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Effects of Fleckvieh on the Performance of Dual-Purpose Cattle Improved by Hybridization with Local Beef Cows
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作者 Wang Linfeng Yang Gaiqing +7 位作者 Lian Hongxia Yan Ping Liu Xian Liu Yan Wang Wenhui Zhu Ruiguang Li Ming Yang Guoyu 《Animal Husbandry and Feed Science》 CAS 2015年第6期322-326,357,共6页
[Objective] The paper aimed to study the improved effect of local beef cattle with Fleckvieh cattle and provide theoretical basic data for local cattle industry in central plain agricultural area in China. [Method] Wi... [Objective] The paper aimed to study the improved effect of local beef cattle with Fleckvieh cattle and provide theoretical basic data for local cattle industry in central plain agricultural area in China. [Method] With 500 local beef cattle as female parents and Fleckvieh cattle as male parents,hybridization improvement was conducted via artificial insemination. The growth performance,slaughter performance,milk performance and milk components of F1 and F2 hybrids were measured. [Result] The birth body weights of F2 were significantly higher than those of local beef cow,but there was no remarkable difference between F1 and local beef cow or F1 and F2. The growth rates of F1 and F2 at different stages were higher than those of local beef cattle. The slaughter performance,such as carcass weight( P < 0. 05),dressing percentage,net meat rate( P < 0. 05),marbling score of F1 and F2 were higher than those of local beef cow. Milk production performance,such as actual milk yield,305 d corrected milk yield and 4% standard milk yield of F2 were signally higher than those of F1 and local beef cattle( P< 0. 05),and F1 was markedly higher than local beef cattle( P < 0. 05). For milk composition,although milk fat percentage,milk protein rate,lactose rate and total solids( TS) of F1 and F2 were slightly lowered compared with local beef cattle at varying degrees,they were still at high levels compared with Holstein cows.[Conclusion]Fleckvieh cattle,as a male parent,can significantly improved growth performance,slaughter performance and milk performance of offsprings. It would also increases the economic efficiency of local beef cattle by higher quality and price,as well as changing production model from beef to dual purpose of beef and milk. 展开更多
关键词 dual-purpose cattle Hybridization and improvement Growth performance Production performance Milk quality
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Farm Technical Efficiency under the Seasonal Milk Production of the Dual-Purpose Cattle System in El Salvador
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作者 Wen-Chi Huang Angel Amed Duron-Benitez 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A)》 2014年第3期266-275,共10页
The objective of this research was to calculate the technical efficiency and its determinants in seasonal milk production of dual-purpose cattle system farms of El Salvador (DPCS). Seasons were classified as rainy ... The objective of this research was to calculate the technical efficiency and its determinants in seasonal milk production of dual-purpose cattle system farms of El Salvador (DPCS). Seasons were classified as rainy (May-October) and dry (November-April). The stochastic production frontier model through the Cobb-Douglas specification was used to provide the technical efficiency score and its determinants for the production data of the 2009 rainy season and the 2010 dry season of the DPCS farms from South East El Salvador. The results showed that the mean technical efficiency was 14% higher for the dry season than for the rainy season. Moreover, more farms obtained higher efficiency scores in the dry season. In the rainy season, milk production was attributed to labor and farmland, whereas in the dry season, it was attributed to the decrease of herd size. Therefore, we suggest adopting strategies such as increased cow productivity and improved feed quality to increase the overall technical efficiency of DPCS farms. 展开更多
关键词 dual-purpose cattle system technical efficiency rainy and dry season milk seasonality.
