The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional information interaction system between the central nervous system(CNS) and the gastrointestinal tract, in which gut microbiota plays a key role. The gut microbiota forms a complex...The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional information interaction system between the central nervous system(CNS) and the gastrointestinal tract, in which gut microbiota plays a key role. The gut microbiota forms a complex network with the enteric nervous system, the autonomic nervous system, and the neuroendocrine and neuroimmunity of the CNS, which is called the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Due to the close anatomical and functional interaction of the gut-liver axis, the microbiota-gut-liver-brain axis has attracted increased attention in recent years. The microbiota-gut-liver-brain axis mediates the occurrence and development of many diseases, and it offers a direction for the research of disease treatment. In this review, we mainly discuss the role of the gut microbiota in the irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, functional dyspepsia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy via the gut-liver-brain axis, and the focus is to clarify the potential mechanisms and treatment of digestive diseases based on the further understanding of the microbiota-gut-liver-brain axis.展开更多
Objective:To explore Yan Zhenghua’s drug selection rule for treating digestive system diseases using data mining.Methods:The 609 medical records of digestive system diseases treated by Yan Zhenghua were collected and...Objective:To explore Yan Zhenghua’s drug selection rule for treating digestive system diseases using data mining.Methods:The 609 medical records of digestive system diseases treated by Yan Zhenghua were collected and the herbs in these recipes were examined using a data mining technique.The correlativity between herb pairs and association rules was studied using an Apriori algorithm and the correlativity among multi-herbs was studied using a complex system entropy cluster technique.Results:Yan Zhenghua’s treatment of digestive system diseases featured 15 herbs prescribed at least 159 times each,22 herb pairs prescribed at least 155 times each,and eight frequently used herb core combinations.A confidence greater than 0.91 and a support level greater than 20%were achieved using the modified mutual information method.Conclusion:The data mining results conformed to findings from clinical practice.The data mining method is a valuable technique with which to study the experience of famous,elderly traditional Chinese medicine physicians.展开更多
Gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy(G-POME)is an emerging minimally invasive endoscopic technique involving the establishment of a submucosal tun-nel around the pyloric sphincter.In 2013,Khashab et al used G-POME for t...Gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy(G-POME)is an emerging minimally invasive endoscopic technique involving the establishment of a submucosal tun-nel around the pyloric sphincter.In 2013,Khashab et al used G-POME for the first time in the treatment of gastroparesis with enhanced therapeutic efficacy,prov-iding a new direction for the treatment of gastroparesis.With the recent and rapid development of G-POME therapy technology,progress has been made in the treatment of gastroparesis and other upper digestive tract diseases,such as congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis and gastric sleeve stricture,with G-POME.This article reviews the research progress and future prospects of G-POME for the treatment of upper digestive tract gastrointestinal diseases.展开更多
Given the breakthroughs in key technologies,such as image recognition,deep learning and neural networks,artificial intelligence(AI)continues to be increasingly developed,leading to closer and deeper integration with a...Given the breakthroughs in key technologies,such as image recognition,deep learning and neural networks,artificial intelligence(AI)continues to be increasingly developed,leading to closer and deeper integration with an increasingly data-,knowledge-and brain labor-intensive medical industry.As society continues to advance and individuals become more aware of their health needs,the problems associated with the aging of the population are receiving increasing attention,and there is an urgent demand for improving medical technology,prolonging human life and enhancing health.Digestive system diseases are the most common clinical diseases and are characterized by complex clinical manifestations and a general lack of obvious symptoms in the early stage.Such diseases are very difficult to diagnose and treat.In recent years,the incidence of diseases of the digestive system has increased.As AI applications in the field of health care continue to be developed,AI has begun playing an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the digestive system.In this paper,the application of AI in assisted diagnosis and the application and prospects of AI in malignant and benign digestive system diseases are reviewed.展开更多
