Background The performance of computed tomography X-ray absorptiometry （CTXA） against the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry （DXA） as standard has not been studied in Chinese population. The aim of this study was to...Background The performance of computed tomography X-ray absorptiometry （CTXA） against the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry （DXA） as standard has not been studied in Chinese population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the precision of this measurement and validate the value of quantitative computed tomography （QCT） by comparing CTXA results with DXA results in an elderly Chinese population. Methods One hundred and three females of 46 to 76 years old and 49 males of 52 to 76 years old were recruited from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology study. All subjects underwent hip scans by both QCT and DXA on the same day. For precision determination, 30 subjects had duplicate DXA hip scans. The hip QCT data of a subset of 27 subjects were separately analyzed by two observers and reanalyzed by one observer at a different time. The inter- and intra-observer variations of CTXA measurement were assessed, and the difference and correlation between CTXA and DXA results were analyzed. Results The inter- and intra-observer variations of CTXA were 0.070 and 0.024 g/cm^2 in the femoral neck （FN）, and 0.030 and 0.012 g/cm2 in the total hip （TH）, which were comparable to the DXA inter-scan variations （0.013 g/cm2 for FN and 0.014 g/cm2 for TH）. The results of CTXA bone mineral density （BMD） were highly correlated with those of DXA （R2 = 0.810 for FN and R2 = 0.878 for TH）. The BMD values of CTXA in FN and TH were lower than those of DXA by 21.0% and 17.8% （P〈0.05）, respectively. However, after appropriate transformation, the difference was eliminated and a comparable T score could be obtained. Conclusions CTXA shows good agreement with DXA for the measurement of BMD in the proximal femur, which makes QCT suitable for the quantification of bone mineral content in the hip and helpful for the diagnosis of osteoporosis.展开更多
To examine accuracy of body composition predicted by the Multi-Frequency Bioelectric Impedance Analysis （MF-BIA） compared with the Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry （DXA） in adults with obese. We measured body comp...To examine accuracy of body composition predicted by the Multi-Frequency Bioelectric Impedance Analysis （MF-BIA） compared with the Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry （DXA） in adults with obese. We measured body composition of 749 adults with obese both by the MF-BIA and DXA. The Lin＇s concordance correlation and the Bland-Altman plots were used to examine the consistency. The concordance correlation coefficient of %BF between the MF-BIA and DXA in men and women was 0.560, and 0.669, respectively. Compared with the DXA, the MF-BIA significantly underestimated %BF by 4.33% in men （P 〈 0.001）, however overestimated %BF by 0.50% in women （P 〈 0.001）. After corrected by the correction equations established in this study, the differences were significantly decreased. Therefore, the MF-BIA （TANITA MC-180） may need to be corrected in estimating body composition for adults with obese.展开更多