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Effect of the Technological Status of Small Cow-Calf Farm Producers on the Induction to Resumption of Ovarian Activity of Dual-Purpose Cattle Raised under Topical Conditions
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作者 Henry Velázquez Penagos Leticia Galindo Rodríguez +3 位作者 Manuel Barrientos Morales Carlos Salvador Galina Hidalgo Martín Guillermo Maquivar Linfoot Felipe Montiel Palacios 《Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine》 2020年第11期195-205,共11页
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of the technological level in small-scale dual-purpose cow-calf <em>Bos indicus</em> female operations on the resumption of the ovarian activity post... The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of the technological level in small-scale dual-purpose cow-calf <em>Bos indicus</em> female operations on the resumption of the ovarian activity post-partum. A total of 13 small scale dual-purpose <em>Bos indicus</em> × <em>Bos taurus</em> operations were included in this experiment and they were classified according to their technological status as: high technological status (HT), medium technological status (MT) and low technological status (LT). Ninety-three mature cows were treated with either a CIDR (controlled internal drug release device) with estradiol benzoate (CIDR+EB) or alone (CIDR). At day 9 all animals received intravaginally a CIDR for nine days. At day 0, the CIDR was withdrawn and 24 hours later one dose of estradiol benzoate was administered to 51 cows (17 in HT, 17 in MT and 17 in LT), the remaining animals (n = 42) did not receive the estradiol benzoate administration (14 in HT, 13 in MT and 15 in LT). Comparisons were performed on serum progesterone concentrations after CIDR treatment. By day 7 after implant withdrawal, the proportion of cows that resume ovarian activity detected by progesterone concentration increased in all technological level farms, no statistical main effect was observed within technological level. By day 17 there was a significant main effect of technological level (P = 0.05) on the proportion of animal that resumed the estrous cycles, but neither a main effect of treatment (P = 0.97) nor an interaction between technological level and treatment (P = 0.98). Furthermore, technological level of the farm showed a tendency (P = 0.07) to affect that resume the estrous activity, and a significant effect of treatment was observed (P = 0.005) but no interaction between technological level and treatment. The proportion of cows that showed estrus was different across technological level (P = 0.02), the highest proportion of cows showing estrus regardless of treatment was in the HT: 90% (40% CIDR and 50% CIDR+EB), MT: 50% (13.3% CIDR and 36.7% CIDR+EB) and in the LT: 50% (18.8% CIDR and 31.3% CIDR+EB). In conclusion, the combination of a progestogen and estradiol benzoate resulted in a high proportion of cows that were induced to resume the ovarian activity and this treatment was particularly beneficial in the medium and low technological status of the farms. 展开更多
关键词 cattle OVULATION Technological Level Small Cow-Calf Farm Producers
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Genetic Diversity and Ancestral History of the German Angler and the Red-and-White Dual-Purpose Cattle Breeds Assessed through Pedigree Analysis
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作者 Sowah Addo Jonas Schaler +1 位作者 Dirk Hinrichs Georg Thaller 《Agricultural Sciences》 2017年第9期1033-1047,共15页
Local cattle breeds continue to decline in numbers partly due to the use of high performing breeds in advanced production systems where genetic material of elite animals is widely spread. The objective of this study w... Local cattle breeds continue to decline in numbers partly due to the use of high performing breeds in advanced production systems where genetic material of elite animals is widely spread. The objective of this study was to assess the within and across breed genetic diversity of the Angler and Red-and-White dual-purpose (DP) cattle breeds applying different inbreeding concepts. Classical and ancestral inbreeding coefficients were computed from pedigree data using the gene dropping method. Effective population size was calculated based on the increase of classical inbreeding, and based on ancestral inbreeding to obtain what was termed as ancestral effective population size. Furthermore, the effective number of founders and ancestors were computed to assess the disequilibrium of founder contribution in the reference populations. The analyses were performed separately for each breed and for a combined dataset. The Angler pedigree was more complete (88%) in the first parental generation but completeness declined with increasing pedigree depth. Average classical inbreeding coefficients of inbred individuals were 2.19%, 1.94% and 2.07%, while average Ballou’s ancestral inbreeding coefficients were 3.69%, 1.39% and 2.21% for the Angler, Red-and-White DP and the combined breed pedigree analyses, respectively. Ancestral history coefficient is a novel coefficient and its estimates were similar and strongly correlated to Ballou’s coefficients (r = 0.99, p < 0.001). The effective population size estimates ranged from 156 to 170 for the classical inbreeding based method, and as low as from 50 to 54 for the ancestral history coefficient based method. The effective number of founders and ancestors ranged from 310 to 532, and 90 to 189, respectively. Our results show that the Red Holstein breed is a key progenitor of the breed populations under study. This highlights cross breeding schemes introduced to improve the milk trait performance of the Angler and Red-and-White DP breeds some decades ago. 展开更多
