Modelling Dry Port Systems in the Framework of Inland Waterway Container Terminals

Overcoming the global sustainability challenges of logistics requires applying solutions that minimize the negative effects of logistics activities.The most efficient way of doing so is through intermodal transportation(IT).Current IT systems rely mostly on road,rail,and sea transport,not inland waterway transport.Developing dry port(DP)terminals has been proven as a sustainable means of promoting and utilizing IT in the hinterland of seaport container terminals.Conventional DP systems consolidate container flows from/to seaports and integrate road and rail transportation modes in the hinterland which improves the sustainability of the whole logistics system.In this article,to extend literature on the sustainable development of different categories of IT terminals,especially DPs,and their varying roles,we examine the possibility of developing DP terminals within the framework of inland waterway container terminals(IWCTs).Establishing combined road–rail–inland waterway transport for observed container flows is expected to make the IT systems sustainable.As such,this article is the first to address the modelling of such DP systems.After mathematically formulating the problem of modelling DP systems,which entailed determining the number and location of DP terminals for IWCTs,their capacity,and their allocation of container flows,we solved the problem with a hybrid metaheuristic model based on the Bee Colony Optimisation(BCO)algorithmand themeasurement of alternatives and ranking according to compromise solution(i.e.,MARCOS)multi-criteria decision-making method.The results from our case study of the Danube region suggest that planning and developingDP terminals in the framework of IWCTs can indeed be sustainable,as well as contribute to the development of logistics networks,the regionalisation of river ports,and the geographic expansion of their hinterlands.Thus,the main contributions of this article are in proposing a novel DP concept variant,mathematically formulating the problems of its modelling,and developing an encompassing hybrid metaheuristic approach for treating the complex nature of the problem adequately.

Developing Large-Scale Dry Ports—The Case of Arriyadh

The purpose of this paper is to explore the development process of a large scale dry port and to analyse what measures and actions are needed in order to support the decision making process and ensure an effective and efficient dry port that serves the City and the region’s current and future needs. The purpose is explored in the context of Saudi Arabiaand the city ofArriyadh. Key issues identified related to the dry port development are long term planning and crosssector collaboration. The interconnection between the dry port and the overall transport system and aspects, such as location of business, city logistics, road and rail infrastructure, local, regional and national regulations, etc., is strong. This puts challenge on the coordination and alignment of the different organizations, their strategies and objectives. In a complex situation, such as developing a dry port with many stakeholders, it is crucial that the roles of all actors are clearly defined. This is essential for utilizing the dry port as a regional tool for planning. In that regard, it is appropriate that the site location decision is clearly connected with an overall city freight vision and strategy.

Assessment of Dry Port Efficiency in Africa Using Data Envelopment Analysis

This work involves the evaluation of dry port competitiveness through analysis of efficiencies for selected dry ports in Africa. Five dry ports were selected and analysis carried out over a period of four years. The dry ports considered were Mojo and Kality in Ethiopia, Mombasa in Kenya, Isaka in Tanzania and Casablanca in Casablanca, Morocco. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was applied for this work. Container throughputs for the various ports under consideration were used as the output variable for the data analysis model, while the number of reach stackers, the number of tractors, the number of forklifts and the size of the dry port were used as the input variables. From the results, the Mombasa dry port was found to be the most efficient with an average score of approximately 1 over the period under consideration. Casablanca was the second efficient dry port with an average score of 0.762, while Isaka was the least efficient with an average score of 0.142. This research is significant since the African countries have embraced the dry port concept, as witnessed in the huge investments in this sector, and would serve to highlight areas that need improvement for the few existing dry port facilities, most of which are undergoing expansion as well as modernization.