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)includes a spectrum of conditions,progressing from mild steatosis to advanced fibrosis.Sarcopenia,characterized by decreased muscle strength and mass,shares common pat...BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)includes a spectrum of conditions,progressing from mild steatosis to advanced fibrosis.Sarcopenia,characterized by decreased muscle strength and mass,shares common pathophysiological traits with NAFLD.An association exists between sarcopenia and increased NAFLD prevalence.However,data on the prevalence of sarcopenia in NAFLD and its impact on the outcomes of NAFLD remain inconsistent.AIM To analyze the prevalence and outcomes of sarcopenia in patients with NAFLD.METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search for relevant studies in MEDLINE,Embase,and Scopus from their inception to June 2023.We included studies that focused on patients with NAFLD,reported the prevalence of sarcopenia as the primary outcome,and examined secondary outcomes,such as liver fibrosis and other adverse events.We also used the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for quality assessment.RESULTS Of the 29 studies included,the prevalence of sarcopenia in NAFLD varied widely(1.6%to 63.0%),with 20 studies reporting a prevalence of more than 10.0%.Substantial heterogeneity was noted in the measurement modalities for sarcopenia.Sarcopenia was associated with a higher risk of advanced fibrosis(odd ratio:1.97,95%confidence interval:1.44-2.70).Increased odds were consistently observed in fibrosis assessment through biopsy,NAFLD fibrosis score/body mass index,aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio,diabetes(BARD)score,and transient elastography,whereas the fibrosis-4 score showed no such association.Sarcopenia in NAFLD was associated with a higher risk of steatohepatitis,insulin resistance,cardiovascular risks,and mortality.CONCLUSION This systematic review highlights the critical need for standardized diagnostic criteria and measurement methods for sarcopenia in NAFLD patients.The variability in study designs and assessment methods for sarcopenia and liver fibrosis may account for the inconsistent findings.This review demonstrates the multidimensional impact of sarcopenia on NAFLD,indicating its importance beyond liver-related events to include cardiovascular risks,mortality,and metabolic complications.展开更多
近年来,我国肉类加工行业发展迅猛,自动化和智能化水平逐渐提高,多种肥瘦比例检测技术被应用到肉制品加工和屠宰行业。双能X射线吸收法(dual energy X-ray absorptiometry,DXA)是解决肉制品在线肥瘦比例检测的最佳方法之一,具有精准度...近年来,我国肉类加工行业发展迅猛,自动化和智能化水平逐渐提高,多种肥瘦比例检测技术被应用到肉制品加工和屠宰行业。双能X射线吸收法(dual energy X-ray absorptiometry,DXA)是解决肉制品在线肥瘦比例检测的最佳方法之一,具有精准度高、耗时短、可以对胴体全身进行检测的优势。本文比较当前各种肥瘦比例检测技术的特点,介绍DXA的概念、测量方式,重点探讨DXA在肥瘦比例测定中的应用和研究进展,通过对研究现状、设备类型和存在问题的分析,讨论未来该技术应用的发展方向。展开更多
我国人口老龄化程度不断加深,积极应对是医药卫生面临的重要问题。骨质疏松及由此引发的骨折尤其值得关注。为了进一步规范原发性骨质疏松症的诊疗,中华医学会骨质疏松和骨矿盐疾病分会针对中国人群流行病学特点和发病机制,结合国内、...我国人口老龄化程度不断加深,积极应对是医药卫生面临的重要问题。骨质疏松及由此引发的骨折尤其值得关注。为了进一步规范原发性骨质疏松症的诊疗,中华医学会骨质疏松和骨矿盐疾病分会针对中国人群流行病学特点和发病机制,结合国内、外高质量的医学研究证据,制定并发布了《原发性骨质疏松症诊疗指南(2022版)》。本文将结合指南的要点、循证医学证据以及我国临床实践,专注于新版指南中关于“骨折风险分层及治疗选择”以及“抗骨质疏松症药物疗程”2个关键临床问题的解读。关于骨折风险,本指南中将其为分高骨折和极高骨折风险,取消了低、中风险分类,对极高骨折风险指标之一“近期发生骨折”,“近期”定义为“24个月”;鉴于FRAX模型低估中国患者骨折风险,提出临床需制定操作性强的骨折风险分层判定标准。关于药物治疗,对于使用双膦酸盐类药物的患者,应充分评估,才能进入药物假期,且仍需定期随访;尽管美国食品药品管理局(Food and Drug Admin⁃istration,FDA)取消了特立帕肽致骨肉瘤的警示及24个月的疗程限制,但我国该药的使用说明书提示疗程依然为24个月。本次指南立足于国内外的高质量循证医学证据,可为临床提供参考及研究方向。展开更多
