Non-enhanced Low-tube-voltage High-pitch Dual-source Computed Tomography with Sinogram Affirmed Iterative Reconstruction Algorithm of the Abdomen and Pelvis

Objective To investigate the image quality, radiation dose and diagnostic value of the low-tube-voltage high-pitch dual-source computed tomography(DSCT) with sinogram affirmed iterative reconstruction(SAFIRE) for non-enhanced abdominal and pelvic scans. Methods This institutional review board-approved prospective study included 64 patients who gave written informed consent for additional abdominal and pelvic scan with DSCT in the period from November to December 2012. The patients underwent standard non-enhanced CT scans(protocol 1) [tube voltage of 120 k Vp/pitch of 0.9/filtered back-projection(FBP) reconstruction] followed by high-pitch non-enhanced CT scans(protocol 2)(100 k Vp/3.0/SAFIRE). The total scan time, mean CT number, signal-to-noise ratio(SNR), image quality, lesion detectability and radiation dose were compared between the two protocols. Results The total scan time of protocol 2 was significantly shorter than that of protocol 1(1.4±0.1 seconds vs. 7.6±0.6 seconds, P<0.001). There was no significant difference between protocol 1 and protocol 2 in mean CT number of all organs(liver, 55.4±6.3 HU vs. 56.1±6.8 HU, P=0.214; pancreas, 43.6±5.9 HU vs. 43.7±5.8 HU, P=0.785; spleen, 47.9±3.9 HU vs. 49.4±4.3 HU, P=0.128; kidney, 32.2±2.3 HU vs. 33.1±2.3 HU, P=0.367; abdominal aorta, 44.8±5.6 HU vs. 45.0±5.5 HU, P=0.499; psoas muscle, 50.7±4.1 HU vs. 50.3±4.5 HU, P=0.279). SNR on images of protocol 2 was higher than that of protocol 1(liver, 5.0±1.2 vs. 4.5±1.1, P<0.001; pancreas, 4.0±1.0 vs. 3.6±0.8, P<0.001; spleen, 4.7±1.0 vs. 4.1±0.9, P<0.001; kidney, 3.1±0.6 vs. 2.8±0.6, P<0.001; abdominal aorta, 4.1±1.0 vs. 3.8±1.0, P<0.001; psoas muscle, 4.5±1.1 vs. 4.3±1.2, P=0.012). The overall image noise of protocol 2 was lower than that of protocol1(9.8±3.1 HU vs. 11.1±3.0 HU, P<0.001). Image quality of protocol 2 was good but lower than that of protocol 1(4.1±0.7 vs. 4.6±0.5, P<0.001). Protocol 2 perceived 229 of 234 lesions(97.9%) that were detected in protocol 1 in the abdomen and pelvis. Radiation dose of protocol 2 was lower than that of protocol 1(4.4±0.4 m Sv vs. 7.3±2.4 m Sv, P<0.001) and the mean dose reduction was 41.4%. Conclusion The high-pitch DSCT with SAFIRE can shorten scan time and reduce radiation dose while preserving image quality in non-enhanced abdominal and pelvic scans.

Dose Efficiency in Dual Source High-Pitch Computed Tomography of the Chest

Objectives: Evaluation of radiation efficiency of dual source high-pitch (DSHP) chest CT in comparison to single source technique with special regards to individual patient anatomy. Methods: 150 consecutive patients who underwent chest CT with automated tube current modulation were evaluated retrospectively and divided into three study groups, each with an equal quantity of 50 patients (DSHP vs. single source 128 slices vs. single source 16 slices). By using a dedicated workstation, volumetric analyses of each of the scanned anatomic area were performed and correlated to the individual dose length product (DLP). The calculated result was defined as dose efficiency. Results: DLP was 203 mGycm (DSHP), vs. 269 mGycm (single source) vs. 273 mGycm (16 slice CT). The total patient volume was lowest in the dual source group with 18956.3 cm3 (vs. 22481.2 cm3 vs. 22133.8 cm3). With regards to the DLP, the calculated dose efficiency of dual source CT was better than the 128 slice CT (p = 0.045) and the 16 slice CT (p < 0.01). Conclusions: DSHP CT has considerably better dose efficiency compared to 16 slice CT. Compared to 128 slice single source technique, the high-pitch mode does not cause any dose penalty when performing chest CT.

