuA,Stx1,eoeA,hylA and F41)were identified in the isolates from beef cattle,with a prevalence ranging from 2.27%to 63.64%.Our results provide important evidence for better exploring their interaction mechanism.Further studies are also needed to understand the origin and transmission route of£coli in cattle to reduce its prevalence.

Exploring the modulatory role of bovine lactoferrin on the microbiome and the immune response in healthy and Shiga toxin‑producing E.coli challenged weaned piglets

Background Post-weaned piglets suffer from F18+Escherichia coli(E.coli)infections resulting in post-weaning diar-rhoea or oedema disease.Frequently used management strategies,including colistin and zinc oxide,have contrib-uted to the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance.Novel antimicrobials capable of directly interacting with pathogens and modulating the host immune responses are being investigated.Lactoferrin has shown promising results against porcine enterotoxigenic E.coli strains,both in vitro and in vivo.Results We investigated the influence of bovine lactoferrin(bLF)on the microbiome of healthy and infected weaned piglets.Additionally,we assessed whether bLF influenced the immune responses upon Shiga toxin-producing E.coli(STEC)infection.Therefore,2 in vivo trials were conducted:a microbiome trial and a challenge infection trial,using an F18+STEC strain.BLF did not affect theα-andβ-diversity.However,bLF groups showed a higher relative abundance(RA)for the Actinobacteria phylum and the Bifidobacterium genus in the ileal mucosa.When analysing the immune response upon infection,the STEC group exhibited a significant increase in F18-specific IgG serum levels,whereas this response was absent in the bLF group.Conclusion Taken together,the oral administration of bLF did not have a notable impact on theα-andβ-diversity of the gut microbiome in weaned piglets.Nevertheless,it did increase the RA of the Actinobacteria phylum and Bifi-dobacterium genus,which have previously been shown to play an important role in maintaining gut homeostasis.Furthermore,bLF administration during STEC infection resulted in the absence of F18-specific serum IgG responses.

Impact of an oligosaccharide-based polymer on the metabolic profiles and microbial ecology of weanling pigs experimentally infected with a pathogenic E.coli

Background Our previous study has reported that supplementation of oligosaccharide-based polymer enhances gut health and disease resistance of pigs infected with enterotoxigenic E.coli(ETEC)F18 in a manner similar to carbadox.The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of oligosaccharide-based polymer or antibiotic on the host metabolic profiles and colon microbiota of weaned pigs experimentally infected with ETEC F18.Results Multivariate analysis highlighted the differences in the metabolic profiles of serum and colon digesta which were predominantly found between pigs supplemented with oligosaccharide-based polymer and antibiotic.The relative abundance of metabolic markers of immune responses and nutrient metabolisms,such as amino acids and carbohydrates,were significantly differentiated between the oligosaccharide-based polymer and antibiotic groups(q<0.2 and fold change>2.0).In addition,pigs in antibiotic had a reduced(P<0.05)relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae and Lactobacillaceae,whereas had greater(P<0.05)Clostridiaceae and Streptococcaceae in the colon digesta on d 11 post-inoculation(PI)compared with d 5 PI.Conclusions The impact of oligosaccharide-based polymer on the metabolic and microbial profiles of pigs is not fully understood,and further exploration is needed.However,current research suggest that various mechanisms are involved in the enhanced disease resistance and performance in ETEC-challenged pigs by supplementing this polymer.

Evaluating the Potential of Nitrofurantoin and Fosfomycin for E.coli UTIs: A Susceptibility Study