目的研究人体骨折部位骨矿物密度值(bone mineral density,BMD)在骨折愈合过程中的变化规律,分析其与骨折形成时间的关系。方法共收集451例外伤性股骨骨折患者样本,其中男性233例,女性218例,年龄范围为20~79岁;采用双能X线吸收测量法,...目的研究人体骨折部位骨矿物密度值(bone mineral density,BMD)在骨折愈合过程中的变化规律,分析其与骨折形成时间的关系。方法共收集451例外伤性股骨骨折患者样本,其中男性233例,女性218例,年龄范围为20~79岁;采用双能X线吸收测量法,在骨折当时及骨折后2、4、6、8、10周分别对患者骨折区域R_(1)和健侧对照区域R_(2)进行BMD检测;应用SPSS22.0软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果骨折患者的BMD值与年龄呈负相关,骨折区的BMD值低于正常人群,但会随着骨折时间的延长而升高,男性患者的BMD值大于女性患者,利用BMD值推断骨折时间的方程为:Y=(X_(1)-0.714+0.069×X_(2)+0.111×X_(3))/0.036(X_(1)代表BMD值,X_(2)代表性别,X_(3)代表年龄分组,Y代表骨折时间)。结论利用双能X线测量骨折区域的BMD值可以推断骨折形成时间,在人体损伤程度鉴定、损伤形成时间推断以及三期评定等法医临床学鉴定实践中有应用价值。展开更多
文摘Background The performance of computed tomography X-ray absorptiometry （CTXA） against the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry （DXA） as standard has not been studied in Chinese population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the precision of this measurement and validate the value of quantitative computed tomography （QCT） by comparing CTXA results with DXA results in an elderly Chinese population. Methods One hundred and three females of 46 to 76 years old and 49 males of 52 to 76 years old were recruited from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology study. All subjects underwent hip scans by both QCT and DXA on the same day. For precision determination, 30 subjects had duplicate DXA hip scans. The hip QCT data of a subset of 27 subjects were separately analyzed by two observers and reanalyzed by one observer at a different time. The inter- and intra-observer variations of CTXA measurement were assessed, and the difference and correlation between CTXA and DXA results were analyzed. Results The inter- and intra-observer variations of CTXA were 0.070 and 0.024 g/cm^2 in the femoral neck （FN）, and 0.030 and 0.012 g/cm2 in the total hip （TH）, which were comparable to the DXA inter-scan variations （0.013 g/cm2 for FN and 0.014 g/cm2 for TH）. The results of CTXA bone mineral density （BMD） were highly correlated with those of DXA （R2 = 0.810 for FN and R2 = 0.878 for TH）. The BMD values of CTXA in FN and TH were lower than those of DXA by 21.0% and 17.8% （P〈0.05）, respectively. However, after appropriate transformation, the difference was eliminated and a comparable T score could be obtained. Conclusions CTXA shows good agreement with DXA for the measurement of BMD in the proximal femur, which makes QCT suitable for the quantification of bone mineral content in the hip and helpful for the diagnosis of osteoporosis.
文摘To examine accuracy of body composition predicted by the Multi-Frequency Bioelectric Impedance Analysis （MF-BIA） compared with the Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry （DXA） in adults with obese. We measured body composition of 749 adults with obese both by the MF-BIA and DXA. The Lin＇s concordance correlation and the Bland-Altman plots were used to examine the consistency. The concordance correlation coefficient of %BF between the MF-BIA and DXA in men and women was 0.560, and 0.669, respectively. Compared with the DXA, the MF-BIA significantly underestimated %BF by 4.33% in men （P 〈 0.001）, however overestimated %BF by 0.50% in women （P 〈 0.001）. After corrected by the correction equations established in this study, the differences were significantly decreased. Therefore, the MF-BIA （TANITA MC-180） may need to be corrected in estimating body composition for adults with obese.