Head dual energy-computed tomography angiography versus neuro-digital subtraction angiography

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry provides two modes of head computed tomography （CT） angiography scanning： neuro-digital subtraction angiography and dual-energy CT angiography （DE-CTA）. Previous studies have compared image quality, radiation exposure, and bone removal between neuro-digital subtraction angiography and DE-CTA. However, the number of cases was relatively small. The present study examined 300 suspected cases of cerebrovascular disease and observed the methods and duration of post-processing, examination time, and data volume. Results demonstrated similar image quality between the two methods, but lower radiation doses and shorter examination time in DE-CTA. DE-CTA allowed for faster and more stable scanning performance and post-processing methods, facilitating accurate and direct diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease.

Radiation dose analysis of computed tomography coronary angiography in Children with Kawasaki disease

BACKGROUND There is evolving role of computed tomography coronary angiography(CTCA)in non-invasive evaluation of coronary artery abnormalities in children with Kawasaki disease(KD).Despite this,there is lack of data on radiation dose in this group of children undergoing CTCA.AIM To audit the radiation dose of CTCA in children with KD.METHODS Study(December 2013-February 2018)was performed on dual source CT scanner using adaptive prospective electrocardiography-triggering.The dose length product(DLP in milligray-centimeters-mGy.cm)was recorded.Effective radiation dose(millisieverts-mSv)was calculated by applying appropriate age adjusted conversion factors as per recommendations of International Commission on Radiological Protection.Radiation dose was compared across the groups(0-1,1-5,5-10,and>10 years).RESULTS Eighty-five children(71 boys,14 girls)with KD underwent CTCA.The median age was 5 years(range,2 mo-11 years).Median DLP and effective dose was 21 mGy.cm,interquartile ranges(IQR)=15(13,28)and 0.83 mSv,IQR=0.33(0.68,1.01)respectively.Mean DLP increased significantly across the age groups.Mean effective dose in infants(0.63 mSv)was significantly lower than the other age groups(1-5 years 0.85 mSv,5-10 years 1.04 mSv,and>10 years 1.38 mSv)(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the effective dose between the other groups of children.All the CTCA studies were of diagnostic quality.No child required a repeat examination.CONCLUSION CTCA is feasible with submillisievert radiation dose in most children with KD.Thus,CTCA has the potential to be an important adjunctive imaging modality in children with KD.

Application of an Advanced Image-Based Virtual Monoenergetic Reconstruction of Dual Source Dual-Energy CT Data at Low keV Increases Image Quality for Esophageal Cancer Patients Imaging

Purpose: To explore the significance of dual-source computed tomography (DECT) virtual monoenergetic reconstructions technology in improving the imaging quality of esophageal cancer patients. Materials and methods: 68 patients with clinically suspected esophageal cancer (all confirmed by pathology) were collected. Routine plain scan was performed with SIEMENS Force dual-energy CT and then dual-phase scans were performed. The venous phase images were respectively subjected to traditional virtual monoenergetic reconstructions (Mono_E) and new generation virtual monoenergetic reconstructions (Mono+). Mono_E 55 keV and Mono+ 55 keV virtual single-energy images were obtained respectively. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of normal esophageal tissue and esophageal cancer lesions, noise and contrast noise ratio (CNR tumor) of normal esophageal tissue and esophageal cancer lesions were compared among 100 kV images, Mono_E images and Mono+ images. At the same time, two imaging physicians read the films and scored the images of each group by using a 5-point scoring method. Results: Mono+ 55 keV images, SNR, SNRtumor, noise and CNRtumor were statistically different from those of 100 kV images and Mono_E images (P < 0.05). And Mono+ 55 keV images also had the highest subjective score, with statistical significance (P 55 keV images had the best quality. Conclusion: The new generation of virtual monoenergetic reconstructions post-processing (Mono+) could reduce image noise and improve the contrast between esophageal cancer lesions and normal esophageal tissues, which was of great significance to improve the imaging quality of esophageal cancer patients and improve the early detection rate of esophageal cancer.