关键词 Ancestral Inbreeding Effective Population Size Pedigree Analysis Genetic Diversity Local cattle
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Prevalence and Distribution of Tick-Borne Hemoparasites in Cattle from the Noun and Ndé Divisions of the West Region, Cameroon
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作者 Rostand Cedric Pami Mbitkebeyo Kingsley Tanyi Manchang +1 位作者 Corinne Raïssa Ngnameko Geraud C. Tasse 《Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine》 CAS 2024年第8期193-202,共10页
Background and Objective: Tick-borne hemoparasitic illnesses pose a serious threat to the well-being and productivity of cattle. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of tick-borne hemoparasites in Cameroon, ... Background and Objective: Tick-borne hemoparasitic illnesses pose a serious threat to the well-being and productivity of cattle. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of tick-borne hemoparasites in Cameroon, with a specific focus on the Noun and Nde Divisions of the West Region. Methodology: A total of 423 cattle from 10 villages in both divisions were included in the study. Blood smears were prepared and subjected to microscopic screening for Babesia and Anaplasma parasites. Results: The prevalence of Anaplasma was found to be 23.4%, while Babesia exhibited a seroprevalence of 17.3%. Samples from Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD) and Koupa Ngangnou demonstrated significantly higher prevalence rates, potentially influenced by climate variations affecting tick populations. Additionally, 17.3% of the animals exhibited low hematocrit levels, indicative of anemia. No significant associations were observed between the presence of hemoparasite infection and cattle characteristics. Conclusion: This study provides fundamental data on the extensive distribution and impact of tick-borne hemoparasites in a significant cattle-producing region of Cameroon. 展开更多
关键词 TICK-BORNE Hemoparasites cattle PREVALENCE Cameroon
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Generation of double knockout cattle via CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein(RNP)electroporation
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作者 Gyeong-Min Gim Kyeong-Hyeon Eom +10 位作者 Dong-Hyeok Kwon Dae-Jin Jung Dae-Hyun Kim Jun-Koo Yi Jae-Jung Ha Ji-Hyun Lee Seong-Beom Lee Woo-Jae Son Soo-Young Yum Won-Wu Lee Goo Jang 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第1期456-462,共7页
Background Genome editing has been considered as powerful tool in agricultural fields.However,genome editing progress in cattle has not been fast as in other mammal species,for some disadvantages including long gestat... Background Genome editing has been considered as powerful tool in agricultural fields.However,genome editing progress in cattle has not been fast as in other mammal species,for some disadvantages including long gestational periods,single pregnancy,and high raising cost.Furthermore,technically demanding methods such as microinjection and somatic cell nuclear transfer(SCNT)are needed for gene editing in cattle.In this point of view,electroporation in embryos has been risen as an alternative.Results First,editing efficiency of our electroporation methods were tested for embryos.Presence of mutation on embryo was confirmed by T7E1 assay.With first combination,mutation rates for MSTN and PRNP were 57.6%±13.7%and 54.6%±13.5%,respectively.In case of MSTN/BLG,mutation rates were 83.9%±23.6%for MSTN,84.5%±18.0%for BLG.Afterwards,the double-KO embryos were transferred to surrogates and mutation rate was identified in resultant calves by targeted deep sequencing.Thirteen recipients were transferred for MSTN/PRNP,4 calves were delivered,and one calf underwent an induction for double KO.Ten surrogates were given double-KO embryos for MSTN/BLG,and four of the six calves that were born had mutations in both genes.Conclusions These data demonstrated that production of genome edited cattle via electroporation of RNP could be effectively applied.Finally,MSTN and PRNP from beef cattle and MSTN and BLG from dairy cattle have been born and they will be valuable resources for future precision breeding. 展开更多
关键词 BETA-LACTOGLOBULIN cattle CRISPR-Cas9 ELECTROPORATION KNOCKOUT MSTN PRNP
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Diet and monensin influence the temporal dynamics of the rumen microbiome in stocker and finishing cattle
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作者 Jianmin Chai Caleb P.Weiss +3 位作者 Paul A.Beck Wei Zhao Ying Li Jiangchao Zhao 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第2期733-748,共16页
