Hormesis has emerged as a more common and fundamental dose-response model than the threshold or linear-no-threshold(LNT) models

在回顾传统的有阈和线性无阈的剂量-反应关系的基础上,分析此类该模型被毒理学领域认同的主要原因和其在预测低剂量效应中的缺陷,进而提出了高剂量接触呈现抑制效应,而低剂量却呈现促进或刺激作用这一全面的激效兴奋性剂量-反应关系,弥补了现有模型的不足,并充分论证这种激效性剂量-反应关系在不同种属、接触因素和生物学终点中的普遍性,并探讨了不同物质的激效兴奋作用的可能机制以及激效兴奋模型的三大优点,最后提出了激效模型谋求广泛接受的现实困难和发展趋势。

Constitutive relationship of ionic polymer-metal composite and static response character of its cantilever setup to voltage

As a new ionic polymer-metal composite(IPMC) for artificial muscle,the mechanical performance parameters and the relationship between the deformation and the electrical parameters of the IPMC were studied. With the digital speckle correlation method,the constitutive relationship of the IPMC was confirmed. With non-contact photography measurement,a cantilever setup was designed to confirm the relationship between the deformation of the IPMC film and the applied voltage. The relationship curve of tip displacement of the IPMC cantilever setup vs the voltage was achieved. The results indicate that the IPMC is isotropic,its elastic modulus is 232 MPa and Poisson ratio is 0.163. The curve achieved from the test of the tip displacement of the IPMC cantilever setup shows that the tip displacement reaches the maximum when the stimulated voltage is 5 V. And the tip displacement descends largely when the frequency of the applied voltage is between 30 mHz and 100 mHz.

Sequence Thickness and its Response to Episodic Tectonic Evolution in Paleogene Qikou Sag, Bohaiwan Basin

The sequence stratigraphy framework of Paleogene of Qikou Sag has been built in this paper. The evolution law of episodic subsidence in Qikou Sag has been expounded, with the analysis of the characteristic of sequence thickness, as well as the study of consedimental tectonic activity, subsidence history, paleogeomorphology and the coupling relationship among them. The faults controlling action was the dominant mechanism during rifting stage I , as the depression was the dominant mechanism during rifting stage III, which embodies a process from intense disparity fault depression to integral subsidence. Meanwhile, under the control of regional faulting and later stage depression, subsidence rate centers and paleogeomorphic concave centers are always corresponding to the sequence thickness centers, and the changes of subsidence centers and paleogeomorphology concave centers are consistent with the migration of thickness centers, which presents the restriction, coupling and response among them and clarifies the law that tectonic activity controls the basin fill by means of controlling the subsidence rate and paleogeomorphology from contributing factor angle. On this basis, the dynamic evolution of the composite pattern of structure-subsidence-deposition in the fault controlling actic region during the three rifting stages and their petroleum geological significance has been discussed.

Stochastic response of an axially moving viscoelastic beam with fractional order constitutive relation and random excitations

A convenient and universal residue calculus method is proposed to study the stochastic response behaviors of an axially moving viscoelastic beam with random noise excitations and fractional order constitutive relationship, where the random excitation can be decomposed as a nonstationary stochastic process, Mittag-Leffler internal noise, and external stationary noise excitation. Then, based on the Laplace transform approach, we derived the mean value function, variance function and covariance function through the Green＇s function technique and the residue calculus method, and obtained theoretical results. In some special case of fractional order derivative α , the Monte Carlo approach and error function results were applied to check the effectiveness of the analytical results, and good agreement was found. Finally in a general-purpose case, we also confirmed the analytical conclusion via the direct Monte Carlo simulation.

Morphological Characteristics of Cambodia Mekong Delta and Tonle Sap Lake and Its Response to River-Lake Water Exchange Pattern