This study was designed to find the susceptibility of Nitrofurantoin and Fosfomycin among urinary isolates of Escherichia.coli.Four hundred(400)urine samples were collected for susceptibility of nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin among urinary isolates of E.coli.All indoor and outdoor patients'urinary samples yielded growth of E.coli.Mid-stream urine specimens were inoculated on blood agar and CLED agar and incubated at 35±2°C.Growth was observed,and Escherichia coli was identified by Gram staining,Catalase,Motility test and API 20E(Bio murex)as per standard procedure.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of isolates for nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin was carried out by the modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines ATCC 25922.E.coli was used as a quality control strain.A total of 400 samples were tested susceptibility of nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin among urinary isolates of E.coli during this period.A total of 400 samples yielded the growth of E.coli,out of which 178(44.5%)were male and 222(55.5%)were female samples.Among males,18(10%)were tolerant to nitrofurantoin,and 2(1.1%)were tolerant to fosfomycin.Among females,9(4.09%)were susceptible to nitrofurantoin while 6(2.72%)were susceptible to fosfomycin.Among age groups below 45 years old,6(4.76%)were tolerant to nitrofurantoin,and 2(1.58%)were sensitive to fosfomycin.Between 46-66 years old,4(2.81%)were sensitive to nitrofurantoin,and 3(2.11%)were sensitive to fosfomycin.Between 67-90 years old,17(12.87%)were sensitive to nitrofurantoin,and 4(3.03%)were tolerant to fosfomycin.Fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin showed good susceptibility in urinary isolates of E.coli and can be used empirically in our setup.

Phenotypic and Genotypic Antibiotic Resistant Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Patients with Diarrhea in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Background: The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria have become a major public health problem worldwide, particularly in developing countries such as Burkina Faso. This study aims to determine phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistant diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) from patients with diarrhea in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Methodology: Microbiological and biochemical analysis were done to detect two hundred and ninety-two (292) strains. The susceptibility of the strains to antibiotics was determined by the agar disc diffusion method. 16-plex-PCR assays were carried out to detect both virulence and resistance genes encoding betalactams, quinolones, phenicols, tetracyclines and virulence gene of DEC. Results: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli was detected in 8% (23/292) of patients with diarrhea using the 16-plex-PCR and 39.1% (9/23) of the DEC detected carry at least one resistance gene. Resistance rate in disc diffusion test was 86.96% to tetracycline, 65.23% to cotrimoxazole, 17.4% to nalidixic acid, 17.4% to norfloxacin, 17.4% to ciprofloxacin, 13.04% to ceftriaxone, 13.04% to cefotaxime, 8.7% to gentamicin, 8.7% to Chloramphenicol, 0% to netilmicin. The prevalence of different resistance genes in the studied strains varied from 44.4% to 5.5%. The gene Tet coding for resistance to tetracycline was found in 8 strains (44.4%). The CatA gene coding for resistance to Chloramphenicol was detected in 38.9% of isolates. The qnrS, blaSHV and blaOXA genes were each detected in 5.5% of isolates. No strain hosts the qnrA, qnrB and blaTEM genes. Conclusion: This study identified β-lactams, quinolones, phenicols and tetracyclines resistance genes in DEC isolates from patients with diarrhea in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. These results indicate the need for a surveillance program to reduce the prevalence of resistance to Enterobacteriaceae strains in hospitals.

2种氟喹诺酮类抗生素与群体感应抑制剂对E.coli的联合毒性效应

抗生素滥用带来严重的细菌耐药性,威胁生态环境和人体健康。群体感应抑制剂(quorum sensing inhibitors,QSIs)作为一种理论上难以引发细菌耐药性的新型潜在抗生素替代品,被建议单独使用或与传统抗生素联合使用。因此,考察抗生素与QSIs联合作用效应及其作用机理对其在环境中可能产生的联合暴露风险评估具有重要的参考意义。以应用较广泛的2种氟喹诺酮类药物氧氟沙星(ofloxacin,OFL)、左氧氟沙星(levofloxacin,LEV)和1种新型抗菌剂群体感应抑制剂4-羟基-2,5-二甲基-3(2H)呋喃酮(4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone,HDMF)为研究对象,运用直接均分法和均匀设计射线法分别设计3个二元和1个三元混合物体系,每个体系包含5条具有不同组分浓度比的射线。应用时间毒性微板分析法测定3种药物及其混合物体系对大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli,E.coli)的毒性,应用拟合归零法分析混合物的毒性相互作用及相互作用强度,采用分子间对接技术来探讨可能存在的作用机理。结果表明,HDMF、OFL、LEV对E.coli均具有浓度、时间依赖毒性,以半数效应浓度负对数为毒性指标,3种药物在同一暴露时间毒性顺序:LEV>OFL>HDMF。3种药物的二元混合物体系相互作用类型有拮抗/协同作用,而三元混合物体系的作用类型为协同作用,且作用类型和强度受混合物组分、暴露时间和浓度影响。氟喹诺酮类药物混合物体系中,因药物竞争结合蛋白点位而呈现出拮抗作用。在氟喹诺酮类药物和QSIs混合体系中,QSIs会破坏细菌的生物膜,使氟喹诺酮类药物更容易接触细菌造成损伤,从而呈现协同作用。但随着暴露时间的延长,氟喹诺酮类药物会对DNA造成损伤进而减少QSIs作用蛋白的产生,呈现出拮抗作用。