External therapy,which has been used for millennia to treat disease,has now become the newest member of complementary and alternative therapies.A growing number of clinical studies and animal experiments have shown th...External therapy,which has been used for millennia to treat disease,has now become the newest member of complementary and alternative therapies.A growing number of clinical studies and animal experiments have shown that external therapy exerts a positive effect on the intestinal flora.In this paper,we review the research related to external therapy on various systemic diseases and focus on changes in the intestinal flora.We found that studies on external therapy are dominated by acupuncture and tuina,primarily aimed at the treatment of digestive and neurological diseases.However,the deeper mechanism of regulation of the intestinal flora by external therapy has not yet been experimentally confirmed.展开更多
Pseudomembranous colitis is severe inflammation of the inner lining of the colon due to anoxia,ischemia,endothelial damage,and toxin production.The majority of cases of pseudomembranous colitis are due to Clostridium ...Pseudomembranous colitis is severe inflammation of the inner lining of the colon due to anoxia,ischemia,endothelial damage,and toxin production.The majority of cases of pseudomembranous colitis are due to Clostridium difficile.However,other causative pathogens and agents have been responsible for causing a similar pattern of injury to the bowel with the endoscopic appearance of yellow-white plaques and membranes on the mucosal surface of the colon.Common presenting symptoms and signs include crampy abdominal pain,nausea,watery diarrhea that can progress to bloody diarrhea,fever,leukocytosis,and dehydration.Negative testing for Clostridium difficile or failure to improve on treatment should prompt evaluation for other causes of pseudomembranous colitis.Bacterial infections other than Clostridium difficile,Viruses such as cytomegalovirus,parasitic infections,medications,drugs,chemicals,inflammatory diseases,and ischemia are other differential diagnoses to look out for in pseudomembranous colitis.Complications of pseudomembranous colitis include toxic megacolon,hypotension,colonic perforation with peritonitis,and septic shock with organ failure.Early diagnosis and treatment to prevent progression are important.The central perspective of this paper is to provide a concise review of the various etiologies for pseudomembranous colitis and management per prior literature.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)has high morbidity and mortality.Moreover,because GC has no typical symptoms in the early stages,most cases are already in the advanced stages by the time the symptoms appear,thus resultin...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)has high morbidity and mortality.Moreover,because GC has no typical symptoms in the early stages,most cases are already in the advanced stages by the time the symptoms appear,thus resulting in poor prognosis and a low survival rate.Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)can realize the early detection and diagnosis of GC and become the main surgical method for early GC.However,ESD has a steep learning curve and high technical skill requirements for endoscopists,which is not conducive to its widespread implementation and advancement.Therefore,a series of auxiliary techniques have been derived.AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of magnetic anchor technique(MAT)-assisted ESD in early GC.METHODS This was an ex vivo animal experiment.The experimental models were the isolated stomachs of pigs,which were divided into two groups,namely the study group(n=6)with MAT-assisted ESD and the control group(n=6)with traditional ESD.Comparing the total surgical time,incidence of surgical complications,complete mucosal resection rate,specimen size,and the scores of endoscopist’s satisfaction with the procedure reflected their feelings about convenience during the surgical procedure between the two groups.The magnetic anchor device for auxiliary ESD in the study group comprised three parts,an anchor magnet(AM),a target magnet(TM),and a soft tissue clip.Under gastroscopic guidance,the soft tissue clip and the TM were delivered to the pre-marked mucosal lesion through the gastroscopic operating hole.The soft tissue clip and the TM were connected by a thin wire through the TM tail structure.The soft tissue clip was released by manipulating the operating handle of the soft tissue clip in a way that the soft tissue clip and the TM were fixed to the lesion mucosa.In vitro,ESD is aided by maneuvering the AM such that the mucosal dissection surface is exposed.RESULTS The total surgical time was shorter in the study group than in the control group(26.57±0.19 vs 29.97±0.28,P<0.001),and the scores of endoscopist’s satisfaction with the procedure were higher in the study group than in the control group(9.53±0.10 vs 8.00±0.22,P<0.001).During the operation in the study group,there was no detachment of the soft tissue clip and TM and no mucosal tearing.The magnetic force between the AM and TM provided good mucosal exposure and sufficient tissue tension for ESD.The mucosal lesion was completely peeled off,and the operation was successful.There were no significant differences in the incidence of surgical complications(100%vs 83.3%),complete mucosal resection rate(100%vs 66.7%,P=0.439),and specimen size(2.44±0.04 cm vs 2.49±0.02,P=0.328)between the two groups.CONCLUSION MAT-ESD is safe and effective for early GC.It provides a preliminary basis for subsequent internal animal experiments and clinical research.展开更多
