Hierarchical clustering algorithms, such as Pearson＇s correlation, Euclidean distance, Euclidean distance harmonic, Spearman rank correlation, Kendall＇s tau, and City-block distance, were used to find the best way t...Hierarchical clustering algorithms, such as Pearson＇s correlation, Euclidean distance, Euclidean distance harmonic, Spearman rank correlation, Kendall＇s tau, and City-block distance, were used to find the best way to establish theoretical MAPK/Erk signaling pathway on the basis of breast cancer line MCF-7 gene expressions. The algorithm constructs a hierarchy from top to bottom on the basis of a self-organizing tree. It dynamically finds the number of clusters at each level. It was found that only Euclidean distance harmonic is fit for the analysis of the cascade composed from a RAF1 （c-Raf）, a MKNK1, a MAPKK （MEK1/2） to MAPK （Erk） in breast cancer line MCF-7. The result is consistent with the biological experimental MAP/Erk signaling pathway, and the theoretical MAPK/Erk signaling pathway on breast cancer line MCF-7 is set up.展开更多
Plants face a constantly changing environment,requiring fine tuning of their growth and development.Plants have therefore developed numerous mechanisms to cope with environmental stress conditions.One striking exam-pl...Plants face a constantly changing environment,requiring fine tuning of their growth and development.Plants have therefore developed numerous mechanisms to cope with environmental stress conditions.One striking exam-ple is root response to water deficit.Upon drought(which causes osmotic stress to cells),plants can among other responses alter locally their root system architecture(hydropatterning)or orientate their root growth to optimize water uptake(hydrotropism).They can also modify their hydraulic properties,metabolism and development coordi-nately at the whole root and plant levels.Upstream of these developmental and physiological changes,plant roots must perceive and transduce signals for water availability.Here,we review current knowledge on plant osmotic per-ception and discuss how long distance signaling can play a role in signal integration,leading to the great phenotypic plasticity of roots and plant development.展开更多
文摘Hierarchical clustering algorithms, such as Pearson＇s correlation, Euclidean distance, Euclidean distance harmonic, Spearman rank correlation, Kendall＇s tau, and City-block distance, were used to find the best way to establish theoretical MAPK/Erk signaling pathway on the basis of breast cancer line MCF-7 gene expressions. The algorithm constructs a hierarchy from top to bottom on the basis of a self-organizing tree. It dynamically finds the number of clusters at each level. It was found that only Euclidean distance harmonic is fit for the analysis of the cascade composed from a RAF1 （c-Raf）, a MKNK1, a MAPKK （MEK1/2） to MAPK （Erk） in breast cancer line MCF-7. The result is consistent with the biological experimental MAP/Erk signaling pathway, and the theoretical MAPK/Erk signaling pathway on breast cancer line MCF-7 is set up.
基金supported in part by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche(ANR-19-CE20-0008-01)the European Research Council(ERC)under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme(Grant Agreement ERC-2017-ADG-788553).
文摘Plants face a constantly changing environment,requiring fine tuning of their growth and development.Plants have therefore developed numerous mechanisms to cope with environmental stress conditions.One striking exam-ple is root response to water deficit.Upon drought(which causes osmotic stress to cells),plants can among other responses alter locally their root system architecture(hydropatterning)or orientate their root growth to optimize water uptake(hydrotropism).They can also modify their hydraulic properties,metabolism and development coordi-nately at the whole root and plant levels.Upstream of these developmental and physiological changes,plant roots must perceive and transduce signals for water availability.Here,we review current knowledge on plant osmotic per-ception and discuss how long distance signaling can play a role in signal integration,leading to the great phenotypic plasticity of roots and plant development.