2021年北京市哨点医院致泻大肠埃希氏菌感染病例特征分析

目的 通过分析2021年北京市哨点医院致泻大肠埃希氏菌(Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli,DEC)感染病例的流行趋势和临床特征,为制定有效的健康教育与疾病防控提供依据。方法 收集2021年北京市36家食源性疾病主动监测医院腹泻病例的粪便或肛拭子标本及其性别、年龄、住址、发病时间、饮食史、临床特征等信息,对采集的粪便或肛拭子标本中的DEC进行分离培养鉴定。采用χ^(2)或Fisher确切概率法检验比较DEC不同分型的阳性检出率。结果 2021年北京市食源性疾病监测共采集腹泻病例粪便或肛拭子标本5697份,DEC阳性检出率为7.65%(436/5697),其中20~39岁年龄组阳性检出率最高(χ^(2)=18.804,P<0.001)。从年龄分布来看,20~39岁年龄组肠产毒性大肠埃希菌(Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli,ETEC)阳性病例数高于其他年龄组(χ^(2)=36.769,P<0.001),从地区分布来看,感染肠聚集性大肠埃希菌(Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli,EAEC)和肠致病性大肠埃希菌(Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli,EPEC)的病例多来自远郊(χ^(2)=50.679,χ^(2)=19.659,P均<0.001),感染ETEC的病例主要分布在城区(χ^(2)=13.420,P=0.001)。从季节分布来看,EAEC、ETEC和EPEC夏季感染均高于其他季节(χ^(2)=32.096,χ^(2)=89.339,χ^(2)=16.876,P均<0.001),肠出血性大肠埃希菌(Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli,EHEC)感染主要发生在春季(χ^(2)=10.976,P<0.001)。自述可疑饮食史信息方面,感染ETEC的病例多食用过酒类及冷冻食品(χ^(2)=41.837,P<0.001),EAEC感染者多食用过婴儿食品(χ^(2)=24.229,P=0.007)。临床特征方面,出现腹痛的病例ETEC检出率更高(χ^(2)=8.017,P=0.005),出现恶心或呕吐的病例中EAEC的检出率更高(χ^(2)=5.701,P=0.017;χ^(2)=4.160,P=0.041)。结论 北京市哨点医院致泻大肠埃希氏菌感染病例具有季节性及人群流行特征,可结合不同分型DEC感染病例的可疑食品暴露信息及临床特征,为食品安全健康宣教和临床诊断提供依据。

北京某医院感染性腹泻患者致泻性大肠埃希菌毒力和耐药特征分析

目的明确本院感染性腹泻患者致泻性大肠埃希菌毒力和耐药特征。方法采用VITEK MS微生物质谱检测系统初步鉴定,多重实时荧光PCR检测毒力基因,对本院感染性腹泻患者临床分离的致泻性大肠埃希菌(Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli,DEC)进行5种型别鉴定。微量肉汤稀释法和E-test法药敏试验检测DEC菌株的耐药表型特征。二代测序及生物信息学分析其耐药分子特征。采用Fisher确切概率法进行统计学分析。结果本院DEC检出率为11.9%,其中EAEC占比37.5%,非典型EPEC占比34.38%,ETEC占比25.0%,EIEC占比3.12%,未检出EHEC菌株。32株DEC对氨苄西林、四环素、甲氨苄啶/磺胺异恶唑耐药率最高,分别为53.12%、43.75%和37.5%。ESBLs(+)株占比18.75%,其多重耐药菌株检出率为83.83%,显著高于ESBLs(-)菌株,差异有统计学意义(P=0.042)。32株DEC共有25个ST型,优势基因型为ST10共4株(12.5%),ST28、ST31和ST3153各2株(各占比6.25%),其他21个型别各1株菌(各占比3.13%)。EAEC中检出1株携带bla_(NDM-1)的耐碳青霉烯类菌株。结论我院感染性腹泻患者的DEC以aggR、pic、astA、eae 4种毒力基因较为常见,以EAEC、EPEC为主要型别,基因型别呈高度多态性,检出多重耐药菌株。