Viral gastroenteritis is the most common viral illness that affects the gastro-intestinal(GI)tract,causing inflammation and irritation of the lining of the stomach and intestines.Common signs and symptoms associated w...Viral gastroenteritis is the most common viral illness that affects the gastro-intestinal(GI)tract,causing inflammation and irritation of the lining of the stomach and intestines.Common signs and symptoms associated with this condition include abdominal pain,diarrhea,and dehydration.The infections commonly involved in viral gastroenteritis are rotavirus,norovirus,and adenovirus,which spread through the fecal-oral and contact routes and cause non-bloody diarrhea.These infections can affect both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals.Since the pandemic in 2019,coronavirus gastroenteritis has increased in incidence and prevalence.Morbidity and mortality rates from viral gastroenteritis have declined significantly over the years due to early recognition,treatment with oral rehydration salts,and prompt vaccination.Improved sanitation measures have also played a key role in reducing the transmission of infection.In addition to viral hepatitis causing liver disease,herpes virus,and cytomegalovirus are responsible for ulcerative GI disease.They are associated with bloody diarrhea and commonly occur in im-munocompromised individuals.Hepatitis viruses,Epstein-Barr virus,herpesvirus 8,and human papillomavirus have been involved in benign and malignant diseases.This mini review aims to list different viruses affecting the GI tract.It will cover common symptoms aiding in diagnosis and various important aspects of each viral infection that can aid diagnosis and management.This will help primary care physicians and hospitalists diagnose and treat patients more easily.展开更多
BACKGROUND Atractylodes japonica Koidz.ex Kitam.(A.japonica,Chinese name:Guan-Cangzhu,Japanese name:Byaku-jutsu),a perennial herb,which is mainly distributed in northeast area of China,it’s often used to treat digest...BACKGROUND Atractylodes japonica Koidz.ex Kitam.(A.japonica,Chinese name:Guan-Cangzhu,Japanese name:Byaku-jutsu),a perennial herb,which is mainly distributed in northeast area of China,it’s often used to treat digestive system diseases such as gastric ulcer(GU).However,the mechanism of its potential protective effects against GU remains unclear.AIM To investigate the protective effects of A.japonica on acetic acid-induced GU rats.METHODS The chemical constituents of A.japonica were determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)analysis.The rat model of GU was simulated by acetic acid method.The pathological changes of gastric tissues were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin stain,the levels of epidermal growth factor(EGF),EGF receptor(EGFR),nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-10,Na^(+)-K^(+)-ATPase(NKA)in serum and gastric tissues were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and the mRNA expressions of EGFR,NF-κBp65,IkappaBalpha(IκBα)and Zonula Occludens-1(ZO-1)in gastric tissues were determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,and the efficacy was observed.Then,plasma metabolomic analysis was performed by UPLC-MS/MS to screen the specific potential biomarkers,metabolic pathways and to explore the possible mechani-sms.RESULTS 48 chemical constituents were identified.Many of them have strong pharmacological activity,the results also revealed that A.japonica significantly improved the pathological damage of gastric tissues,increased the expression levels of IL-10,IκBαrelated to anti-inflammatory factors,decreased the expression levels of IL-1β,NF-κB,NF-κBp65,related to proinflammatory factors,restored the levels of factors about EGF,EGFR,ZO-1 associated with ulcer healing and the levels of factors about NKA associated with energy metabolism.Metabolomic analysis identified 10 potential differential metabolites and enriched 7 related metabolic pathways.CONCLUSION These findings contribute to the understanding of the potential mechanism of A.japonica to improve acetic acidinduced GU,and will be of great importance for the development and clinical application of natural drugs related to A.japonica.展开更多
To the Editor,