Significance of an Advanced Image-Based Virtual Monoenergetic Reconstruction of Dual Source Dual-Energy CT Data at Low keV Increases Image Quality for Portal Vein System of Pancreatic Cancer Patients

Purpose: To explore the significance of dual-source computed tomography (DECT) virtual monoenergetic reconstructions technology in improving image quality for portal vein system of pancreatic cancer patients. Materials and methods: 47 patients with clinically suspected pancreatic cancer (all confirmed by pathology) were collected. Routine plain scan was performed with Siemens Force dual-source dual-energy CT followed by 3 scans respectively carried out in arterial phase, portal phase and delayed phase. Traditional virtual monoenergetic reconstructions (Mono_E) and new generation of virtual monoenergetic reconstructions (Mono+) were respectively performed on portal vein images to obtain virtual single energy images including Mono_ E70 keV, Mono_E 55 keV and Mono+ 70 keV and Mono+ 55 keV. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and noise of portal vein, normal pancreatic tissues and pancreatic lesions of 100 kV, Mono_E and Mono+ images were compared. In addition, the contrast noise ratio of portal vein and lesions as well as pancreatic tissues and lesions (CNR PV, CNRtumor) were also compared. At the same time, two imaging physicians with rich clinical experiences read the films and scored the images of each group by using the 5-point scoring method. Results: Mono+ 55 keV images including SNRpv, SNRpanc, SNRtumor, Noise, CNRpv, CNRtumor were statistically different from 100 KV images and Mono_E images (P < 0.05). As for the subjective score, Mono+ 55 keV image score also had the highest score, which had statistical significance (P < 0.05). The results showed that Mono+ 55 keV images had the best quality. Conclusion: The new generation of virtual Mono+ post-treatment can reduce image noise. Low energy Mono+ images can improve the contrast between pancreatic cancer lesions and portal of pancreatic cancer patients.

Diagnostic Value of Prospective Electrocardiogram-triggered Dual-source Computed Tomography Angiography for Infants and Children with Interrupted Aortic Arch

Background：Accurate assessment of intra-as well as extra-cardiac malformations and radiation dosage concerns are especially crucial to infants and children with interrupted aortic arch （IAA）.The purpose of this study is to investigate the value of prospective electrocardiogram （ECG）-triggered dual-source computed tomography （DSCT） angiography with low-dosage techniques in the diagnosis of IAA.Methods：Thirteen patients with suspected IAA underwent prospective ECG-triggered DSCT scan and transthoracic echocardiography （TTE）.Surgery was performed on all the patients.A five-point scale was used to assess image quality.The diagnostic accuracy ofDSCT angiography and TTE was compared with the surgical findings as the reference standard.A nonparametric Chi-square test was used for comparative analysis.P＜0.05 was considered as a significant difference.The mean effective radiation dose （ED） was calculated.Results：Diagnostic DSCT images were obtained for all the patients.Thirteen IAA cases with 60 separate cardiovascular anomalies were confirmed by surgical findings.The diagnostic accuracy of TTE and DSCT for total cardiovascular malformations was 93.7％ and 97.9％ （P＞0.05）,and that for extra-cardiac vascular malformations was 92.3％ and 99.0％ （P ＜ 0.05）,respectively.The mean score of image quality was 3.77 ± 0.83.The mean ED was 0.30 ± 0.04 mSv （range from 0.23 mSv to 0.39 mSv）.Conclusions：In infants and children with IAA,prospective ECG-triggered DSCT with low radiation exposure and high diagnostic efficiency has higher accuracy compared to TTE in detection of extra-cardiac vascular anomalies.