重组E.coli工程菌高密度培养生产人源型胶原蛋白

Several technical parameters were studied during the fermentation of recombinant E.coli for the production of collagen-like biopolymer.The effects of dissolved oxygen as well as glucose concentration on fermentation were observed.The OD 600 value could reach 98 when dissolved oxygen was controlled at 50% and glucose around 1%.The production of human-like collagen with a yield of 29.4% was obtained.

中药三黄汤、小檗碱对E.coli生长抑制作用与庆大霉素的比较

庆大霉素对E .coli的抑菌作用强 ,试管稀释法、琼脂稀释法和平板抑菌圈法抑菌试验得到一致的MIC(3～5 μg/mL) ;三黄汤、小檗碱抑菌作用弱而稳定 ,试管稀释法测得的MIC分别为 5 0 0mg/mL和 2 .5mg/mL ,而用平板抑菌圈法得不到明显的抑菌圈 .在亚MIC药物液体分批培养时 ,庆大霉素抑菌曲线起初 2h迅速下降 ,而后回升到初始浓度 ,而三黄汤抑菌曲线平缓稳定 ,说明中药和抗生素的抑菌机制明显不同 .庆大霉素与小檗碱混合使用时 ,与庆大霉素单独使用相近 ,而与三黄混合使用时 ,则主要表现三黄汤的抑菌作用 .因此中西药结合时需要慎用 .在接近MIC药物培养基中连续传代 2 0次后 ,庆大霉素MIC提高 8倍多 ,而三黄汤和小檗碱MIC无显著变化 ,无抗药性产生 ,也不产生对庆大霉素的交叉抗药性 .研究结果还表明 ,在 1/ 4MIC三黄汤中连续传代 2 0次 ,能消除E .coli已形成的庆大霉素抗性 ,这为解决抗生素抗药性提供了线索 .图 4参 2

养殖场空气中E.coli磺胺类抗生素的抗性

本文从养殖场空气中分离出360株E.coli(大肠杆菌,Escherichia coli),应用肉汤微量稀释法和PCR方法,分离磺胺甲唑敏感菌株,检测抗生素抗性和抗性基因.在分离的E.coli中,对磺胺甲唑敏感菌株为95株(26.4%),有48株含有青霉素、氯霉素、四环素、环丙沙星、庆大霉素和利福平的抗性,而47株未含有抗性.其中,7株菌株含有1种抗生素抗性、11株菌株含有2种抗生素抗性、17株菌株含有3种抗生素抗性、6株菌株含有4种抗生素抗性、4株菌株含有5种抗生素抗性、3株菌株含有6种抗生素抗性.对抗生素的耐受能力依次为:氯霉素、青霉素、四环素、环丙沙星、庆大霉素、利福平.磺胺甲唑敏感菌株共检出163个抗性基因,sul1、int1、sul2、Int2、sul3检出数量依次为49、44、29、20和19;含一种、二种、三种、四种、五种抗性基因菌株分别为45、22、10、7、2;但有6株未检测出抗性基因.结果表明养殖场建场时间、抗生素使用、养殖规模等与抗生素抗性菌的抗性呈正相关;养殖场空气中分离的E.coli抗生素抗性较高,且具有多重抗性;抗生素抗性的表现型与其基因型之间出现不完全吻合现象.

