Helicobacter is preserved in yeast vacuoles! Does Koch's postulates confirm it?

The manuscript titled "Vacuoles of Candida yeast behave as a specialized niche for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)" not only has not been prepared in a scientific manner but the methodology used was not adequate, and therefore the conclusion reached was not correct. First of all, "yeast" is a broad terminology covering a great number of genera and species of unicellular micro-organisms. The authors should have defined the organism with its binary scientific name. This measure would allow experiment reproduction by the scientific community. Moreover, the criteria established by Robert Koch to identify a specific microorganism or pathogen was not adopted in the methodology used. Regarding the methodology applied, use of the chicken eggyolk(Ig Y) antibody and PCR of the apparently tainted yeast population to prove H. pylori existence in the yeast vacuoles might be main factors for their wrong conclusions. Bacterial tropism toward yeast extract is a known phenomenon, and yeast extract is one of the main ingredients in culture media. Their internalization through phagocytosis or similar pathways does not seem possible or practical because of the thick and cellulosic yeast wall. While the small size of yeast cells does not support their ability in harboring several H. pylori, other observations such as inefficiency of antifungal therapy as anti-Helicobacter therapy strongly reject the conclusion reached by the above-mentioned article.

Schrödinger’s Cat Paradox Resolution Using GRW Collapse Model: Von Neumann Measurement Postulate Revisited

In his famous thought experiment, Schr?dinger (1935) imagined a cat that measures the value of a quantum mechanical observable with its life. Since Schr?dinger’s time, no any interpretations or modifications of quantum mechanics have been proposed which give clear unambiguous answers to the questions posed by Schr?dinger’s cat of how long superpositions last and when (or whether) they collapse? In this paper appropriate modification of quantum mechanics is proposed. We claim that canonical interpretation of the wave function is correct only when the supports of the wave functions and essentially overlap. When the wave functions and have separated supports (as in the case of the experiment that we are considering in this paper) we claim that canonical interpretation of the wave function is no longer valid for a such cat state. Possible solution of the Schr?dinger’s cat paradox is considered. We pointed out that the collapsed state of the cat always shows definite and predictable outcomes even if cat also consists of a superposition: .

The Proofs of Legendre’s Conjecture and Three Related Conjectures

In this paper, we prove Legendre’s conjecture: There is a prime number between n2 and (n +1)2 for every positive integer n. We also prove three related conjectures. The method that we use is to analyze binomial coefficients. It is developed by the author from the method of analyzing binomial central coefficients, that was used by Paul Erdős in his proof of Bertrand’s postulate - Chebyshev’s theorem.

“四史”融入高校思政课的德鲁克之问及其全流程优化研究

应然目标和实然效果之间长期难以消弭的巨大落差所构成的“特殊矛盾性问题”,使得高校思政课改革具有了明显的可拓性特征;而广泛涉及马克思主义理论、教育学、历史学、心理学等多学科范畴,则又规定了其跨学科性。在IDS理论看来,学科交叉融合和学科视角变换常会产生意想不到的突破性创新。因此,将鲜活的“四史”融入高校思政课不仅有利于增添内容丰富性、教学趣味性,也有利于增加历史厚重感和学生获得感,提升教育教学效果,也是马克思主义中国化、时代化、青年化的重要举措。然而,诸如生硬嵌入、半合移植,以及理念不够先进、边界不太清晰、内容时有重叠、途径比较单一、评价不尽科学等一系列问题表明,碎片化的改革难以达到有效对治。这给教育改革的战略—战术之间带来了无形的张力,同时也引发“德鲁克式”的经典追问,迫切要求从理念、内容、途径到评价等环节进行全流程整合优化予以应答,以避免“融而不入”“入而不深”“深而不化”,从理论自觉和实践自觉两方面协同发力,不断推进“四史”融入高校思政课的集成性改革走深走实走细。

岩土材料不符合Drucker公设的一个证明

Drucker公设是塑性力学中正交流动法则的基础,但岩土材料的很多试验表明是不符合Drucker公设的,认为非正交流动法则更符合试验结果,而非正交流动法则一直缺乏理论基础。通过一个简单摩擦体的应力循环做功过程,证明了Drucker塑性公设是不适用于岩土等摩擦类材料的,因而Drucker公设并不是必须要遵守的公理,摩擦类材料并不受Drucker公设的限制,因而应力空间的正交流动法则并不适用于岩土等摩擦类材料,而非正交流动法则是可用的。同时,以应变作为状态变量的伊留申公设则具有较大的适用范围。

用Drucker公设导出两个经典屈服准则

从Drucker公设所得的正交流动法则出发,利用塑性体应变增量、等效塑性应变增量这两个塑性指标的特性,对金属材料假定塑性体应变增量为零,并且假设材料屈服时等效塑性应变增量与应力状态无关,通过严密的数学推导,导出了Mises准则,并进而在不考虑第二主应力的条件下,应用塑性功的性质导出了Tresca准则.