Tonle Sap Lake is the largest river-connected lake, buffer area and ecological zone of Mekong River, which plays a huge role in dispelling flood peak and compensating water, and the conservation of biological diversity. The river-lake relationship between Mekong River and Tonle Sap Lake is unique and has always been a major focus in the international community. The land terrain and under-water topography were used to analyze the morphological characteristics of Cambodia Mekong Delta and Tonle Sap Lake. Long series of hydrological data of river-lake controlling stations were used to analyze the water level variation characteristics and water volume exchange pattern between Mekong River and Tonle Sap Lake, and the response relationship to river-lake morphological characteristics were also researched. The results show that: Cambodia Mekong Delta and Tonle Sap Lake Area is low-lying and flat with gentle channel gradient and water surface gradient, making the relationship between water level and area (or volume) smooth. The channel storage capacity of Mekong River and Tonle Sap River is not enough compared to the inflow, so vast flooding plain is extremely prone to be inundated, making the flood relationships between the left and right banks become very complicated. Tonle Sap Lake is a seasonal freshwater lake with water flowing in and flowing out, and the timing and intensity of water exchange with Mekong River are closely related to the water flow resistance at the exit section of Tonle Sap Lake and the cross-sectional area of Tonle Sap River, which can be reflected by the river-lake water level difference and the water level of Tonle Sap River. Affected by the river-lake morphological characteristics, the water exchange intensity between Mekong River and Tonle Sap Lake is great. Tonle Sap Lake not only stores 14.4% of flood volume (39.7 billion m3) from the Mekong River every year, but also supplies 29.7% of dry water (69.4 billion m3) to the Mekong River. Influenced by the adjustment of the floodplain, the water level fluctuation of Mekong River and Tonle Sap Lake is slow, and the rising and droop rates of water level are positively correlated with the floodplain storage area. The research results will help to understand the relationship mechanism between Mekong River and Tonle Sap Lake and provide a scientific basis for the comprehensive governance of Cambodia Mekong Delta and Tonle Sap Lake Area.

Enterprise innovation, corporate social responsibility and their interactive relationship: A review

Under the new normal economic growth, lack of motivation, structural imbalances in the economy, the shortage of resources, resource utilization inefficiency, environmental damage and other issues have become increasingly prominent, enterprises as the carrier of economy is one of the root of the problem. Research on enterprise innovation and corporate social responsibility issues, it is conducive to the development of enterprise itself and the transformation of Chinese economy. This paper reviewed the research status of relationships between innovation and corporate social responsibility, through comb the aspects of the definitions and evolution of enterprise innovation and social responsibility, also include both the relationship and the new way(responsible innovation) of combination of them, we found the presence of index system is not perfect, and lack of in-depth comprehensive study and opportunities for future research is prospected.

A review of the health effects and exposure-responsible relationship of diesel particulate matter for underground mines

The increasing use of diesel-powered equipment in confined spaces(underground mines) has the potential to over expose underground miners under the threat of diesel particulate matter(DPM). Miners in underground mines can be exposed to DPM concentrations far more than works in other industries. A great number of animal and epidemiological studies have shown that both short-term and long-term DPM exposure have adverse health effect. Based on reviews of related studies, especially some recent evidence, this paper investigated the long and short-term health effects based on animal studies and epidemiological studies. The exposure-response relationship studies were also explored and compared to the current DPM regulation or standards in some countries. This paper found that the DPM health effect studies specifically for miners are not sufficient to draw solid conclusions, and a recommendation limit of DPM concentration can be put in place for better protection of miners from DPM health risk. Current animal studies lack the use of species that have similar lung functions as human for understanding the cancer mode of action in human. And finally, the DPM health hazard will continue to be a challenging topic before the mode of action and reliable exposure-response relationship are established.

Interaction Relationship Between Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Performance:Evidence from 201 Chinese Listed Companies and Preliminary Study of Its Underlying Mechanism

Corporations actively fulfilling corporate social responsibility(CSR)is of more significance to society's sustainable development nowadays.This research discusses the interaction between CSR and corporate performance and then adopts other mediation variables to explain the underlying mechanism.The empirical analyses are performed on a sample of 201 listed Chinese firms.The result shows that CSR has a weak negative impact on corporate perfbnnance while being positively influenced by corporate performance significantly.Further study finds the reason may be CSR requires financial support,but has little to do with increasing shareholder wealth.

Local Anomalies of the Load-Unload Response of the Geomagnetic Field to Solar Wind and Earthquakes in Southwest China

Many earthquakes occurred during the period 1994 -1996 in Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces, Southwest China. Taking the process of the initial main phase recovery phase of the magnetic storm as the process of load-unload response of the geomagnetic field to the solar wind, we have estimated and analyzed the distribution in time and space of the load-unload response ratio P(z) of the storm time disturbance daily variation of the vertical component Z of the geomagnetic field at ten stations in Southwest China. We found that the area with high ratio P(z) was just the area where moderately strong earthquakes would occur from 44 days to 15 months later. The relationship between the high ratio P(z) and weather disasters in both seismic and non-seismic areas is discussed briefly.