Background Stocker cattle diet and management influence beef cattle performance during the finishing stage,but knowledge of the dynamics of the rumen microbiome associated with the host are lacking.A longitudinal stud... Background Stocker cattle diet and management influence beef cattle performance during the finishing stage,but knowledge of the dynamics of the rumen microbiome associated with the host are lacking.A longitudinal study was conducted to determine how the feeding strategy from the stocker to the finishing stages of production affects the temporal dynamics of rumen microbiota.During the stocker phase,either dry hay or wheat pasture were provided,and three levels of monensin were administrated.All calves were then transported to a feedlot and received similar finishing diets with or without monensin.Rumen microbial samples were collected on d 0,28,85 during the stocker stage(S0,S28 and S85)and d 0,14,28,56,30 d before slaughter and the end of the trial during the finishing stage(F0,F14,F28,F56,Pre-Ba,and Final).The V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene of 263 rumen samples was sequenced.Results Higher alpha diversity,including the number of observed bacterial features and the Shannon index,was observed in the stocker phase compared to the finishing phase.The bacterial amplicon sequence variants(ASVs)differentiating different sampling time points were identified.Dietary treatments during the stocker stage temporally impact the dynamics of rumen microbiota.For example,shared bacteria,including Bacteroidales(ASV19)and Streptococcus infantarius(ASV94),were significantly higher in hay rumen on S28,S85,and F0,while Bacteroidaceae(ASV11)and Limivicinus(ASV15)were more abundant in wheat.Monensin affected rumen microbial composition at a specific time.Transportation to feedlot significantly influenced microbiome structure and diversity in hay-fed calves.Bacterial taxa associated with body weight were classified,and core microbiotas interacted with each other during the trial.Conclusions In summary,the temporal dynamics of the rumen microbiome in cattle at the stocker and finishing stage are influenced by multiple factors of the feeding strategy.Diet at the stocker phase may temporarily affect the microbial composition during this stage.Modulating the rumen microbiome in the steers at the stocker stage affects the microbial interactions and performance in the finishing stage. 展开更多
关键词 Beef cattle DIET Feedlot phase MONENSIN Next-generation sequencing Rumen microbiota Stocker
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Application of Artificial Insemination in Selective Breeding of Native Beef Cattle in Wenzhou
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作者 Ye Chaoqun Liu Junyu +7 位作者 Lv Caihao Liu Xuyan Fu Hao Chen Tianmeng Xu Zijing Xu Da Wu Changhuie Xu Hongxi 《Animal Husbandry and Feed Science》 CAS 2024年第1期9-12,共4页
[Objective]The paper was to improve the quality and growth rate of native yellow cattle in Wenzhou.[Method]Three groups of cattle were subjected to artificial insemination using frozen semen from Wagyu bull.The groups... [Objective]The paper was to improve the quality and growth rate of native yellow cattle in Wenzhou.[Method]Three groups of cattle were subjected to artificial insemination using frozen semen from Wagyu bull.The groups consisted of 20 native yellow cattle,20 Angus catle,and 20 Luxi yellow cattle.The heifers were subsequently evaluated for body size and body weight,and underwent treatment with estrus synchronization,artificial insemination,and early pregnancy diagnosis.[Result]The mean body size and body weight of native yellow cattle were found to be significantly lower than those of Angus cattle and Luxi yellow cattle(P<0.05).The estrus synchronization rate and mating rate of native yellow cattle were both 100%,while the corresponding rates for Angus cattle and Luxi yellow cattle were 90%and 95%,respectively.The ultrasound examination conducted on the 32m day following the mating revealed a distinct image of gestation sac,which,when considered alongside the findings of the rectal examination,may be indicative of pregnancy.The conception rates were 75%,72%,and 74%for native yllow cattle,Angus cattle,and Luxi yellow cattle,respectively.[Conclusion]The reproductive performance of native beef cattle is relatively superior. 展开更多
关键词 Native cattle in Wenzhou Angus cattle Luxi yellow cattle Artificial insemination Estrus synchronization Fertilization rate
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Re-identifying beef cattle using improved AlignedReID++
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作者 YING Xiaoyi ZHAO Jizheng +7 位作者 YANG Lingling ZHOU Xinyi WANG Lei GAO Yannian ZAN Linsen YANG Wucai LIU Han SONG Huaibo 《农业工程学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第18期132-146,共15页
Accurate and continuous identification of individual cattle is crucial to precision farming in recent years.It is also the prerequisite to monitor the individual feed intake and feeding time of beef cattle at medium t... Accurate and continuous identification of individual cattle is crucial to precision farming in recent years.It is also the prerequisite to monitor the individual feed intake and feeding time of beef cattle at medium to long distances over different cameras.However,beef cattle can tend to frequently move and change their feeding position during feeding.Furthermore,the great variations in their head direction and complex environments(light,occlusion,and background)can also lead to some difficulties in the recognition,particularly for the bio-similarities among individual cattle.Among them,AlignedReID++model is characterized by both global and local information for image matching.In particular,the dynamically matching local information(DMLI)algorithm has been introduced into the local branch to automatically align the horizontal local information.In this research,the AlignedReID++model was utilized and improved to achieve the better performance in cattle re-identification(ReID).Initially,triplet attention(TA)modules were integrated into the BottleNecks of ResNet50 Backbone.The feature extraction was then enhanced through cross-dimensional interactions with the minimal computational overhead.Since the TA modules in AlignedReID++baseline model increased the model