It is of great pleasure to learn that WJG has developed into one of the important journals to the field of gastronenterology studies worldwide. Thank you for providing such an excellent platform for sch...To the Editor,
It is of great pleasure to learn that WJG has developed into one of the important journals to the field of gastronenterology studies worldwide. Thank you for providing such an excellent platform for scholars to exhibit their hard work and fruitful ressults. It is also a very good chance for western scholars to learn of the advances dig estive disease studies performed inside China.Hopefully,more and more scholars around the world will come to realize that WJG is a journal worth reading.I visit the WJG website now and then to catch up with gastrointestinal research advances inside China. I have two small suggestions here for your reference. First is a layout issue. In the articles some of the lines are loose and some are tight, it is unappealing to look at and difficult to read. I finally realized that you didn't truncate the words by syllable where it is mecessary. This is usually done in other international journals. Microsoft Word software has an auto word-wrap function.Sometimes,my friends here would ask me to explain something printed on the wrap of made-in-China things which was written in "Chinglish" and with obvious mistakes. That embarrassed me so much. Next time, when I introduce WJG to my friends or olleagues, are they going to say :"Oh! Look at those lines?" Second, the of is too slow.How about speeding it up?展开更多
A simple experiment of rat gastric ulcer was carried out to study the medical effect of Chinese Medical Stone which is a kind of Mineral Medicine of mines in China on gastric ulcer in rats.The purpose of this study wa...A simple experiment of rat gastric ulcer was carried out to study the medical effect of Chinese Medical Stone which is a kind of Mineral Medicine of mines in China on gastric ulcer in rats.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the Chinese Medical Stone on the prevention and treatment of experimental gastrointestinal disease,especially gastric ulcer.展开更多
Objective:Compared to Chinese herbal piecesherbal pieces,the quality of TCM granule is stable and controllable,it is also a convenient alternative to decocting herbs.However,whether they are as clinically effective as...Objective:Compared to Chinese herbal piecesherbal pieces,the quality of TCM granule is stable and controllable,it is also a convenient alternative to decocting herbs.However,whether they are as clinically effective as Chinese herbal piecesherbal pieces is still controversial.In this study,a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to assess the clinical efficacy of TCM granules and Chinese herbal piecesherbal pieces.Methods:A search of online databases for eligible articles was performed,including PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Internet,WanFang,and Chongqing VIP Information,searching from the inception of these databases to 2020.The Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0 was used to independently identify the trials,extract data,and assess the risk of bias.The meta-analysis was performed via RevMan 5.3 software.Results:A total of 98 eligible articles were included.After classification and statistical analysis of the related diseases,a meta-analysis was performed on 8 types of illnesses(cold,hypertension,migraine,osteoporosis,and diseases of the digestive system,such as gastritis,gastric ulcer,colitis,epigastric pain)included in 66 randomized controlled trials to compare the clinical efficacy and adverse events of TCM granules and Chinese herbal pieces.Meta-analysis showed that compared with Chinese herbal piecesherbal pieces,TCM granules had similar effectiveness and safety in treating cold,hypertension,and osteoporosis,but a higher response rate in migraines and a better effect in reducing migraine duration and higher response rate on diseases of the digestive system.Conclusion:Compared with the traditional decoctions,TCM formula granules had the same efficacy and safety,moreover,they had higher efficacy and safety in treating migraines and digestive system diseases.展开更多
Deep learning has made tremendous progress in diagnosis assistance and prognosis prediction along with the accumulation of abundant medical data and the improvement of computer algorithms.Many studies have focused on ...Deep learning has made tremendous progress in diagnosis assistance and prognosis prediction along with the accumulation of abundant medical data and the improvement of computer algorithms.Many studies have focused on applying deep learning to diseases of the lower gastrointestinal tract.Studies on deep learning and digestive system diseases mainly focus on cancer and inflammatory diseases,while few studies focus on other diseases.In order to better understand the emerging interdisciplinary,this paper reviews the ways in which deep learning may help doctors make a diagnosis or establish a prognosis,revealing that further randomized controlled studies and deeper cooperation between artificial intelligence engineers and doctors will be required.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 81970541,No. 31960151,No. 81660099 and No. 81660412。