The Selection of Dry Port Location by Analytic Network Process Model: A Case Study of Dosso-Niger

The aim of this paper is to select the best location for the construction of a dry port in Niger which is a land locked country (LLC). Niger is located in the Sahel and has a land area of 1,267,000 square kilometers [1], with the closest port being port of Cotonou in Benin. The transport corridor from Niamey to Cotonou is approximately 1036 km long [2]. It is estimated that this corridor carries about 40 percent of Niger’s overseas trade traffic [3]. In this work, the Analytic Network Process (ANP) model is used to determine the optimal location of the dry port, among three major cities: Niamey (capital city), Dosso and Gaya. From the application of this selection model, Dosso was selected as the best location for the location of the dry port, while Gaya and Niamey were placed second and third respectively. The results obtained in this work strongly confirm the decision of the government of Niger to construct a dry port in Dosso, a project that commenced in 2010 and is still in progress.

Dry Port-Seaport Logistics Network Construction under the Belt and Road Initiative: A Case of Shandong Province in China

In recent years,China's dry ports have entered into a period of rapid development,especially driven by the Belt and Road initiative(BRI).This initiative not only provides valuable opportunities,but also intensifies fierce competition between ports.In order to earn more profits and maintain an advantageous position,dry ports generally tend to rely on seaports to increase competitiveness and attract more goods,and seaports are also willing to cooperate with dry ports to expand their business.As a large coastal province in China,Shandong Province has good maritime resources.Because of the fierce competition among seaports inside and outside Shandong Province,port operators should make good use of the opportunity offered by BRI to make connections with the inland cities through the dry port-seaport logistics network and enhance the competitiveness.In order to take an active part in the process of the BRI,forming a dry port-seaport logistics network is a win-win strategy for Shandong province.The research first analyzes the impact of the Belt and Road initiative on ports of Shandong and its development,then uses complex network theory and TOPSIS method to select dry port candidate cities from BRI's important transportation nodes.After considering economic benefits,carbon emissions and construction costs,a multi-objective optimization model is established with a construction cost preference coefficient.Then the NSGA-II algorithm is used to solve the realistic problem.The study finds that when the construction cost increases,the transportation cost and carbon emission cost will decrease,which indicates that the dry port-seaport logistics network established under the BRI can reduce the cost of logistics transportation and environmental pollution.

干散货码头数字孪生综合管控平台架构与实践

为加快干散货智慧港口建设,探讨了数字孪生技术在干散货码头中的应用。分析干散货码头运营呈现出的自动化、信息化、智能化发展趋势,指出当前面临的数据爆炸性增长、数据采集不全面等挑战。在此基础上,对数字孪生在港口的应用领域进行分析梳理,围绕数字孪生模型内容,提出7大应用业务领域。通过干散货码头数字孪生的建设路线,提出以数据驱动和模型驱动为核心的数字孪生模型构建方法。结合干散货码头智能化建设现状,提出干散货码头数字孪生平台架构方案。选取典型门机设备和港区全局典型案例,分别从微观设备孪生构建和宏观全局孪生场景两个层面阐述应用实践经验,以期为智慧港口的发展与建设提供参考。

义乌陆港物流设施空间布局及驱动力研究

物流设施是陆港枢纽集成的基本要素,其中仓储设施是空间布局的重要代表.本文以义乌陆港为例,选取其仓储物流设施POI(Point of Information)数据,综合运用空间分析和多元回归分析法揭示陆港物流设施的空间布局特征及驱动机制.研究表明:(1)义乌陆港仓储物流设施空间布局呈运输设施的“轴-辐”模式,以物流综合体为集聚核心、“多核一带”的非中心结构;传统仓、云仓和直通仓的空间分布也有差异,其中传统仓符合总体陆港仓储设施的集聚模式,云仓与直通仓呈单核心,但直通仓集聚程度更明显.(2)仓储物流设施空间布局在地价和交通等因素上具有较强政府导向,也受多元运营主体的服务价值等因素驱动.期望研究结果为未来陆港物流设施布局与规划提供参考.