DOSE RESPONSE CURVE OF ^（60）Co FOR PREMATURE CONDENSED CHROMOSOME FRAGMENTS OF HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES

ＤＯＳＥ ＲＥＳＰＯＮＳＥ ＣＵＲＶＥ ＯＦ ^（６０）Ｃｏ ＦＯＲ ＰＲＥＭＡＴＵＲＥ ＣＯＮＤＥＮＳＥＤ ＣＨＲＯＭＯＳＯＭＥ ＦＲＡＧＭＥＮＴＳ ＯＦ ＨＵＭＡＮ ＬＹＭＰＨＯＣＹＴＥＳＧａｏＪｉｎｓｈｅｎｇ（高锦声）；ＺｈｅｎｇＳｌｙｉｎｇ（?..

Wavelet-Based Response Computation for Base-Isolated Structure under Seismic Excitation

This paper presents a wavelet-based approach for estimating the response of the base-isolated structure under seismic ground motions. The seismic ground motion record is expressed as the multi-scale wavelet coefficients which presents the time frequency characteristics of the seismic excitation. The wavelet domain governing differential equation between the wavelet coefficients of the excitation and response is derived. Numerical study on a one-storey base isolated structure is performed. The result shows that the wavelet based response computation method is of high precision.

浮动基多机悬吊系统动力耦合响应分析

为了研究浮动基多机悬吊系统在不规则波作用下的动力耦合关系,首先利用动量定理和动量矩定理建立了浮动基机器人动力学模型,其次利用达朗贝尔原理建立了悬吊系统的动力学模型,并提出了系统动力学的耦合关系分析步骤;最后结合实例,仿真分析了浮动基多机器人协调悬吊系统在不同波高、不同波长比和不同起吊速度下动力耦合响应过程。结果表明,该系统的理论研究进行了补充和完善,同时也为浮动基多机悬吊系统在实际的吊运过程中,判断安全的吊运环境提供技术支撑。

供应商企业社会责任信息披露与客户稳定性

稳定的供应链关系对于经济安全平稳运行以及高质量发展意义重大,本文基于供应链关系视角考察了供应商的企业社会责任信息披露对客户稳定性的影响及其作用机理。实证结果发现:供应商企业社会责任信息披露质量与客户稳定性显著正相关,并且该影响在自愿性披露和民营企业样本中更加明显。机制检验表明,供应商企业社会责任信息披露主要通过提升信息透明度及改善公司治理来增强客户稳定性。本文将企业社会责任信息披露的经济后果拓展至供应链关系上,研究结论对供应商企业如何维护客户稳定性促进企业高质量发展具有一定启示意义。

感知父母婚姻冲突、亲子关系与青少年心理危机的关系:认知灵活性的中介作用

本研究采用多项式回归和响应面分析技术综合考察感知父母婚姻冲突、亲子关系与青少年心理危机的关系,及认知灵活性在其间的中介作用。结果显示:(1)感知父母婚姻冲突和亲子关系的综合作用可以显著预测青少年的抑郁和非自杀性自伤行为。(2)当感知父母婚姻冲突和亲子关系一致时,相较低亲子关系−高感知父母婚姻冲突,高亲子关系−低感知父母婚姻冲突的个体具有更高的认知灵活性,进而降低了抑郁和非自杀性自伤行为的发生风险。(3)当感知父母婚姻冲突和亲子关系不一致时,相较低亲子关系−低感知父母婚姻冲突,高亲子关系−高感知父母婚姻冲突的个体具有更低的认知灵活性,从而增加了抑郁和非自杀性自伤行为的发生风险。

环境行政处罚对象在租赁关系中的确认

在环境行政执法实践中,处罚对象适格是行政处罚成立与否的重要前提。然而,由租赁关系引起责任主体的变化,致使行政机关在认定环境行政处罚对象时陷入困境。损害担责原则是我国环境法的基本原则,它由污染者负担原则演变而来,其责任范围涵盖环境民事、行政和刑事领域。行政执法机关以损害担责原则来确认环境行政处罚对象,符合违法行为人承担行政责任的一般原则。在租赁关系中,当事人约定环境责任的条款有效,但不能改变行政公法责任的承担主体,行政执法机关确认环境行政处罚对象应遵循:对履行环保义务存在有效约定的,由协议约定的一方或第三方履行,但是,确认环境行政处罚对象应以实际违法行为人为准,并坚持损害担责原则和处罚法定原则的路径。此外,基于环境行政法律规范的特别规定,在执法实践中还需要区分污染/破坏环境类违法行为、环境管理制度类违法行为,并结合租赁标的对被处罚对象的确认进行类型化分析。