文摘BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)includes a spectrum of conditions,progressing from mild steatosis to advanced fibrosis.Sarcopenia,characterized by decreased muscle strength and mass,shares common pathophysiological traits with NAFLD.An association exists between sarcopenia and increased NAFLD prevalence.However,data on the prevalence of sarcopenia in NAFLD and its impact on the outcomes of NAFLD remain inconsistent.AIM To analyze the prevalence and outcomes of sarcopenia in patients with NAFLD.METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search for relevant studies in MEDLINE,Embase,and Scopus from their inception to June 2023.We included studies that focused on patients with NAFLD,reported the prevalence of sarcopenia as the primary outcome,and examined secondary outcomes,such as liver fibrosis and other adverse events.We also used the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for quality assessment.RESULTS Of the 29 studies included,the prevalence of sarcopenia in NAFLD varied widely(1.6%to 63.0%),with 20 studies reporting a prevalence of more than 10.0%.Substantial heterogeneity was noted in the measurement modalities for sarcopenia.Sarcopenia was associated with a higher risk of advanced fibrosis(odd ratio:1.97,95%confidence interval:1.44-2.70).Increased odds were consistently observed in fibrosis assessment through biopsy,NAFLD fibrosis score/body mass index,aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio,diabetes(BARD)score,and transient elastography,whereas the fibrosis-4 score showed no such association.Sarcopenia in NAFLD was associated with a higher risk of steatohepatitis,insulin resistance,cardiovascular risks,and mortality.CONCLUSION This systematic review highlights the critical need for standardized diagnostic criteria and measurement methods for sarcopenia in NAFLD patients.The variability in study designs and assessment methods for sarcopenia and liver fibrosis may account for the inconsistent findings.This review demonstrates the multidimensional impact of sarcopenia on NAFLD,indicating its importance beyond liver-related events to include cardiovascular risks,mortality,and metabolic complications.
文摘近年来,我国肉类加工行业发展迅猛,自动化和智能化水平逐渐提高,多种肥瘦比例检测技术被应用到肉制品加工和屠宰行业。双能X射线吸收法(dual energy X-ray absorptiometry,DXA)是解决肉制品在线肥瘦比例检测的最佳方法之一,具有精准度高、耗时短、可以对胴体全身进行检测的优势。本文比较当前各种肥瘦比例检测技术的特点,介绍DXA的概念、测量方式,重点探讨DXA在肥瘦比例测定中的应用和研究进展,通过对研究现状、设备类型和存在问题的分析,讨论未来该技术应用的发展方向。
文摘我国人口老龄化程度不断加深,积极应对是医药卫生面临的重要问题。骨质疏松及由此引发的骨折尤其值得关注。为了进一步规范原发性骨质疏松症的诊疗,中华医学会骨质疏松和骨矿盐疾病分会针对中国人群流行病学特点和发病机制,结合国内、外高质量的医学研究证据,制定并发布了《原发性骨质疏松症诊疗指南(2022版)》。本文将结合指南的要点、循证医学证据以及我国临床实践,专注于新版指南中关于“骨折风险分层及治疗选择”以及“抗骨质疏松症药物疗程”2个关键临床问题的解读。关于骨折风险,本指南中将其为分高骨折和极高骨折风险,取消了低、中风险分类,对极高骨折风险指标之一“近期发生骨折”,“近期”定义为“24个月”;鉴于FRAX模型低估中国患者骨折风险,提出临床需制定操作性强的骨折风险分层判定标准。关于药物治疗,对于使用双膦酸盐类药物的患者,应充分评估,才能进入药物假期,且仍需定期随访;尽管美国食品药品管理局(Food and Drug Admin⁃istration,FDA)取消了特立帕肽致骨肉瘤的警示及24个月的疗程限制,但我国该药的使用说明书提示疗程依然为24个月。本次指南立足于国内外的高质量循证医学证据,可为临床提供参考及研究方向。
文摘目的研究人体骨折部位骨矿物密度值(bone mineral density,BMD)在骨折愈合过程中的变化规律,分析其与骨折形成时间的关系。方法共收集451例外伤性股骨骨折患者样本,其中男性233例,女性218例,年龄范围为20~79岁;采用双能X线吸收测量法,在骨折当时及骨折后2、4、6、8、10周分别对患者骨折区域R_(1)和健侧对照区域R_(2)进行BMD检测;应用SPSS22.0软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果骨折患者的BMD值与年龄呈负相关,骨折区的BMD值低于正常人群,但会随着骨折时间的延长而升高,男性患者的BMD值大于女性患者,利用BMD值推断骨折时间的方程为:Y=(X_(1)-0.714+0.069×X_(2)+0.111×X_(3))/0.036(X_(1)代表BMD值,X_(2)代表性别,X_(3)代表年龄分组,Y代表骨折时间)。结论利用双能X线测量骨折区域的BMD值可以推断骨折形成时间,在人体损伤程度鉴定、损伤形成时间推断以及三期评定等法医临床学鉴定实践中有应用价值。