文摘The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional information interaction system between the central nervous system(CNS) and the gastrointestinal tract, in which gut microbiota plays a key role. The gut microbiota forms a complex network with the enteric nervous system, the autonomic nervous system, and the neuroendocrine and neuroimmunity of the CNS, which is called the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Due to the close anatomical and functional interaction of the gut-liver axis, the microbiota-gut-liver-brain axis has attracted increased attention in recent years. The microbiota-gut-liver-brain axis mediates the occurrence and development of many diseases, and it offers a direction for the research of disease treatment. In this review, we mainly discuss the role of the gut microbiota in the irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, functional dyspepsia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy via the gut-liver-brain axis, and the focus is to clarify the potential mechanisms and treatment of digestive diseases based on the further understanding of the microbiota-gut-liver-brain axis.
基金the National Science and Technology Support Program of China(No.2007BAI10B01)the Science and Technology Development Project of TCM of Beijing(No.JJ-2010-70)+1 种基金the Scientific Research Innovation Team Project of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(No.2011-CXTD-14)the open project of key disciplines of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(No.2013-ZDXKKF-19).
文摘Objective:To explore Yan Zhenghua’s drug selection rule for treating digestive system diseases using data mining.Methods:The 609 medical records of digestive system diseases treated by Yan Zhenghua were collected and the herbs in these recipes were examined using a data mining technique.The correlativity between herb pairs and association rules was studied using an Apriori algorithm and the correlativity among multi-herbs was studied using a complex system entropy cluster technique.Results:Yan Zhenghua’s treatment of digestive system diseases featured 15 herbs prescribed at least 159 times each,22 herb pairs prescribed at least 155 times each,and eight frequently used herb core combinations.A confidence greater than 0.91 and a support level greater than 20%were achieved using the modified mutual information method.Conclusion:The data mining results conformed to findings from clinical practice.The data mining method is a valuable technique with which to study the experience of famous,elderly traditional Chinese medicine physicians.
文摘Gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy(G-POME)is an emerging minimally invasive endoscopic technique involving the establishment of a submucosal tun-nel around the pyloric sphincter.In 2013,Khashab et al used G-POME for the first time in the treatment of gastroparesis with enhanced therapeutic efficacy,prov-iding a new direction for the treatment of gastroparesis.With the recent and rapid development of G-POME therapy technology,progress has been made in the treatment of gastroparesis and other upper digestive tract diseases,such as congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis and gastric sleeve stricture,with G-POME.This article reviews the research progress and future prospects of G-POME for the treatment of upper digestive tract gastrointestinal diseases.
基金Supported by Key Discipline of Liaoning Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Ability Promote Construction Project, No. LNZYXZY201903Development Guidance Plan Projects in Liaoning Province, No. 2019JH-8/10300028
文摘Given the breakthroughs in key technologies,such as image recognition,deep learning and neural networks,artificial intelligence(AI)continues to be increasingly developed,leading to closer and deeper integration with an increasingly data-,knowledge-and brain labor-intensive medical industry.As society continues to advance and individuals become more aware of their health needs,the problems associated with the aging of the population are receiving increasing attention,and there is an urgent demand for improving medical technology,prolonging human life and enhancing health.Digestive system diseases are the most common clinical diseases and are characterized by complex clinical manifestations and a general lack of obvious symptoms in the early stage.Such diseases are very difficult to diagnose and treat.In recent years,the incidence of diseases of the digestive system has increased.As AI applications in the field of health care continue to be developed,AI has begun playing an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the digestive system.In this paper,the application of AI in assisted diagnosis and the application and prospects of AI in malignant and benign digestive system diseases are reviewed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81704193).