国人内听道DSCT的解剖研究

目的应用双源CT(dual source computed tomography,DSCT)观察国人内听道的形态,并测量内听道各径线数值,探讨其临床应用价值。方法对正常志愿者402例804耳行颞骨薄层扫描,多平面重建,观察内听道的形态,并对各相关径线进行测量。结果内听道形态为平行管状699耳,喇叭口状53耳,壶腹状50耳,不规则型2耳。内听道长度为(9.810±1.830)mm,内听道底管径为(5.084±0.739)mm×(3.246±0.613)mm,中段管径为(5.044±0.956)mm×(4.228±0.791)mm,内耳门区前后径为(5.049±1.05)mm,内耳门区上下径为(5.657±1.196)mm。两侧内听道各测量数值统计学上无显著差异;男女之间有统计学差异,这与文献报道不同;部分年龄组之间也有统计学差异。结论DSCT薄层扫描后多平面重建可清楚显示内听道的形态,并能精确测量内听道的管径及长度,对活体解剖测量具有指导意义,为临床和影像检查提供诊断依据。

DSCT前门控技术在小儿肺动脉发育异常中的应用

目的:探讨双源CT(DSCT)前瞻性心电门控技术在小儿肺动脉发育异常中的临床应用价值。方法:对经胸壁超声心动图(TTE)检查拟诊为先天性心脏病合并肺动脉畸形的43例患儿,采用DSCT前门控扫描,根据患儿体重调节管电压和管电流。记录患儿受检的辐射剂量。以手术和(或)X线心血管造影(CAG)结果作为标准,计算DSCT前门控和TTE对肺动脉发育畸形的诊断准确率,利用X^2检验比较两者差异是否具有统计学意义。结果:DSCT前门控对肺动脉发育异常的诊断准确率为97.96%(48/49),TTE的准确率为73.47%(36/49),差异具有统计学意义(X^2=31.24,P<0.05)。DSCT前门控主观图像质量评分为4.20±0.80,平均有效辐射剂量为(0.38±0.08)mSv。结论:DSCT前门控可有效减低辐射剂量,是诊断小儿肺动脉发育异常合理有效的检查方法之一。

完全型肺静脉异位引流的DSCT诊断价值及研究进展

完全型肺静脉异位引流(TAPVC)指全部肺静脉未正常回流至左心房的一类左向右分流型先天性心脏病,约占新生儿先心病发病率的1%-3%,其多变的解剖类型及肺静脉狭窄程度直接影响病人的临床症状、外科修复方式及预后。双源CT(DSCT)因时间及空间分辨率高、明显减低的辐射剂量及强大的后处理功能,能对TAPVC患者异位肺静脉起源、走行路径、连接位置、血管床状态、其他伴发畸形及心腔大小进行详细评估,成为TAPVC术前、术后随访必要的无创性检查。本文现就TAPVC的发生发展、病理生理学改变及在DSCT检查中的影像特征、价值及研究进展做一简要综述。

西门子Force双源CT在冠脉CTA成像中的影响因素及解决方案

目的 探讨西门子Force双源CT在冠脉成像中的影响因素和解决方案。方法分析2 021年6月至2022年6月的冠脉CT影像学数据,随机抽取50位在西门子Force双源CT行冠脉CTA的患者作为对照组,观察组则由另50位改进扫描方案后进行检查的患者组成,对两组患者的冠脉成像合格率和图像质量进行比较,以及评估冠脉主要分支的信噪比,对比噪声比。结果 冠脉成像观察组的合格率98.7%大于对照组9 7.5%,观察组冠脉主要分支的信噪比均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(t=3.472,4.127,5.135, 2.205,4.546,3.722,2.544,2.771,P均<0.05)观察组冠脉主要分支的对比噪声比均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(t=2.164,2.986,6.341,3.085,3.272,2.713,3.520,2.835,P均<0.05)。结论 通过分析西门子Force双源CT冠脉成像的不利影响因素并改进扫描方案,可以有效提高冠脉CTA的图像质量,为临床提供了更可靠的依据。