基于Drucker公设的双剪准则理论推导

基于Drucker公设,利用塑性体应变增量、等效塑性应变增量等塑性指标,假定金属材料的塑性体应变增量为零,设材料屈服时的dεp与应力状态无关,通过严密的数学导出双剪准则,并在数学上解释双剪准则.

Drucker公设下的凸规划问题

在材料服从Drucker公设下 ,将弹塑性边值问题的等价泛函表达式 ,化为一个具有线性和凸性性质的凸规划问题 .文中还严格证明了这一问题解的存在性及有限元解的收敛性 .

Drucker公设与弹塑性耦合问题

本文从 Drucker 公设出发,建立了弹塑性耦合情况下的广义正交法则,讨论了屈服面的凸凹性及弹塑性耦台情况下的加载准则。文中还对 Drucker 公设与Ilyushin 公设之间的联系及 Drucker 公设的适用范围进行了讨论。

从杜拉克创新观看Wüsthof刀具平面广告的创意手法

比较了管理学大师杜拉克的创新观与德国厨刀品牌Wüsthof系列平面广告的创意手法,阐述了杜拉克创新观的涵义,论述了平面广告的理性式夸张与幻想式夸张两种创意方法,进而分析了厨刀品牌Wüsthof系列平面广告的"理性+幻想"式夸张手法,以及这种方法为中国平面广告创意带来的启示。

论Martin公设与Drucker公设的等价性

本文讨论了Martin公设与Drucker公设之间的联系。对于弹塑性耦合情形,证明了Martin公设与Drucker公设的等价性。

Neofusicoccum parvum causing canker of seedlings of Juglans regia in China

Cankered, dying seedlings of Juglans regia were observed in Shaanxi province in the northwest region of China. Neofusicoccum parvum was isolated from these cankered tissues, with the identification based on mor- phology and an ITS-nrDNA sequence. In order to demonstrate how cultures of N. parvum could cause the expected symptoms, artificial infection, using these isolates and re-isolation of the pathogen, was used. This is the first report on this taxon as a walnut canker pathogen in China.

Hyperbolic Fibonacci and Lucas Functions, “Golden” Fibonacci Goniometry, Bodnar’s Geometry, and Hilbert’s Fourth Problem—Part III. An Original Solution of Hilbert’s Fourth Problem

This article refers to the “Mathematics of Harmony” by Alexey Stakhov [1], a new interdisciplinary direction of modern science. The main goal of the article is to describe two modern scientific discoveries—New Geometric Theory of Phyl-lotaxis (Bodnar’s Geometry) and Hilbert’s Fourth Problem based on the Hyperbolic Fibonacci and Lucas Functions and “Golden” Fibonacci -Goniometry ( is a given positive real number). Although these discoveries refer to different areas of science (mathematics and theoretical botany), however they are based on one and the same scien-tific ideas—The “golden mean,” which had been introduced by Euclid in his Elements, and its generalization—The “metallic means,” which have been studied recently by Argentinian mathematician Vera Spinadel. The article is a confirmation of interdisciplinary character of the “Mathematics of Harmony”, which originates from Euclid’s Elements.

Hyperbolic Fibonacci and Lucas Functions, “Golden” Fibonacci Goniometry, Bodnar’s Geometry, and Hilbert’s Fourth Problem—Part II. A New Geometric Theory of Phyllotaxis (Bodnar’s Geometry)

This article refers to the “Mathematics of Harmony” by Alexey Stakhov in 2009, a new interdisciplinary direction of modern science. The main goal of the article is to describe two modern scientific discoveries–New Geometric Theory of Phyllotaxis (Bodnar’s Geometry) and Hilbert’s Fourth Problem based on the Hyperbolic Fibonacci and Lucas Functions and “Golden” Fibonacci λ-Goniometry (λ > 0 is a given positive real number). Although these discoveries refer to different areas of science (mathematics and theoretical botany), however they are based on one and the same scientific ideas-the “golden mean,” which had been introduced by Euclid in his Elements, and its generalization—the “metallic means,” which have been studied recently by Argentinian mathematician Vera Spinadel. The article is a confirmation of interdisciplinary character of the “Mathematics of Harmony”, which originates from Euclid’s Elements.

