Analysis of Developmental Proteome at Egg Stage of Drone Honeybees (A. m. ligustica)

An investigation on the proteome of drone egg development of native Italian bee （Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola,1806） was carried out in order to prove up the characteristics in protein expression and regulation at egg stage and open out the molecular mechanism of the development. The experiment was carried out by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The results showed that there were 200, 242 and 233 proteins in a wide rang of molecular weight （12.42-169.60 kDa） and in a relatively narrow scope of pI （4.50-9.00） detected on day 1, day 2 and day 3, respectively, during the developmental process of the drone egg. Meanwhile, 164 protein spots were resolved at all the images （i.e., the protein was consistently expressed） along with the egg development, among which 7 were significantly up-expressed （P 〈 0.05） and 4 were significantly down-expressed （P 〈 0.05） while 79 had no significant differences （P 〉 0.05）. In addition, the specific proteins expressing proteins on day 1, day 2 and day 3 were 11, 18 and 18, respectively. Besides, 17 proteins expressed both on day 1 and day 2 but silenced on day 3, and 43 proteins expressed both on day 2 and day 3 but silenced on day 1, while only 8 proteins expressed both on day 1 and day 3 but silenced on day 2. The results indicate that 2-d-old eggs are at the most active expressional stage in the development of drone egg. The protein expressing at all images suggests that it should be indispensable for drone egg development, but their expression pattern is different. The proteins expressing at a specific age of egg suggest that specific proteins are needed in different developmental stages to regulate. And there are more house-keeping proteins in the developmental process of the drone egg than that of worker egg, and it will provide more targets for gene improvement.

王浆高产蜜蜂和原种意大利蜜蜂雄蜂卵期发育蛋白质组分析

【目的】比较王浆高产蜜蜂（Apis mellifera L.，浆蜂）与原种意大利蜜蜂（Apis mellifera L.原意）雄蜂卵期3d发育阶段蛋白质组的特点。【方法】根据双向电泳所得表达谱，对两个蜂种雄蜂卵期发育的蛋白质的种类、等电点、分子量和表达量进行分析。【结果】浆蜂雄蜂卵期所表达的蛋白数（332、377和339）显著的高于相应日龄原意雄蜂卵期3个日龄所表达的蛋白数（283、305和293）（P〈0．05），其中在两蜂种3个日龄共同表达的蛋白数为254个。通过雄蜂卵期3d发育过程蛋白质表达谱的比较，两个蜂种分别检测到274、298和285个共有蛋白。在这些共有蛋白中，浆蜂雄蜂分别有54、42和47个蛋白的表达量显著高于（P〈0．05）原意，18、75和61个蛋白显著低于（P〈0．05）原意。同时，浆蜂还检测到58、79和54个特异蛋白，而原种意大利蜜蜂也分别检测到9、7、8个特异蛋白。【结论】浆蜂和原意雄蜂卵期发育的蛋白质组表达谱存在显著差异，但都在2日龄蛋白表达最活跃；两个蜂种雄蜂卵期发育所表达的共有蛋白可能是其发育所必须的管家蛋白，但它们的表达模式存在较大差异，不同日龄的特异蛋白表明雄蜂卵在不同的发育阶段需要不同的蛋白来调控；浆蜂和原意雄蜂卵期表达的特异蛋白是否是与王浆高产相关的功能蛋白，有待进一步的研究。

意大利蜜蜂(A.m.ligustica)雄蜂卵期发育蛋白质组分析

【目的】对原种意大利蜜蜂(Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola,1806)(意蜂)雄蜂的3d卵期发育进行蛋白质组研究,以探明该蜂种雄蜂卵期蛋白质表达调控方面的一些特点,从而揭示其发育的分子机理。【方法】采用双向电泳法对意蜂雄蜂卵期蛋白质组进行研究。【结果】3d的卵期发育中,按顺序分别检测到200、242、233个蛋白,这些蛋白的分子量在12.42～169.60kD,等电点为4.50～9.00。164个蛋白在3d卵期发育过程中均有表达,其中79个蛋白在3个日龄的表达量无显著差异(P>0.05),7个共有蛋白表达量随卵期发育呈显著上调(P<0.05)趋势,而4个共有蛋白呈显著下调(P<0.05)趋势。同时卵期3d分别有11、18和18个特异的蛋白表达。除共有及特有蛋白外,还有17个蛋白在第1日龄和第2日龄表达而在第3日龄关闭;43个蛋白在第2日龄和第3日龄表达而在第1日龄关闭;仅有8个蛋白在第2日龄关闭,而在第1日龄和第3日龄表达。【结论】结果初步表明意蜂雄蜂卵期发育过程中第2日龄蛋白表达最为活跃;卵期3d所表达的共有蛋白,可能是调控意蜂雄蜂卵期发育所必需的保守蛋白,这些蛋白的表达模式存在一定的差异;不同日龄表达的特异性蛋白,表明不同发育阶段的卵需要不同的特异性蛋白来调控。同时也表明雄蜂卵期发育较工蜂卵表达的保守蛋白更多,这将给蜜蜂的基因改良带来便利。