size and floating point operations(FLOPs)by 0.005 M and 0.05 G,the rank-1 accuracy and mean average precision(mAP)were improved by 1.0 percentage points and 2.94 percentage points,respectively.Specifically,the rank-1 accuracies were outperformed by 0.86 percentage points and 0.12 percentage points,respectively,compared with the convolution block attention module(CBAM)and efficient channel attention(ECA)modules,although 0.94 percentage points were lower than that of squeeze-and-excitation(SE)modules.The mAP metric values were exceeded by 0.22,0.86 and 0.12 percentage points,respectively,compared with the SE,CBAM,and ECA modules.Additionally,the Cross-Entropy Loss function was replaced with the CosFace Loss function in the global branch of baseline model.CosFace Loss and Hard Triplet Loss were jointly employed to train the baseline model for the better identification on the similar individuals.AlignedReID++with CosFace Loss was outperformed the baseline model by 0.24 and 0.92 percentage points in the rank-1 accuracy and mAP,respectively,whereas,AlignedReID++with ArcFace Loss was exceeded by 0.36 and 0.56 percentage points,respectively.The improved model with the TA modules and CosFace Loss was achieved in a rank-1 accuracy of 94.42%,rank-5 accuracy of 98.78%,rank-10 accuracy of 99.34%,mAP of 63.90%,FLOPs of 5.45 G,frames per second(FPS)of 5.64,and model size of 23.78 M.The rank-1 accuracies were exceeded by 1.84,4.72,0.76 and 5.36 percentage points,respectively,compared with the baseline model,part-based convolutional baseline(PCB),multiple granularity network(MGN),and relation-aware global attention(RGA),while the mAP metrics were surpassed 6.42,5.86,4.30 and 7.38 percentage points,respectively.Meanwhile,the rank-1 accuracy was 0.98 percentage points lower than TransReID,but the mAP metric was exceeded by 3.90 percentage points.Moreover,the FLOPs of improved model were only 0.05 G larger than that of baseline model,while smaller than those of PCB,MGN,RGA,and TransReID by 0.68,6.51,25.4,and 16.55 G,respectively.The model size of improved model was 23.78 M,which was smaller than those of the baseline model,PCB,MGN,RGA,and TransReID by 0.03,2.33,45.06,14.53 and 62.85 M,respectively.The inference speed of improved model on a CPU was lower than those of PCB,MGN,and baseline model,but higher than TransReID and RGA.The t-SNE feature embedding visualization demonstrated that the global and local features were achieve in the better intra-class compactness and inter-class variability.Therefore,the improved model can be expected to effectively re-identify the beef cattle in natural environments of breeding farm,in order to monitor the individual feed intake and feeding time. 展开更多
关键词 method IDENTIFY beef cattle precision livestock re-identification AlignedReID++ deep learning
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Comparison of methods for deriving phenotypes from incomplete observation data with an application to age at puberty in dairy cattle
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作者 Melissa A.Stephen Chris R.Burke +5 位作者 Jennie E.Pryce Nicole M.Steele Peter R.Amer Susanne Meier Claire V.C.Phyn Dorian J.Garrick 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第2期535-545,共11页
Background Many phenotypes in animal breeding are derived from incomplete measures,especially if they are challenging or expensive to measure precisely.Examples include time-dependent traits such as reproductive statu... Background Many phenotypes in animal breeding are derived from incomplete measures,especially if they are challenging or expensive to measure precisely.Examples include time-dependent traits such as reproductive status,or lifespan.Incomplete measures for these traits result in phenotypes that are subject to left-,interval-and rightcensoring,where phenotypes are only known to fall below an upper bound,between a lower and upper bound,or above a lower bound respectively.Here we compare three methods for deriving phenotypes from incomplete data using age at first elevation(>1 ng/mL)in blood plasma progesterone(AGEP4),which generally coincides with onset of puberty,as an example trait.Methods We produced AGEP4 phenotypes from three blood samples collected at about 30-day intervals from approximately 5,000 Holstein–Friesian or Holstein–Friesian×Jersey cross-bred dairy heifers managed in 54 seasonal-calving,pasture-based herds in New Zealand.We used these actual data to simulate 7 different visit scenarios,increasing the extent of censoring by disregarding data from one or two of the three visits.Three methods for deriving phenotypes from these data were explored:1)ordinal categorical variables which were analysed using categorical threshold analysis;2)continuous variables,with a penalty of 31 d assigned to right-censored phenotypes;and 3)continuous variables,sampled from within a lower and upper bound using a data augmentation approach.Results Credibility intervals for heritability estimations overlapped across all methods and visit scenarios,but estimated heritabilities tended to be higher when left censoring was reduced.For sires with at least 5 daughters,the correlations between estimated breeding values(EBVs)from our three-visit scenario and each reduced data scenario varied by method,ranging from 0.65 to 0.95.The estimated breed effects also varied by method,but breed differences were smaller as phenotype censoring increased.Conclusion Our results indicate that using some methods,phenotypes derived from one observation per offspring for a time-dependent trait such as AGEP4 may provide comparable sire rankings to three observations per offspring.This has implications for the design of large-scale phenotyping initiatives where animal breeders aim to estimate variance parameters and estimated breeding values(EBVs)for phenotypes that are challenging to measure or prohibitively expensive. 展开更多
