Application of Well-Known Antiviral Drugs in the Field Formed by the Unexplained Properties of Low-Level Laser Radiation in Therapy of Covid-19 and Chronic Viral Hepatitis

Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) or cold laser has been used in medicine for several decades. However, the method utilizes a direct contact of the light beam with a patient. Further research resulted in development of another method that enables remote transmission of the pharmacological properties of a medicament into a human body with the application of low-level laser radiation as the light source. 18 patients with different viral diseases were treated with the antiviral drugs placed into the field formed by the unexplained properties of low-level laser radiation of the “device for transfer of the pharmacological properties of a drug into the patient’s body”. This resulted in improvement of the patient’s condition, the absence of side effects and adverse reactions when using drugs in the proposed device and shortened therapy period for patients with chronic hepatitis C infection and Covid-19 patients. The long-term follow-up of the patients with chronic hepatitis B infection showed that hepatitis B virus remained at low replication levels under the influence of the therapy, which made it possible to avoid such formidable complications of the disease as cirrhosis of the liver and liver cancer.

Fabrication and Drug Release Property of Silk Fibroin-Based Weft-Knitted Stents

This paper was to develop a weft-knitted stent coated by a drng-loaded electro-spun fibrous membrane and then investigate its morphology, mechan/cal properties and in vitro drug release property. This work was started by weft-knitting of an inner layer of such stent using polydioxanone （PDO） and silkf＇dment. Subsequently, 5-fluorouracil （5-FU） and curcnmin（CUR） loaded silk fibroin （SF） membranes were coated on the surface of the weft- knitted stent using electro-spinning technique to endow the drug delivery funct/on of the stent. The results show that the radial compression strength and c/renmferentlal expanding strength can reach above （9.1±0.4） cN/cm2 and （205.0± 0.2） cN/mm, respectively. The drug releasing behaviors can be sustained for 400 h. It is concluded that the stents have potential application as anintestinal stent in the future.

POLYCAPROLACTONE-POLY (ETHYLENE GLYCOL) BLOCK COPOLYMER Ⅲ DRUG RELEASE BEHAVIOR

The drug release behavior of degradable polymer--polycaprolactone-poly (ethyleneglycol)block copolymer(PCE) in vitro was investigated by using 5-Fluoro-uracil (5-Fu) asa model drug under a condition of pH 7. 4 at 37C. It is found that the release rate of 5-Fufrom PCE increased with increasing polyether content of the copolymer. The results showthat the increasing polyether content of the copolymer caused increasing hydrophilicity anddecreasing crystallinity of the PCE copolymer. Thus, the drug release behavior and thedegradable property of the PCE can be controlled by adjusting the composition of thecopolymer.

Textual Research on Name, Variety and Property of the Multi-origin Tibetan Herb "Azhong"

By consulting ancient Tibetan medical literature such as books of materia medica,medical works,and prescription books,as well as modern and contemporary literature and materials,and in combination with the interview and investigation of clinical use and expert consultation,we collated and verified the name,variety classification,plant origin,application and other recorded information of Tibetan herb"Azhong",and summarized and analyzed the phenomenon of mixed use or substitution of medicinal plants.According to textual research,it first appeared in the Four Medical Tantras.The Tibetan herb"Azhong"is simply recorded in the ancient books and Materia Medica,which are collectively called"Azhong".Since the 15 th century,there have been varieties such as Za Azhong,Kan Azhong,Xing Azhong,Pumou Azhong,Zha Azhong,Bang Azhong,and the top grade is called Azhong Nabu and Nacang Azhong,and the bottom grade is Azhong Gabu.According to modern literature,the origin of"Azhong"involves 12 species of plants belonging to 8 genera,5 families.At present,Arenaria kansuensis Maxim,Ajania purpurea Shih.and Thalictrum squamiferum Lecoy are the mainstream medicinal materials of"Azhong".There is a certain basis for clinical application and theoretical records in the literature in terms of the mutual alternative use of Tibetan medicinal materials such as"Azhong"and traditional medicinal materials in different regions.Therefore,it is necessary to use modern chemical technology and pharmacological experiments to conduct a comparative study on the material basis and biological activity of different varieties of medicinal materials,and carry out a survey on resources and use status,so as to standardize the use of their varieties and origins and improve the safety of clinical medication.