Hyperbolic Fibonacci and Lucas Functions, “Golden” Fibonacci Goniometry, Bodnar’s Geometry, and Hilbert’s——Part I. Hyperbolic Fibonacci and Lucas Functions and “Golden” Fibonacci Goniometry

This article refers to the “Mathematics of Harmony” by Alexey Stakhov in 2009, a new interdisciplinary direction of modern science. The main goal of the article is to describe two modern scientific discove-ries—New Geometric Theory of Phyllotaxis (Bodnar’s Geometry) and Hilbert’s Fourth Problem based on the Hyperbolic Fibonacci and Lucas Functions and “Golden” Fibonacci λ-Goniometry ( λ > 0 is a given positive real number). Although these discoveries refer to different areas of science (mathematics and theoretical botany), however they are based on one and the same scientific ideas—the “golden mean”, which had been introduced by Euclid in his Elements, and its generalization—the “metallic means”, which have been studied recently by Argentinian mathematician Vera Spinadel. The article is a confirmation of interdisciplinary character of the “Mathematics of Harmony”, which originates from Euclid’s Elements.

Alternate paradigms on Zika virus-related complications:An analytical review

The proportion of the reported cases of Zika virus(ZIKV) infection reached the status of a pandemic. Numerous studies are being conducted on the isolation of ZIKV strains from various epidemics, diagnosis of the infections, various animal models and cell culture designs to study the pathogenesis of ZIKV in the attempts to find an effective ZIKV vaccine. This review focuses upon the 'Off-Spectrum' body of studies which analyses the epidemiology, pathogenesis and other attributes of ZIKV in the light of various dissident hypotheses.

Morphological and Phylogenetic Resolution of Diplodia neojuniperi Emerging Diplodia Top Dieback of Pinus thunbergii Parl. in China

In Bazhong City,Sichuan Province,China,top dieback symptoms were found on many pine trees(Pinus thunbergii Parl).The tips of old needles first turned grayish-green and then developed into brown bands in the field.Phylogenetic analysis of concatenated ITS and EF1-αindicated the pathogen of this dieback disease as Diplodia neojuniperi.Additionally,effects of temperature,pH and medium on the mycelial growth were also characterized.The most favorable temperature and pH level for mycelial growth are 25°C and 8,respectively.The optimal medium for mycelial growth is PDA medium.To our knowledge,this is the first report of D.neojuniperi causes Diplodia top dieback on Pinus thunbergii.Our results provide fundamental information for monitoring and preventing such disease in the future.

Aspergillus tubingensis Causes Leaf Spot of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in Pakistan

Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)is a key fiber crop of great commercial importance.Numerous phytopathogens decimate crop production by causing various diseases.During July-August 2018,leaf spot symptoms were recurrently observed on cotton leaves in Rahim Yar Khan,Pakistan and adjacent areas.Infected leaf samples were collected and plated on potato dextrose agar(PDA)media.Causal agent of cotton leaf spot was isolated,characterized and identified as Aspergillus tubingensis based on morphological and microscopic observations.Conclusive identification of pathogen was done on the comparative molecular analysis of CaM andβ-tubulin gene sequences.BLAST analysis of both sequenced genes showed 99%similarity with A.tubingensis.Koch’s postulates were followed to confirm the pathogenicity of the isolated fungus.Healthy plants were inoculated with fungus and similar disease symptoms were observed.Fungus was re-isolated and identified to be identical to the inoculated fungus.To our knowledge,this is the first report describing the involvement of A.tubingensis in causing leaf spot disease of cotton in Pakistan and around the world.

On the Existence of Non-Intersecting Straight Lines on the Plane

In this brief note, we adduce the logical rationale that if at least one infinite straight line non-intersecting with the given straight line passes through a given point not lying on a given straight line, then it must be unique.

水飞蓟新病害——菌核病的鉴定及防治药剂筛选

【目的】对内蒙古呼伦贝尔市水飞蓟种植区的菌核病进行病原菌的分离与鉴定,明确不同化学药剂对水飞蓟菌核病的防治效果。【方法】采集水飞蓟菌核病病样进行病原菌分离纯化、柯赫氏法则验证、形态学和分子生物学鉴定;以40%菌核净可湿性粉剂、“普绿通”植物免疫增产蛋白、450 g/L咪鲜胺水乳剂、50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂为供试药剂,以清水为对照(CK),分析4种药剂对水飞蓟菌核病防治效果及产量的影响。【结果】共分离纯化得到15株菌株,NCBI Blast比对结果显示,分离菌株与核盘菌[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.)de Bary]相似度>99%。4种供试药剂均有效提高了水飞蓟的产量,防治效果为32.77%~53.78%,增产率为16.31%~37.05%。喷施2999 g/hm^(2)的“普绿通”植物免疫增产蛋白对水飞蓟菌核病的防治效果最好(防效为53.78%),增产效果较好(增产率为16.88%);喷施450 g/L咪鲜胺水乳剂防治效果较差(防效为32.77%),增产效果最好(增产率为37.05%)。【结论】4种供试药剂对水飞蓟均安全;喷施2999 g/hm^(2)的“普绿通”植物免疫增产蛋白防治效果最好、增产率较高,可以作为内蒙古呼伦贝尔市水飞蓟种植区防控水飞蓟菌核病的首选药剂。