秦皇岛地区狐源致病性E.coli对四环素类药物耐药性和耐药基因的检测

为了确定秦皇岛地区狐源大肠杆菌(E.coli)对四环素类药物的耐药性和耐药基因分布,采用常规的鉴定方法,从不同养狐场送检的腹泻的狐狸体内分离鉴定出20株E.coli。致病性试验表明,该菌为致病性E.coli。药敏试验结果表明:分离菌株对四环素和强力霉素药率分别达到95%和90%。通过PCR方法检测分离菌株四环素类药物的耐药基因,结果显示,tet A和tet B基因的检出率分别为100%和95%。本研究为秦皇岛地区防治狐源致病性大肠杆菌病提供实验基础。

来自腹泻合并急性肾衰病人疫区的99株E.coli O157∶H7的鉴定结果分析

目的调查研究河南省2000年3月17日-7月6日发生的腹泻合并急性肾衰病人的致病菌。方法采集病人、外环境、家畜和家禽标本620份,采用免疫磁珠集菌法、CHROMAGAR-O157∶H7显色培养基分离及营养肉汤增菌、rfbO157、rfbO111引物多重PCR扩增等方法进行病原菌的检测。结果分离出99份E.coli O157∶H7菌株,其中rfbO157、志贺氏样毒素2(stx2)、溶血素(hlyA)、肠上皮细胞纤毛消除素(eaeA)基因和vero细胞毒性试验均阳性的有56株,其它基因组合7株,36株无毒力基因。结论99株E.coli O157∶H7在CHROMAGAR-O157∶H7显色培养基生长形态、颜色,生化反应及毒力基因表现等方面出现多样化,对于今后在制定对该菌的诊断标准、传染源的控制及细菌毒力学等方面的研究提供了依据。

低能离子注入E.coli K12的HRS／IRR效应及recA基因在其诱发中的作用

以MG1655(野生型),LE392(recA-)和DH5α(recA-)3株E.coliK12菌株为材料,研究了30keVN+离子注入E.coliK12时HRS/IRR效应的诱发情况及recA基因在其诱发中的作用。结果显示:小于10×1014ions/cm2低剂量离子注入大肠杆菌可诱发HRS/IRR效应;30keVN+离子注入MG1655,LE392菌株都可诱发HRS/IRR效应,而在DH5α菌株中无法诱导IRR效应。recA-与HRS/IRR效应相斥性表明recA基因在HRS/IRR效应的诱发中发挥了重要作用。

过量表达苹果酸酶对E.coli FMJ39厌氧混合酸发酵的影响

为了考察苹果酸酶对厌氧混合酸发酵的影响,从E.coliDH5α中PCR扩增苹果酸酶(NAD+-dependent,E.C1.1.1.38)基因sfcA,插入质粒pTrc99a构建了表达质粒pTrc99a-sfcA,有氧和厌氧的条件下,IPTG诱导在E.coliFMJ39(ldh,pfl)中均获得大量表达。厌氧发酵结果表明,过量表达苹果酸酶会影响混合酸发酵中甲酸、乙酸、丁二酸途径。重组菌甲酸和乙酸的量分别比受体菌提高了17.58%和15.27%,丁二酸的量降低了26.87%,柠檬酸的量变化不大。实验证实即使pfl基因缺陷,高浓度的L-Thr和L-Ser也会诱导Tdc操纵元把丙酮酸转化为甲酸和乙酸。

截短的弓形虫P30基因在E.coli中的高效表达及纯化条件的探索

目的 构建能在E .coli中高效表达的弓形虫主要表面抗原 (P30 )基因的重组表达质粒 ,并对纯化条件进行优化。方法 对已知的弓形虫P30基因序列进行部分取舍 ,用PCR技术从弓形虫ZS1株的基因组DNA中扩增出截短的P30基因片段 ,插入载体pET 30 (a)中 ,转化大肠杆菌DH5α,IPTG诱导表达 ,包涵体经洗涤、变性、复性及不同程度的浓缩后 ,进行SDS PAGE及免疫印迹分析。结果 从弓形虫ZS1株基因组DNA中扩增出截短的P30基因片段 ,成功构建重组表达质粒 pET P30 ;SDS -PAGE显示蛋白表达带的分子量约为 31kD ,表达量占菌体总蛋白的 31.5 8% ,经 1M及 2M尿素洗涤后 ,其纯度分别达 6 3.42 %及 75 .74% ;免疫印迹显示 ,该纯化蛋白能被弓形虫病人阳性血清所识别 ,而且当浓缩至初始体积的 1/ 3～ 1/ 6时 ,纯化蛋白与DNA免疫鼠血清的反应最强。结论 成功构建重组质粒 pET P30 ,并以融合蛋白的形式进行了高效表达 ,经变性、复性后 ,该蛋白具有特异的免疫反应性 ,为弓形虫诊断试剂盒的研制打下基础。