超高分辨率冠状动脉CT血管造影的可行性和图像表征研究

目的评估CT(CT)在高冠状动脉钙负荷患者的超高分辨率冠状动脉计算机断层血管造影(CCTA)的可行性和质量。方法纳入20例患者接受PCDCCTA,使用离散视觉量表评估图像噪声和冠状动脉斑块和邻近血管腔,表征图像噪声纹理。结果CCTA在所有患者中都是可行的。在Bv40核和0.6 mm层厚重建的患者中,虚化伪影最大(55.2%±9.8%),血管锐度最低(477.1±73.6ΔHU/mm),信噪比最高(27.4±5.6),CNR最高(32.9±6.6),噪声最低(17.1±2.2 HU)。考虑到薄片厚度为0.2mm的重建,图像噪声、信噪比、CNR、血管清晰度和虚化伪影在不同核之间存在显著差异(P<0.001)。随着内核清晰度的提高,信噪比和CNR不断降低,图像噪声和血管清晰度增加,其中Bv89内核的清晰度最高(2383.4±787.1ΔHU/mm)。结论超高分辨率CCTA结合CT是可行的,可以实现钙化冠状动脉的可视化,图像质量好,清晰度高。

Diagnostic value of dual-source CT in Kawasaki disease

Background Doppler color echocardiography is a common method for detecting coronary artery lesions in patients with Kawasaki disease（KD）.However,the diagnostic accuracy for the whole coronary artery lesions is limited.The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic value of dual-source computed tomography （DSCT） and Doppler color echocardiography for the assessment of coronary artery lesions caused by KD.Methods Sixteen patients,12 with typical KD and 4 with atypical KD,underwent DSCT and Doppler color echocardiography.The position and internal diameter of each coronary artery lesion was measured.Correlation analysis was used to compare the diagnostic value of the two imaging modalities.Results ln the typical KD group, seven patients did not have any coronary artery Iesion as confirmed by both DSCT scans and Doppler color echocardiography;in four patients proximal coronary artery injuries were identified by both modalities;in one patient an aneurysm in the middle and distal segments of the coronary artery was detected by DSCT but was negative in Doppler color echocardiography.In the atypical KD group,three cases showed the same results with both modalities,while one case with coronary artery stenosis in the middle segment was identified by DSCT but not detected by Doppler color echocardiography.There was a good correlation between the two imaging modalities（Kappa value,0.768（≥0.75））.Conclusion DSCT coronary artery angiography is an accurate,non-invasive,and valuable technique for detecting and following up coronary artery lesions in patients with KD.

