目的:观察油酸诱导的急性肺损伤/急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ALI/ARDS)中肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)的变化,探索ALI/ARDS治疗新途径。方法:①建立ALI/ARDS动物模型,并利用症状、动脉血气分析、肺湿/干重比(W/D)和肺组织病理等指标评估;采用紫外...目的:观察油酸诱导的急性肺损伤/急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ALI/ARDS)中肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)的变化,探索ALI/ARDS治疗新途径。方法:①建立ALI/ARDS动物模型,并利用症状、动脉血气分析、肺湿/干重比(W/D)和肺组织病理等指标评估;采用紫外分光光度法和放射免疫法分别测定RAS关键酶:血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)、ACE2和血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ),并研究其变化规律。②分别给模型鼠腹腔注射卡托普利、重组大鼠ACE2(rmACE2)和氯沙坦,观察干预效果。结果:①模型评判及RAS变化:模型复制成功,油酸组大鼠肺水含量较正常组明显增多(W/D:6.71±0.64 vs 4.02±0.10,P<0.01),氧合指数明显下降(PaO_2/FiO_2:267±19 vs 450±15,P<0.01),且病理显示明显的肺损伤改变;油酸组血浆中ACE2表达下降,而ACE表达明显升高,氯沙坦组ACE表达降低,对应ACE2表达升高;油酸组大鼠血浆AngⅡ水平明显增高,而氯沙坦组水平降低(76.50±29.21 vs 118.92±45.48,P<0.05,单位:Pg/ml)。②RAS药物对ALI/ARDS的影响:与油酸组比较,卡托普利组W/D明显降低(5.35±0.25 vs 6.06±0.22,P<0.05),而rmACE2组也出现下降趋势(6.33±0.32 vs 6.71±0.64,单位:U),但无明显统计学差异(P=0.542)。氯沙坦组降低最显著(5.35±0.25,P<0.01,单位:U);氯沙坦可提高ALI/ARDS大鼠7d生存率。结论:①RAS存在激活,表现为关键酶发生显著变化:ACE、AngⅡ的升高和ACE2的降低。②干预RAS能部分改善ALI/ARDS肺损伤。其中以氨沙坦作用最为显著,且能最终提高7d生存率。③RAS可能开辟ALI/ARDS药物治疗的新时代,有望降低ALI/ARDS病死率。展开更多
Aphid establishes colony in the selective plant parts like vine, leaf petiole, leaflet, inflorescence, and tender fruit in Dolichos lablab Linn but not the entire plant. In this study, the aphid colony establishment i...Aphid establishes colony in the selective plant parts like vine, leaf petiole, leaflet, inflorescence, and tender fruit in Dolichos lablab Linn but not the entire plant. In this study, the aphid colony establishment in vine is focused to understand the differential resistance response between two varieties. At the early stage of aphid infestation, the aphid colony establishment was significantly different between two genotypes (p value = 0.00) and abbreviated as “resistant” variety that supported lower aphid proliferation (mean value = 48.2 ± 2.2) and “susceptible” variety that supported comparatively higher aphid proliferation (mean value = 215.5 ± 16.9). The total aphid number was significantly different between the two varieties, realized at the early infestation stage when both “antixenosis” and “antibiosis” defense mechanisms were working on. Some plant specific factors like vine diameter, wet/ dry weight ratio of vine, phloem sap pressure, the compactness of the vine, wet/dry weight ratio of leaflet, length of leaf petiole, diameter of leaflet vein were identified as modulating factors. The impact of resistant variety on aphid was also investigated for better understanding of aphid defense mechanism.展开更多