文摘External therapy,which has been used for millennia to treat disease,has now become the newest member of complementary and alternative therapies.A growing number of clinical studies and animal experiments have shown that external therapy exerts a positive effect on the intestinal flora.In this paper,we review the research related to external therapy on various systemic diseases and focus on changes in the intestinal flora.We found that studies on external therapy are dominated by acupuncture and tuina,primarily aimed at the treatment of digestive and neurological diseases.However,the deeper mechanism of regulation of the intestinal flora by external therapy has not yet been experimentally confirmed.
文摘Pseudomembranous colitis is severe inflammation of the inner lining of the colon due to anoxia,ischemia,endothelial damage,and toxin production.The majority of cases of pseudomembranous colitis are due to Clostridium difficile.However,other causative pathogens and agents have been responsible for causing a similar pattern of injury to the bowel with the endoscopic appearance of yellow-white plaques and membranes on the mucosal surface of the colon.Common presenting symptoms and signs include crampy abdominal pain,nausea,watery diarrhea that can progress to bloody diarrhea,fever,leukocytosis,and dehydration.Negative testing for Clostridium difficile or failure to improve on treatment should prompt evaluation for other causes of pseudomembranous colitis.Bacterial infections other than Clostridium difficile,Viruses such as cytomegalovirus,parasitic infections,medications,drugs,chemicals,inflammatory diseases,and ischemia are other differential diagnoses to look out for in pseudomembranous colitis.Complications of pseudomembranous colitis include toxic megacolon,hypotension,colonic perforation with peritonitis,and septic shock with organ failure.Early diagnosis and treatment to prevent progression are important.The central perspective of this paper is to provide a concise review of the various etiologies for pseudomembranous colitis and management per prior literature.
基金Supported by the Key Research&Development Program-Social Development of Shaanxi Province of China,No.2021SF-163the Innovation Capability Support Plan of Shaanxi Province of China,No.2020KJXX-022.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)has high morbidity and mortality.Moreover,because GC has no typical symptoms in the early stages,most cases are already in the advanced stages by the time the symptoms appear,thus resulting in poor prognosis and a low survival rate.Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)can realize the early detection and diagnosis of GC and become the main surgical method for early GC.However,ESD has a steep learning curve and high technical skill requirements for endoscopists,which is not conducive to its widespread implementation and advancement.Therefore,a series of auxiliary techniques have been derived.AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of magnetic anchor technique(MAT)-assisted ESD in early GC.METHODS This was an ex vivo animal experiment.The experimental models were the isolated stomachs of pigs,which were divided into two groups,namely the study group(n=6)with MAT-assisted ESD and the control group(n=6)with traditional ESD.Comparing the total surgical time,incidence of surgical complications,complete mucosal resection rate,specimen size,and the scores of endoscopist’s satisfaction with the procedure reflected their feelings about convenience during the surgical procedure between the two groups.The magnetic anchor device for auxiliary ESD in the study group comprised three parts,an anchor magnet(AM),a target magnet(TM),and a soft tissue clip.Under gastroscopic guidance,the soft tissue clip and the TM were delivered to the pre-marked mucosal lesion through the gastroscopic operating hole.The soft tissue clip and the TM were connected by a thin wire through the TM tail structure.The soft tissue clip was released by manipulating the operating handle of the soft tissue clip in a way that the soft tissue clip and the TM were fixed to the lesion mucosa.In vitro,ESD is aided by maneuvering the AM such that the mucosal dissection surface is exposed.RESULTS The total surgical time was shorter in the study group than in the control group(26.57±0.19 vs 29.97±0.28,P<0.001),and the scores of endoscopist’s satisfaction with the procedure were higher in the study group than in the control group(9.53±0.10 vs 8.00±0.22,P<0.001).During the operation in the study group,there was no detachment of the soft tissue clip and TM and no mucosal tearing.The magnetic force between the AM and TM provided good mucosal exposure and sufficient tissue tension for ESD.The mucosal lesion was completely peeled off,and the operation was successful.There were no significant differences in the incidence of surgical complications(100%vs 83.3%),complete mucosal resection rate(100%vs 66.7%,P=0.439),and specimen size(2.44±0.04 cm vs 2.49±0.02,P=0.328)between the two groups.CONCLUSION MAT-ESD is safe and effective for early GC.It provides a preliminary basis for subsequent internal animal experiments and clinical research.