基于双源CT大螺距动脉晚期扫描进行左心耳影像学评估的临床应用

目的 探讨利用双源CT大螺距动脉晚期扫描进行左心耳(LAA)充盈程度评估及形态学测量的临床应用价值。方法 选取2022年6月至10月空军军医大学第二附属医院因心房颤动(AF)需要行LAA CT血管造影的患者80例,收集患者临床资料并行第二代双源CT大螺距Flash扫描模式,随机分为A组40例(动脉期扫描)和B组40例(动脉晚期扫描),所有患者均行双期扫描,间隔时间均为30 s。根据第1期LAA是否完全充盈分为LAA充盈组59例和未充盈组21例。记录患者接受的辐射剂量;测量LAA、同层面升主动脉(AA)、最大层面左心房(LA)共3个部位的CT值,同时测量LAA开口短径、长径、面积及LAA深度。结果 80例患者第1期辐射剂量为2.2(2.0,3.9)mSv、第1期+延迟期辐射剂量为2.7(2.4,4.8)mSv,第1期与第1期+延迟期扫描辐射剂量比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);B组LAAHU/AAHU、LAAHU/LAHU、第1期LAA充盈比例高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);LAA充盈组LAA开口长径、LAA开口短径、LAA开口面积、LAA深度低于LAA未充盈组,差异有统计学意义[(26.6±3.1)mm vs(30.1±2.8)mm,P<0.01;(20.8±2.9)mm vs(22.8±2.1)mm,P<0.01;(454.6±92.1)mm2vs(561.9±85.9)mm2,P<0.01;(35.8±4.8)mm vs(40.7±5.4)mm,P<0.01]。结论 采用双源CT大螺距Flash动脉晚期扫描,LAA完全充盈率大幅提高,缩短检查时间的同时降低了患者的辐射剂量,值得临床应用推广。

双源CT与超声心动图定量评价冠心病左心功能的比较研究

目的:以超声心动图为对照标准,探讨双源CT定量评价左心功能的可行性和准确性及其优势。方法:选取2011年1月～6月冠心病患者58例,其中合并II型糖尿病患者29例。全部病例于3天内行心脏双源CT及超声心动图检查。比较双源CT与超声心动图所测得的左心功能各参数。结果:双源CT和超声心动图所测左心功能各指标EDV、ESV、SV、EF相关性高(r=0.702～0.898),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两种方法所测冠心病合并II型糖尿病组左心功能指标EDV、ESV值均较非糖尿病组测值高,EF值较低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:两种方法评价左心功能相关性好,双源CT是一种评价左心功能准确可行的方法,一次冠状动脉造影所获得的数据,不但可评价左心功能,还可评价冠脉狭窄情况,无需额外增加对比剂和辐射剂量。

超声、腹部X线平片、双源CT诊断结肠肿瘤性肠梗阻的临床价值比较

目的比较研究超声、腹部X线平片、双源CT（DSCT）3种影像检查技术在结肠肿瘤性肠梗阻诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析2010年10月~2011年8月因腹痛至我院急诊科就诊,最后手术证实为结肠肿瘤性肠梗阻且术前均行腹部B超、X线平片及DSCT 3种检查的45例患者的临床资料,对诊断结果进行分析。结果 DSCT对结肠肿瘤性肠梗阻的诊断符合率明显高于超声（P〈0.01）与X线平片（P〈0.001）,对梗阻部位的判断正确率也优于超声（P〈0.01）和X线平片（P〈0.001）。DSCT在完成常规肠梗阻检查的基础上还能进行双能成像,取得患者的血管信息。结论与超声和X线平片相比,DSCT因其可通过三维重建获得更全面的信息对诊断结肠肿瘤性肠梗阻更为有效,尽管价格相对昂贵,但是不失为临床医生值得考虑的检查手段。综合运用上述三种检查手段,既能快速、准确解决肠梗阻的诊断问题,又能减轻患者的经济负担。

双源CT头颈部双能量血管成像的图像质量和辐射剂量

目的探索运用双源CT双能量技术行头颈部血管成像的图像质量及辐射剂量。方法回顾性分析双能量扫描方案(DE组)及传统单能量扫描方案(SE组)的头颈部CT血管造影病例各30例。记录扫描剂量,测量颈部及颅内动静脉(颈总动脉近分叉处、相邻颈内静脉、大脑中动脉M1段及乙状窦或窦汇)CT值,测量软组织(冈上肌及竖脊肌)感兴趣区的CT值及噪声。结果在颅内,两组的动脉强化与静脉污染程度相似(P=0.1427,P=0.1116)。在颈部,动脉强化程度相似(P=0.9414),DE组的静脉污染较明显(P<0.0001),但动脉平均CT值较静脉仍高127Hu。无论硬化线伪影存在与否,两组的软组织强化相似(P=0.0760,P=0.0793),DE组的噪声低于SE组(均P<0.0001)。比较骨减影动脉成像所需剂量,DE组较SE组低24%(P<0.0001)。结论 DE组与SE组的图像质量总体相仿。DE组颈部静脉污染较明显,但动脉仍可获得良好的对比显示。同样应用减影技术,DE组患者辐射剂量明显减少。双源CT双能量技术在头颈部血管成像具有良好的应用价值。