秦皇岛港干散货码头碳减排现状分析与行动路径研究

本文以全球最大的大宗干散货公众码头——秦皇岛港为例,分析其碳排放情况和绿色低碳发展现状,通过源头降碳、过程减碳、末端固碳等方面的举措,提出了干散货港口开展碳减排工作的行动路径,明确了碳减排是各港口企业实现高质量、可持续发展的重要内容。

大型干散货港口数字化堆场系统的实现

为解决堆场周边构建物、装卸运输设备及料堆等的三维模型构建以及三维场景中实时跟踪堆垛数据及状态变化、跟踪设备位置及姿态等关键技术难题,采用数字孪生、顶点着色等技术建立多视图立体视觉三维堆场模型,形成堆场内堆料机、取料机、行走轨道、垛位、坝基及堆场周边设备设施和周边构建物的三维模型建模方案。在三维场景中实时跟踪数据变化,确保装卸运输设备作业结构动作保持同步,实现实时数据驱动码头及堆场三维模型动态更新,准确指导港口生产作业,提高堆场作业效率与堆存能力。

干散货码头水资源循环利用研究

为提高干散货码头水资源利用效率,本文以鼠浪湖码头相关水资源利用设备设施为例,从码头污水收集池、排洪沟、压舱水回收装置改造等方面,分析其在水资源循环高效利用方面可行性。研究结果表明:码头常规污水收集池改造可收集污水和兼顾压舱水蓄水,码头排洪沟增设堤坝提高了雨水收集库容,且大幅提高了船舶压舱水回收效率。

淮海国际陆港高质量发展对策研究

以打造淮海国际陆港为研究背景,结合国际陆港规划布局、功能定位、项目推进、体制机制等方面的建设情况,提出要强化陆港建设的三大体系(产业体系、开放体系、物流体系)支撑和管理服务机制保障。针对国际陆港在统筹规划、资源集聚、协同效应、功能定位以及信息共享等方面的不足之处,从顶层设计、功能集成、陆海联动、要素集聚、应用创新以及信息平台等方面提出了建设性意见。

基于障碍度模型的S陆港中欧班列开行质量效益评价

中欧班列作为“一带一路”倡议的旗舰项目,已成为我国对欧贸易发展的重要载体。对陆港地区开行的中欧班列开行质量效益进行研究,重点考虑和所在地区的经贸联系影响因素,将相关指标列入中欧班列开行质量发展水平指标。以时间的维度,通过序关系法、熵权法及乘法组合法确定权重后,再采用障碍度模型评价,评价结果侧重了解其开行质量效益发展趋势。结果表明,中欧班列开行经济效益的重点发展指标是发送箱数、货重和货值。

级联失效下海港-陆港集装箱运输网络鲁棒性分析

当海港受到攻击而失效时,由于港口间的连通关系,会在海港-陆港集装箱运输网络中产生级联失效效应,进而扩散到整个网络中。为此,本文研究海港-陆港集装箱运输网络级联失效下的鲁棒性,设计海港节点与陆港节点的不同状态指标,根据节点失效传播能力与节点间引力模型建立失效节点负载转移方程,构建海港-陆港集装箱运输网络级联失效模型和鲁棒性评估指标,探讨邻居节点失效传播能力阈值、节点冗余量、跳港比例、海港合作陆港数量变化,以及不同节点攻击方式对网络鲁棒性的影响,同时,探究在海港失效后,其竞争港口的业务量变化。结果表明,在增强鲁棒性能方面,节点失效传播能力阈值与跳港比例存在最优取值区间;在一定范围内提高节点的容差参数有助于降低网络级联失效的影响;同时,海港所合作的陆港重叠范围不应过高;竞争港口会瓜分一部分失效海港的业务份额,其业务份额与两港口之间的距离和竞争港口的作业能力相关。

大宗散货港口煤炭翻车作业抑尘措施效率实测研究

为降低干散货港口煤炭运输翻车作业过程中产生的粉尘污染排放,综合采用了机上洒水、干雾、平台洒水和底层洒水多种联合控制措施。通过对不同组合应用条件下动态扬尘的实际监测,基于实测数据完成了不同抑尘设施抑尘效率的评估,优化了翻车作业抑尘措施运行决策,为翻车机房粉尘污染防治提供节能高效的管理模式。