文摘Viral gastroenteritis is the most common viral illness that affects the gastro-intestinal(GI)tract,causing inflammation and irritation of the lining of the stomach and intestines.Common signs and symptoms associated with this condition include abdominal pain,diarrhea,and dehydration.The infections commonly involved in viral gastroenteritis are rotavirus,norovirus,and adenovirus,which spread through the fecal-oral and contact routes and cause non-bloody diarrhea.These infections can affect both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals.Since the pandemic in 2019,coronavirus gastroenteritis has increased in incidence and prevalence.Morbidity and mortality rates from viral gastroenteritis have declined significantly over the years due to early recognition,treatment with oral rehydration salts,and prompt vaccination.Improved sanitation measures have also played a key role in reducing the transmission of infection.In addition to viral hepatitis causing liver disease,herpes virus,and cytomegalovirus are responsible for ulcerative GI disease.They are associated with bloody diarrhea and commonly occur in im-munocompromised individuals.Hepatitis viruses,Epstein-Barr virus,herpesvirus 8,and human papillomavirus have been involved in benign and malignant diseases.This mini review aims to list different viruses affecting the GI tract.It will cover common symptoms aiding in diagnosis and various important aspects of each viral infection that can aid diagnosis and management.This will help primary care physicians and hospitalists diagnose and treat patients more easily.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81973478Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program,China,No.XLYC2002004Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,China,No.2019-ZD-0443.
文摘BACKGROUND Atractylodes japonica Koidz.ex Kitam.(A.japonica,Chinese name:Guan-Cangzhu,Japanese name:Byaku-jutsu),a perennial herb,which is mainly distributed in northeast area of China,it’s often used to treat digestive system diseases such as gastric ulcer(GU).However,the mechanism of its potential protective effects against GU remains unclear.AIM To investigate the protective effects of A.japonica on acetic acid-induced GU rats.METHODS The chemical constituents of A.japonica were determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)analysis.The rat model of GU was simulated by acetic acid method.The pathological changes of gastric tissues were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin stain,the levels of epidermal growth factor(EGF),EGF receptor(EGFR),nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-10,Na^(+)-K^(+)-ATPase(NKA)in serum and gastric tissues were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and the mRNA expressions of EGFR,NF-κBp65,IkappaBalpha(IκBα)and Zonula Occludens-1(ZO-1)in gastric tissues were determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,and the efficacy was observed.Then,plasma metabolomic analysis was performed by UPLC-MS/MS to screen the specific potential biomarkers,metabolic pathways and to explore the possible mechani-sms.RESULTS 48 chemical constituents were identified.Many of them have strong pharmacological activity,the results also revealed that A.japonica significantly improved the pathological damage of gastric tissues,increased the expression levels of IL-10,IκBαrelated to anti-inflammatory factors,decreased the expression levels of IL-1β,NF-κB,NF-κBp65,related to proinflammatory factors,restored the levels of factors about EGF,EGFR,ZO-1 associated with ulcer healing and the levels of factors about NKA associated with energy metabolism.Metabolomic analysis identified 10 potential differential metabolites and enriched 7 related metabolic pathways.CONCLUSION These findings contribute to the understanding of the potential mechanism of A.japonica to improve acetic acidinduced GU,and will be of great importance for the development and clinical application of natural drugs related to A.japonica.