关键词 cattle Gibbs sampler Markov-chain Monte Carlo(MCMC) Puberty
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Analysis on the Impact of Cattle Fattening Technology on Farmer Households in Atabae Timor-Leste
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作者 Marcolino Estevão Fernandes E. Brito Vicente de Paulo Correia +1 位作者 Carlos da Conceicão de Deus Mateus de Jesus Gomes 《Agricultural Sciences》 2024年第4期399-407,共9页
Agriculture is one of the priority sectors in Timor-Leste. Introducing new agriculture technology is crucial to enhance agricultural production. Practicing cattle fattening can increase beef cattle body weight and gen... Agriculture is one of the priority sectors in Timor-Leste. Introducing new agriculture technology is crucial to enhance agricultural production. Practicing cattle fattening can increase beef cattle body weight and generate income to the beef cattle farmers. As farmers face problems including agricultural production decline, lack of forages and information and weather unfavourable. The study’s purpose was to examine the impact of adoption of cattle fattening technology on farmer households in Atabae administrative post, Bobonaro municipality in Timor-Leste. There were 200 beef cattle farmers households where randomly selected in four villages in Atabae. It consisted of 65 farmers practicing cattle fattening and 135 farmers non-practicing cattle fattening. Face to face interviews used structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis such as t-test and descriptive analysis were used to examine impact adoption of cattle fattening technology by farmers and factor constraints of cattle production and the solutions of it. The results indicated the average value of cattle and profit were significant different from zero and it is associated with practicing of cattle fattening. The average of labour used on cattle activities, the average of cattle sold, and total cost spent on cattle were not significant different from zero. The percentage of farmers said that factors constraints cattle production were shortage of water and forage (53%) and spend time on culture ceremony and lack of capital (33%). The number of farmers said that they collected water from river, feed cattle with sago and forage (55.3%) and cultivated forage (23.4%). This finding contributes information to the farmers, traders, and Timorese government to continue implementing cattle fattening activities as it enhances farmers’ income and developing cattle production. 展开更多
关键词 cattle Production Adoption of cattle Fattening Technology and cattle Farmer Households
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Cattle Production and Lumpy Skin Disease of Smallholder Farmers in Svay Rieng Province
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作者 Kimeang Chay Tola Ka +2 位作者 Sokun Khoeun Chann Bun Kouch Theng 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B)》 2024年第1期39-46,共8页
The cattle production in Romeas Haek district,Svay Rieng province,was developed remarkably,since there were some households raising cattle in large number,more than 20 heads.The grazing method of cattle was tethering ... The cattle production in Romeas Haek district,Svay Rieng province,was developed remarkably,since there were some households raising cattle in large number,more than 20 heads.The grazing method of cattle was tethering and free grassing in the commune grass,since the natural grass and rice straw were the main source of cattle feed,however some of them supplemented their cattle with crop-byproducts,planting grass or concentrated feed.For the majority,BCS(Body Condition Scoring)of the cattle in those areas was 3 accounting for 52%-73.33%,but it was found the thin cattle has low BCS of 2 accounting for 11.11%to 40.00%and also fat cattle has BCS of 4 up to 27.78%.However,the average BCS varied with village which ranged from 2.68 to 3.17,but is not different in term of commune and sex of cattle.Besides facing with shortage of feed,the experience with diseases was also another concern,since 85.71%to 95.83%of the households faced this problem last year.Among the clinical signs found,lumpy skin was 100%,i.e.no one escaped from this problem,thus making them aware of vaccinating their cattle against some diseases such as FMD(Foot and Mouth Disease),HS(Hemorrhagic Septicemia)and LSD(Lumpy Skin Disease),but mostly vaccination was used against FMD.Because the LSD has occurred in these areas since 2020,then the seroprevalence was found in high positive up to 72.62%by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA)test.This positive rate was also varying by villages,ranging from 53.3%to 94.44%.But there was no association between positive cattle with commune,BCS,sex and age of cattle.In conclusion,the cattle production in Romeas Haek district,Svay Rieng province had developed markedly,however the shortage of feed and disease occurrence are the main challenges for farmer cattle producers,especially LSD outbreak last year.However,most of the farmers have been aware of the benefit of vaccination and had vaccinated their cattle against those main disease,such as FMD,HS and LSD. 展开更多
关键词 cattle production lumpy skin smallholder farmers seroprevalance