传染性支气管炎病毒核衣壳蛋白基因克隆及在E.coli中的表达

核衣壳蛋白基因 (N基因 )是传染性支气管炎病毒的重要结构基因 .根据已报道的序列设计引物 ,利用RT PCR技术从病毒RNA中扩增和克隆到了N基因的cDNA ,并测定了核苷酸序列 .克隆的N基因片段ORF全长 12 30bp ,编码 4 0 9个氨基酸 .将该片段序列与其他IBV病毒株比较 ,核苷酸的同一性为 87 0 %～ 98 6 %,氨基酸的同一性为 91 0 %～ 98 1%.将该cDNA亚克隆到pBV2 2 0表达载体 ,转化大肠杆菌DH5α菌株 ,Western印迹检测 ,获得了分子量约 4

内源性血管生成抑制因子A rresten在E.coli JM109中的表达及抗新生血管生成的药理学研究

目的构建内源性血管生成抑制因子Arresten基因的原核表达载体，并进行表达，抑制新生血管的药理学实验中发现，该表达产物具有抑制鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜血管生长的功能。方法从健康产妇的胎盘组织中提取总RNA，经逆转录-聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）扩增出Arresten基因，构建重组质粒pBV220-Art转化E．coli JM109进行原核表达，大量表达提取Arresten蛋白，用鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜实验进行活性测定。结果成功构建的重组质粒pBV220-Arr在E．coli JM109菌株中2～8h均可获得表达，其中诱导4h表达效率最高，Arresten蛋白可明显抑制鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜血管生长，活性功能明显强于血管抑素。结论成功构建Arresten基因重组质粒pBV220-Arr，并可在E．coli JM109菌株中获得表达，Arresten蛋白具有明显的抑制血管生成的作用。

伴大豆球蛋白水解肽对灌喂大肠杆菌(E.coli)的小鼠肠道微生物区系和健康的影响

目的研究服用伴大豆球蛋白胃蛋白酶水解肽的小鼠,灌喂E.coli后的健康状况,分析小鼠灌喂E.coli后24h,48h粪样微生物区系的变化。方法应用PCR-DGGE技术对小鼠粪样微生物区系进行相似性分析;应用连续稀释PCR的方法检测小鼠灌喂E.coli后24h,48h粪样中细菌的数量;同时观察小鼠灌喂E.coli后的健康状况。结果小鼠灌喂E.coli后24h,盐酸彻底水解伴大豆球蛋白液组(HCL-FHC)和灌菌对照组(CON)的相似性较高(71.5%),伴大豆球蛋白组(Conglycinin)和伴大豆球蛋白胃蛋白酶水解肽组(PTC)与正常对照组(CONN)的相似性都较高(分别为82.4%和72.9%);灌喂E.coli后48h,CONN组和CON组的相似性不高(59.6%),PTC组和CONN组的相似性较高(73.7%),PTC组和Conglycinin组、HCL-FHC组、CON组的相似性都不高(分别为51.4%、56.3%、48.1%),PTC组小鼠粪中细菌的数量明显低于CON组和HCL-FHC组,同时PTC组健康小鼠的数量明显多于其它处理组。结论伴大豆球蛋白胃蛋白酶水解肽能维持肠道健康的微生物区系,降低肠道细菌的数量,维持感染E.coli后小鼠的健康。

基因工程菌E.coli BL21/pET-DsbA-MalQ发酵产麦芽糖转糖基酶的研究

为了获得最佳的基因工程菌E.coli BL21/pET-DsbA-MalQ发酵产酶条件,通过进行诱导时间﹑诱导温度﹑IPTG的浓度﹑诱导前菌液浓度(OD600)等因素梯度实验,研究各因素对发酵产酶的影响。实验结果表明,基因工程菌的最佳诱导条件分别为:诱导时间为2.5h,诱导温度为30℃,IPTG浓度为0.5mmol/L,诱导前OD600值为0.5。在最佳工艺条件下,粗酶液的酶活为130U,相当于出发菌产酶效率的135倍。