双源CT成像技术及其临床应用的新进展

双源CT是CT史上的新革命,开创了CT成像的新纪元。其核心技术有:零兆金属球管、电磁直接驱动技术、静音扫描技术、特殊散射线校正、重建技术及特殊的射线剂量调控技术,特别是适应性心电图门控剂量调控技术。双源CT具有两套数据采集系统,且呈垂直状态分布于机架内,机架只需旋转90°就能完成数据采集,实现了83 ms的恒定时间分辨率,可对不同心率的患者在不行任何心率干预的情况下,获得高质量的冠状动脉血管图像。另外,独特的双能量成像技术可用于去除骨骼及钙化、评价组织血流灌注以及鉴别组织成分,显示韧带和软骨等,拓宽了CT的临床应用价值。

先天性冠状动脉变异的双源CT冠状动脉成像

目的采用双源CT冠状动脉血管成像评价冠状动脉正常形态,分析冠状动脉先天性变异分支,提高临床手术指导作用。方法回顾2008年1月至2010年9月行双源CT检查的2530例受检者的影像资料,通过最大密度投影、多平面重组、曲面重建、容积再现后处理技术方法,对冠状动脉正常走向与变异进行分析。结果 225例患者检查显示冠状动脉先天变异284支。变异包括冠脉主干起源变异121例,其中右冠状动脉高位开口35例、左冠状动脉高位开口24例、右冠状动脉发自左冠状窦17例、左冠状动脉发自右冠状窦4例、左冠状动脉发自后冠状窦2例、单支冠状动脉2例、副冠状动脉37例;冠状动脉发育不良18例;冠状动脉瘘9例:右冠状动脉右室瘘4例、右冠状动脉肺动脉瘘2例、左冠状动脉右心室瘘2例、左冠状动脉肺动脉瘘1例;心肌桥—壁冠状动脉136例。1720例患者左窦房结动脉异常起源818例。结论双源CT冠状动脉血管造影可以提高冠状动脉先天性变异检出率,准确评价冠状动脉正常及变异改变,清晰显示变异血管分支细节,对手术治疗具有指导作用。

双源CT血管重建对胰腺癌可切除性的评估作用

目的探讨胰腺癌术前双源CT血管重建评估对手术可切除性及根治性切除率(R0切除)的影响。方法随机抽取我院2011年1月至2014年12月间行双源CT平扫+增强+血管重建后手术治疗的胰腺癌患者49例,设定为重建组(胰头癌29例,胰体尾癌20例);另随机选取我院2007年1月至2010年12月间行常规CT平扫+增强后手术治疗的55例胰腺癌患者设定为非重建组(胰头癌33例,胰体尾癌22例),分析两组的可切除率(所有入组病例均已排除远端转移和周围脏器浸润);对两组手术切除的患者进一步行R0切除率比较。结果就胰头癌而言,重建组手术切除率和阴性切缘率分别为82.8%(24/29)和87.5%(21/24),均显著高于非重建组63.6%(21/33)和76.2%(16/21)(x^2=22.41和15.73,P=0.001和0.002);对于胰体尾癌,重建组手术切除率和R0切除率分别为90%(18/20)和88.9%(16/18),均显著高于非重建组77.3%(17/22)和76.5%(13/17)(x2=13.1和12.56,P=0.004和0.01)。结论术前双源CT血管重建能够显著提高胰腺癌手术切除率和R0切除率,值得进一步临床推广。