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Harnessing male germline epigenomics for the genetic improvement in cattle 被引量:1
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作者 Xiao Wang Wenlong Li +4 位作者 Xia Feng Jianbin Li George E.Liu Lingzhao Fang Ying Yu 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第5期1834-1853,共20页
Sperm is essential for successful artificial insemination in dairy cattle,and its quality can be influenced by both epi-genetic modification and epigenetic inheritance.The bovine germline differentiation is characteri... Sperm is essential for successful artificial insemination in dairy cattle,and its quality can be influenced by both epi-genetic modification and epigenetic inheritance.The bovine germline differentiation is characterized by epigenetic reprogramming,while intergenerational and transgenerational epigenetic inheritance can influence the offspring’s development through the transmission of epigenetic features to the offspring via the germline.Therefore,the selec-tion of bulls with superior sperm quality for the production and fertility traits requires a better understanding of the epigenetic mechanism and more accurate identifications of epigenetic biomarkers.We have comprehensively reviewed the current progress in the studies of bovine sperm epigenome in terms of both resources and biological discovery in order to provide perspectives on how to harness this valuable information for genetic improvement in the cattle breeding industry. 展开更多
关键词 Artificial insemination cattle Epigenetic inheritance Genetic improvement Germline epigenomics
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Dynamic chromatin architectures provide insights into the genetics of cattle myogenesis 被引量:1
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作者 Jie Cheng Xiukai Cao +8 位作者 Xiaogang Wang Jian Wang Binglin Yue Wei Sun Yongzhen Huang Xianyong Lan Gang Ren Chuzhao Lei Hong Chen 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第4期1344-1362,共19页
Background Sharply increased beef consumption is propelling the genetic improvement projects of beef cattle in China.Three-dimensional genome structure is confirmed to be an important layer of transcription regulation... Background Sharply increased beef consumption is propelling the genetic improvement projects of beef cattle in China.Three-dimensional genome structure is confirmed to be an important layer of transcription regulation.Although genome-wide interaction data of several livestock species have already been produced,the genome structure states and its regulatory rules in cattle muscle are still limited.Results Here we present the first 3D genome data in Longissimus dorsi muscle of fetal and adult cattle(Bos taurus).We showed that compartments,topologically associating domains(TADs),and loop undergo re-organization and the structure dynamics were consistent with transcriptomic divergence during muscle development.Furthermore,we annotated cis-regulatory elements in cattle genome during myogenesis and demonstrated the enrichments of promoter and enhancer in selection sweeps.We further validated the regulatory function of one HMGA2 intronic enhancer near a strong sweep region on primary bovine myoblast proliferation.Conclusions Our data provide key insights of the regulatory function of high order chromatin structure and cattle myogenic biology,which will benefit the progress of genetic improvement of beef cattle. 展开更多
关键词 cattle Cis-regulatory elements MUSCLE Selection sweep 3D genome
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Investigating Prevalence of Bovine Tuberculosis in Cattle in an Agro-Pastoral Community in Awdal Region, Somaliland
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作者 Amina Husein Mohamed Abdullahi Sheikh Mohamed +4 位作者 Ahmed Mohamed Ali Osman Abdullahi Farah Muse Mohamed Awaleh Mustafe Ahmed Ismail Fred Wesonga 《Journal of Tuberculosis Research》 2023年第3期139-147,共9页
Awdal region is the most northwesterly province of Somaliland. The region is one of the agro-pastoral livelihood zones in Somaliland, where farming and agricultural production are the predominant livelihood sources. I... Awdal region is the most northwesterly province of Somaliland. The region is one of the agro-pastoral livelihood zones in Somaliland, where farming and agricultural production are the predominant livelihood sources. IGAD (Intergovernmental Authority on Development) Sheikh Technical University of Science (ISTUS) worked to study the prevalence of Bovine Tuberculosis (TB) among cattle in Awdal region of Somaliland. The aim was to inform public health and Veterinary experts on having one-health approach to infectious diseases among humans and animals. The serum that was stored at -20?C was transported to IGAD Sheikh Technical University of Science (ISTUS) for further analysis using BOVIGAM serological test (Sandwich ELISA). The results indicate that Bovine Tuberculosis is highly prevalent in the study area (10.1%). The high prevalence recorded in the current study could be due to the consumption of raw milk and lack of proper control strategies in place to control the transmission of the disease between animals, between animals and wildlife and between animals and humans. Hence, an awareness creation campaign should be created on bTB transmission and its public health significance to cattle owners, milk and meat consumers and people who are in close proximity to cattle. In addition, testing and eradication programme should be implemented where applicable. 展开更多
关键词 Awdal Bovigam Bovine Tuberculosis cattle PREVALENCE