文摘目的:观察油酸诱导的急性肺损伤/急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ALI/ARDS)中肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)的变化,探索ALI/ARDS治疗新途径。方法:①建立ALI/ARDS动物模型,并利用症状、动脉血气分析、肺湿/干重比(W/D)和肺组织病理等指标评估;采用紫外分光光度法和放射免疫法分别测定RAS关键酶:血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)、ACE2和血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ),并研究其变化规律。②分别给模型鼠腹腔注射卡托普利、重组大鼠ACE2(rmACE2)和氯沙坦,观察干预效果。结果:①模型评判及RAS变化:模型复制成功,油酸组大鼠肺水含量较正常组明显增多(W/D:6.71±0.64 vs 4.02±0.10,P<0.01),氧合指数明显下降(PaO_2/FiO_2:267±19 vs 450±15,P<0.01),且病理显示明显的肺损伤改变;油酸组血浆中ACE2表达下降,而ACE表达明显升高,氯沙坦组ACE表达降低,对应ACE2表达升高;油酸组大鼠血浆AngⅡ水平明显增高,而氯沙坦组水平降低(76.50±29.21 vs 118.92±45.48,P<0.05,单位:Pg/ml)。②RAS药物对ALI/ARDS的影响:与油酸组比较,卡托普利组W/D明显降低(5.35±0.25 vs 6.06±0.22,P<0.05),而rmACE2组也出现下降趋势(6.33±0.32 vs 6.71±0.64,单位:U),但无明显统计学差异(P=0.542)。氯沙坦组降低最显著(5.35±0.25,P<0.01,单位:U);氯沙坦可提高ALI/ARDS大鼠7d生存率。结论:①RAS存在激活,表现为关键酶发生显著变化:ACE、AngⅡ的升高和ACE2的降低。②干预RAS能部分改善ALI/ARDS肺损伤。其中以氨沙坦作用最为显著,且能最终提高7d生存率。③RAS可能开辟ALI/ARDS药物治疗的新时代,有望降低ALI/ARDS病死率。
文摘Aphid establishes colony in the selective plant parts like vine, leaf petiole, leaflet, inflorescence, and tender fruit in Dolichos lablab Linn but not the entire plant. In this study, the aphid colony establishment in vine is focused to understand the differential resistance response between two varieties. At the early stage of aphid infestation, the aphid colony establishment was significantly different between two genotypes (p value = 0.00) and abbreviated as “resistant” variety that supported lower aphid proliferation (mean value = 48.2 ± 2.2) and “susceptible” variety that supported comparatively higher aphid proliferation (mean value = 215.5 ± 16.9). The total aphid number was significantly different between the two varieties, realized at the early infestation stage when both “antixenosis” and “antibiosis” defense mechanisms were working on. Some plant specific factors like vine diameter, wet/ dry weight ratio of vine, phloem sap pressure, the compactness of the vine, wet/dry weight ratio of leaflet, length of leaf petiole, diameter of leaflet vein were identified as modulating factors. The impact of resistant variety on aphid was also investigated for better understanding of aphid defense mechanism.
文摘目的 探讨丙泊酚对肺损伤大鼠肺泡毛细血管膜通透性的影响。方法 健康成年Wistar大鼠12只,分为3组,每组4只。在输入林格液后,对照组股静脉注射生理盐水1.2 ml;模型组给予股静脉注射内毒素5 mg/kg;实验组给予股静脉注射内毒素5 mg/kg后腹腔注射丙泊酚10 mg/kg。记录术后12 h、24 h肺泡毛细血管膜通透性、肺通透指数、细胞凋亡、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)含量、肺水含量与肺湿干质量比值变化情况。结果 对照组肺组织结构完整、肺泡腔清晰、毛细血管略扩张;模型组肺脏可见渗出增多、肺泡壁显著增厚、肺泡内充血、炎性细胞浸润显著;实验组只有轻微肺泡内出血、肺不张和肺水肿。模型组的术后12 h、24 h肺泡毛细血管膜通透性评分与肺通透指数显著高于对照组( P <0.05),实验组显著低于模型组( P <0.05)。模型组术后12 h、24 h的肺湿干质量比值与肺水含量均显著高于对照组( P <0.05),实验组显著低于模型组( P <0.05)。模型组术后12 h、24 h的细胞凋亡指数与TNF-α含量均显著高于对照组( P <0.05),实验组各指标显著低于模型组( P <0.05)。结论 丙泊酚可改善肺损伤大鼠的肺泡毛细血管膜通透性,降低肺湿干质量比值,抑制细胞凋亡与TNF-α,从而发挥肺保护作用。