文摘To the Editor,
It is of great pleasure to learn that WJG has developed into one of the important journals to the field of gastronenterology studies worldwide. Thank you for providing such an excellent platform for scholars to exhibit their hard work and fruitful ressults. It is also a very good chance for western scholars to learn of the advances dig estive disease studies performed inside China.Hopefully,more and more scholars around the world will come to realize that WJG is a journal worth reading.I visit the WJG website now and then to catch up with gastrointestinal research advances inside China. I have two small suggestions here for your reference. First is a layout issue. In the articles some of the lines are loose and some are tight, it is unappealing to look at and difficult to read. I finally realized that you didn't truncate the words by syllable where it is mecessary. This is usually done in other international journals. Microsoft Word software has an auto word-wrap function.Sometimes,my friends here would ask me to explain something printed on the wrap of made-in-China things which was written in "Chinglish" and with obvious mistakes. That embarrassed me so much. Next time, when I introduce WJG to my friends or olleagues, are they going to say :"Oh! Look at those lines?" Second, the of is too slow.How about speeding it up?
文摘A simple experiment of rat gastric ulcer was carried out to study the medical effect of Chinese Medical Stone which is a kind of Mineral Medicine of mines in China on gastric ulcer in rats.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the Chinese Medical Stone on the prevention and treatment of experimental gastrointestinal disease,especially gastric ulcer.
文摘Objective:Compared to Chinese herbal piecesherbal pieces,the quality of TCM granule is stable and controllable,it is also a convenient alternative to decocting herbs.However,whether they are as clinically effective as Chinese herbal piecesherbal pieces is still controversial.In this study,a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to assess the clinical efficacy of TCM granules and Chinese herbal piecesherbal pieces.Methods:A search of online databases for eligible articles was performed,including PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Internet,WanFang,and Chongqing VIP Information,searching from the inception of these databases to 2020.The Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0 was used to independently identify the trials,extract data,and assess the risk of bias.The meta-analysis was performed via RevMan 5.3 software.Results:A total of 98 eligible articles were included.After classification and statistical analysis of the related diseases,a meta-analysis was performed on 8 types of illnesses(cold,hypertension,migraine,osteoporosis,and diseases of the digestive system,such as gastritis,gastric ulcer,colitis,epigastric pain)included in 66 randomized controlled trials to compare the clinical efficacy and adverse events of TCM granules and Chinese herbal pieces.Meta-analysis showed that compared with Chinese herbal piecesherbal pieces,TCM granules had similar effectiveness and safety in treating cold,hypertension,and osteoporosis,but a higher response rate in migraines and a better effect in reducing migraine duration and higher response rate on diseases of the digestive system.Conclusion:Compared with the traditional decoctions,TCM formula granules had the same efficacy and safety,moreover,they had higher efficacy and safety in treating migraines and digestive system diseases.
基金Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate(NO.QL20220061)Changsha Central Hospital(NO.YNKY202306)+1 种基金Changsha Natural Science Foundation(NO.kq2208445)Changsha Bureau of Science and Technology(NO.kzd21084)
文摘Deep learning has made tremendous progress in diagnosis assistance and prognosis prediction along with the accumulation of abundant medical data and the improvement of computer algorithms.Many studies have focused on applying deep learning to diseases of the lower gastrointestinal tract.Studies on deep learning and digestive system diseases mainly focus on cancer and inflammatory diseases,while few studies focus on other diseases.In order to better understand the emerging interdisciplinary,this paper reviews the ways in which deep learning may help doctors make a diagnosis or establish a prognosis,revealing that further randomized controlled studies and deeper cooperation between artificial intelligence engineers and doctors will be required.