Evaluation on Hot/Cold Drug Property of Acaí(Euterpe oleracea Mart.) by Cytological Study Methods

Objective: To determine the hot/cold of South American A?aí(Euterpe oleracea Mart.). Materials and Methods: 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay was performed to compare the influence of A?aí and phellodendron bark(Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis) on the growth and proliferation of HepG2 and Hep3 B cell strains. The morphological changes of the two cell strains treated with A?aí and C. Phellodendri were observed using an inverted phase contrast microscope. Trypan blue dye exclusion assay was used to compare and analyze the toxicity effects of A?aí. The content of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH) and the ratio of NADH/NAD+ of the treated cells were detected using a spectrophotometer to determine the influence of A?aí to the energy metabolism of the two cell strains. Results: Within the range of measured concentrations, both A?aí and C. Phellodendri displayed separately the stronger inhibitory effects on cell growth, proliferation, and energy metabolism of the two cell strains. By MTT assay, A?aí showed significant(P < 0.05) or highly significant(P < 0.01) inhibitory effects on cell proliferation within the concentration range of 0.25–40 μg/mL, which was similar to the effects of C. Phellodendri. From the results of microscopic examination, the morphological of lower cell density, attenuated granularity, and more outstretched cells in irregular polygonal shape could be observed in the cells treated with A?aí, which was also similar to that of C. Phellodendri. In trypan blue staining assay, all concentrations of A?aí showed negligible toxicity effects, exactly as that of C. Phellodendri. A?aí showed a highly significant effect of decreasing the content of intracellular NADH as well as the ratio of NADH/NAD+(P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). Conclusion: The effect of A?aí on HepG2 and Hep3 B strains just as C. Phellodendri can reduce energy metabolism and inhibit the growth and proliferation. All performance characteristics of two cell strains treated with A?aí belong to that characteristic of cold property drug. From the study results, we can deduce that the drug property of A?aí is cold.

Study on Drug Property Differences of Shexiang (Moschus) and Bingpian (Borneolum Synthcticum) Based on Analysis of Biothermodynamics

Objective: To study the drug property differences of Shexiang (Moschus) and Bingpian (Borneolum Synthcticum) with biothermodynamics, and to verify the objectivity and authenticity of the drug property. Methods: The growth-thermogram curves of Escherichia coli (E. coli) affected by Shexiang (Moschus) and Bingpian (Borneolum Synthcticum) at different concentrations were determined with microcalorimetry, and the power-time curves (thermogram curves) of E. coli metabolism and characteristic parameters, such as growth rate constant (k), maximum output power (Pm), peak time (tp), total heat-output (Qt), etc. were analyzed with the principal component analysis (PCA) to find the close correlative parameters, so as to objectively reflect the drug property differences of Shexiang (Moschus) and Bingpian (Borneolum Synthcticum). Results: The values of P2 in the second exponential growth phase increased with the increase of the concentrations of Shexiang (Moschus) and Bingpian (Borneolum Synthcticum), and the P2 of Shexiang (Moschus) was larger than that of Bingpian (Borneolum Synthcticum); Q2 increased with the increase of the concentrations of Shexiang (Moschus), but for Bingpian (Borneolum Synthcticum) it was opposite. It is indicated that they have different effects on P2 and Q2 of E. coli in the second exponential growth phase, and have differences in warm and cold natures. Conclusion: The microcalorimetry can accurately and objectively appraise differences of the drug property of Shexiang (Moschus) and Bingpian (Borneolum Synthcticum) and verify the objectivity and authenticity of the drug property, so as to provide a new and useful method for studies of the drug property of Chinese drugs.