安全保障义务的解释论展开

围绕《民法典》第1198条,安全保障义务的适用在主体范围、内容标准、因果关系、补充责任四个方面尚未被完全厘清。立基于本土视野,应结合司法实践积累的裁判智识形塑安全保障义务的解释论框架。具体而言,若单纯站在第1198条的立场会得出安全保障义务主体射程狭窄的结论,正确的路径是在《民法典》第1198条与第1165条第1款的互动关系中对安全保障义务的主体范围加以延展。安全保障义务的内容标准因为概念的抽象性形成法内漏洞,依托本土裁判资源可以提炼出社会危险本身的严重性、对社会危险的控制能力、社会活动的营利性、义务相对人特别保护的必要性、安保措施的经济成本五方面的规范要素,该等要素可以向法官提供论证安全保障义务的指导性观点。在未尽安全保障义务的因果认定上,出于规范目的的考虑应该放宽评价标准,原则上只要不能排除安全保障措施降低致害的可能性就应肯定因果关系的存在。至于补充责任的适用条件,理论界与司法实务在原因力与第三人主观样态之间存在明显的相左,站在司法实践的立场,未尽安全保障义务仅仅作为次要原因间接参与致害时才使得安保义务人享有责任承担的顺位利益,否则就应该采取按份责任。

社会治理数字化的主体伦理冲突与调适

社会治理数字化是治理主体运用数字技术对社会治理进行结构重塑与流程再造的新型治理形态。在社会治理数字化进程中,只有多元治理主体之间形成地位平等、能力提升、责任明晰、情感融洽的伦理关系,才能把数字技术的工具理性与治理主体的价值理性有机融合并激发出来,提升社会治理的效能。在现实中,技术的负面效应、主体的不完善和社会适应性的滞后,造成了治理主体之间数据垄断与地位平等、技术依赖与能力提升、机械逻辑与情感融洽、责任模糊与责任明晰的伦理冲突。调适治理主体之间的伦理冲突需要构建“权力-能力-关系-制度”的四维协同体系,即通过平衡治理主体之间的数字权力、均衡治理主体之间的数字能力、重构治理主体之间的数字关系、完善治理主体之间的数字规范,再造数字治理主体之间的伦理关系,推动社会治理的现代化发展。

步行如何影响老年女性衰弱状态:步数还是步行强度?

目的探究步数、步行强度以及有氧步数与老年女性衰弱间的剂量-效应关系。方法采用ActiGraph三轴加速度计测量1099名60~70岁老年女性每日步数、步行强度(峰值1 min步数和峰值30 min步数)及有氧步数(以≥60步/min的步频连续行走≥10 min的步数)。根据衰弱表型评估老年女性衰弱状态,使用Logistic回归和限制性立方样条曲线分析步数、步行强度及有氧步数与衰弱的关联。结果控制混杂因素后,步行强度与老年女性衰弱前期显著相关,有氧步数与衰弱存在非线性关系。随着有氧步数的增加,衰弱患病率逐渐下降,当有氧步数达到4000步时,下降幅度趋于平缓。结论有氧步数而非总步数与衰弱间存在剂量-效应关系,每日有氧步数达到约4000步时,可能对老年女性衰弱的改善效果最佳。

民营企业社会责任与融资约束——基于投资者关系管理的调节效应

融资约束是民营企业在经营和发展过程中面临的一个难题。严重的融资约束不仅会制约民营企业自身的长远发展,还会对我国经济的进一步转型升级造成不利影响。以2010—2019年沪深两市1080家A股民营上市公司为样本,研究了企业社会责任与融资约束之间的关系、投资者关系管理与融资约束之间的关系、投资者关系管理对企业社会责任与融资约束之间关系的调节作用。结果表明,企业积极主动履行社会责任能够有效缓解融资约束;企业加强投资者关系管理也能够有效缓解融资约束;且投资者关系管理对企业履行社会责任以缓解融资约束这一过程具有调节作用。