港口散货取料机无人取料系统设计及应用

斗轮取料机是干散货港口的核心设备,实现斗轮取料机无人智能化操作对智慧港口建设具有重大意义。提出一种斗轮取料机无人智能取料系统,通过增设各类传感器感知斗轮取料机周边作业环境,设计智能取料生产作业工艺流程,实现了斗轮取料机的无人化智能作业,并在煤炭码头项目成功应用,相较于人工作业取料流量更加平稳。该系统解决了斗轮取料机人工作业环境恶劣,人工操作不稳定等问题,具有很强的可行性及操作性,为干散货港口斗轮取料机无人控制提供参考。

粉砂岩干湿循环力学性能劣化及统计损伤模型

内陆港口岩石地基经历不同程度的干湿循环作用,地基承载性能衰减劣化。以干湿循环次数和围压作为试验工况,开展粉砂岩常规三轴压缩试验。假定粉砂岩微元强度服从改进Harris概率分布,从而定义损伤变量,选择M-C强度准则,结合试验结果中弹性模量及内摩擦角的对数型衰减规律,构建一种可反映干湿循环的统计损伤模型,并给出参数解析方法,得到损伤发展曲线。采用新建模型辨识粉砂岩及文献中泥质白云岩和砂岩试验曲线,并经模拟对比。结果表明,粉砂岩弹性模量、黏聚力、内摩擦角均随着干湿循环次数的增加而逐渐衰减,当循环次数达到16次时,衰减变化曲线趋于平稳,该衰减规律可用对数函数表示;干湿循环促进岩石力学性能衰减劣化,宏观表现为峰值应力的降低;新建模型经验证可行。

烟台港西港区矿石码头建设绿色港口发展方向的探讨

随着全球贸易的快速增长,港口作为国际贸易的关键节点,面临着巨大的环境和能源压力,特别是干散货码头尤为突出。绿色港口作为一种可持续发展的战略选择,旨在实现港口运营对环境和社会的最小化影响,同时提高能源效率和经济效益。文章以烟台港西港区矿石码头为例,分析了烟台港现有环保措施比较常规,对标国内先进的绿色港口还存在很大的差距,同时对烟台港建设绿色港口的发展方向进行探讨,可以从污染防治措施、低碳节能技术、清洁能源利用和管理策略等多方面改进,逐步建成国内先进的绿色港口。

基于改进遗传算法的港口配煤优选方案探讨

围绕煤炭市场动向与客户定制化需求,对干散货港口个性化物流服务中的代表性业务—配煤业务进行重点研究,结合港口配煤作业实际,确定模型优先级与约束条件,构建配煤优选模型,并在模型求解与验证过程引入基于改进的遗传算法,配合解决多目标优化问题,建立起基于改进遗传算法的个性化配煤优选算法并应用于系统运算,过程中保证了运算的收敛性与高效性,生成解集保证了优选方案的适应性与多样性。

河北省海港大宗干散货集疏运体系优化策略探讨

为推动河北省沿海港口在更好服务国家能源战略要求、满足腹地产业发展需要的同时打造环境友好型的绿色低碳港口,本文以优化完善港口大宗干散货集疏运体系为切入点,通过深入研究基础设施条件和货物运输现状,梳理分析存在的问题,以生态文明建设为引领明确发展目标,提出完善港口腹地铁路网络、加强铁路专用线建设、提高铁路货运组织效率、完善货物多种疏港模式、推进港口集疏运绿色发展等发展策略和相关的措施建议。

化工产品烘干线进料摊平自动化

为了解决烘干线进料口处料厚不均匀而需要人工干预的问题,在充分调研现场、产品和已有设备状况的基础上,分析比较了几种可行的方案以后,通过类比实验,做出了材料、制造和使用成本最低的,即经济性最好的——使用滑道加分流器的解决方案,经技术和生产人员的审核,认为该方案的性价比高且可行。具体实施后,不仅能够实现烘干线进料口处物料自动摊平,从而保证产品的烘干质量和产量;而且节省了每年42,000元的人工费用。