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The eQTL colocalization and transcriptome‑wide association study identify potentially causal genes responsible for economic traits in Simmental beef cattle
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作者 Wentao Cai Yapeng Zhang +9 位作者 Tianpeng Chang Zezhao Wang Bo Zhu Yan Chen Xue Gao Lingyang Xu Lupei Zhang Huijiang Gao Jiuzhou Song Junya Li 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第5期1909-1925,共17页
Background A detailed understanding of genetic variants that affect beef merit helps maximize the efficiency of breeding for improved production merit in beef cattle.To prioritize the putative variants and genes,we ra... Background A detailed understanding of genetic variants that affect beef merit helps maximize the efficiency of breeding for improved production merit in beef cattle.To prioritize the putative variants and genes,we ran a com-prehensive genome-wide association studies(GWAS)analysis for 21 agronomic traits using imputed whole-genome variants in Simmental beef cattle.Then,we applied expression quantitative trait loci(eQTL)mapping between the genotype variants and transcriptome of three tissues(longissimus dorsi muscle,backfat,and liver)in 120 cattle.Results We identified 1,580 association signals for 21 beef agronomic traits using GWAS.We then illuminated 854,498 cis-eQTLs for 6,017 genes and 46,970 trans-eQTLs for 1,903 genes in three tissues and built a synergistic network by integrating transcriptomics with agronomic traits.These cis-eQTLs were preferentially close to the transcription start site and enriched in functional regulatory regions.We observed an average of 43.5%improvement in cis-eQTL discovery using multi-tissue eQTL mapping.Fine-mapping analysis revealed that 111,192,and 194 variants were most likely to be causative to regulate gene expression in backfat,liver,and muscle,respectively.The transcriptome-wide association studies identified 722 genes significantly associated with 11 agronomic traits.Via the colocalization and Mendelian randomization analyses,we found that eQTLs of several genes were associated with the GWAS signals of agronomic traits in three tissues,which included genes,such as NADSYN1,NDUFS3,LTF and KIFC2 in liver,GRAMD1C,TMTC2 and ZNF613 in backfat,as well as TIGAR,NDUFS3 and L3HYPDH in muscle that could serve as the candidate genes for economic traits.Conclusions The extensive atlas of GWAS,eQTL,fine-mapping,and transcriptome-wide association studies aid in the suggestion of potentially functional variants and genes in cattle agronomic traits and will be an invaluable source for genomics and breeding in beef cattle. 展开更多
关键词 cattle COLOCALIZATION eQTL mapping GWAS TWAS
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Molecular evidence and phylogenetic delineation of spotted fever group Rickettsia species in Amblyomma ticks from cattle in Gauteng and Limpopo Provinces,South Africa
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作者 Keneilwe Mhlambo Benson C Iweriebor +2 位作者 Nqobile Mkolo K O Afolabi Larry C Obi 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine》 SCIE CAS 2023年第8期371-378,共8页
Objective:To determine the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens with a particular focus on Rickettsia spp.in ticks collected from cattle in Gauteng and Limpopo Provinces,South Africa.Methods:A total of 200 ticks were co... Objective:To determine the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens with a particular focus on Rickettsia spp.in ticks collected from cattle in Gauteng and Limpopo Provinces,South Africa.Methods:A total of 200 ticks were collected from cattle within the Madala livestock,Pretoria,Gauteng Province and in Mankweng Township,Polokwane,Limpopo Province in 2019.The ticks were morphologically identified and processed individually for a total genomic DNA extraction.Specific primers targetting ompA,ompB,and the 17KDa genes were used for a molecular screening and delineation of Rickettsia from the extracted genetic materials using polymerase chain reaction(PCR)technique.PCR amplicons of positive samples were sequenced bidirectionally using the Sanger sequencing method.Sequences generated were processed and analysed using appropriate bioinformatics software.Results:The ticks were morphologically identified as Amblyomma spp.PCR profiling of the genomic DNA samples revealed the presence of the Rickettsia pathogen in 42(21%)of the ticks collected from both Provinces.Out of the genes profiled,14(7%)were positive for 17KDa,42(21%)for ompA and 32(16%)were positive for ompB genes respectively.The nucleotide blast of the sequenced genomes showed high similarity,as high as 100% with other reference Rickettsia(R.)africae in the GenBank.The phylogenetic analysis of the sequences further validated them as R.africae with their characteristic clustering pattern with related reference sequences.Conclusions:There is an abundance of R.africae in Amblyomma ticks collected from cattle in the study areas.This has serious public health implications as individuals who accidentally get infested with the ticks could acquire R.africae.Hence,adequate precautions in terms of sensitization of farmers about the risk and mass mobilization drive to control the vectors in the areas are highly recommended to safeguard public health. 展开更多
关键词 Amblyomma ticks Tick-borne pathogen RICKETTSIA cattle South Africa
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Risk factors associated with Salmonella in dairy cattle farms in Henan and Hubei provinces,China
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作者 Jie Wang Xiaojie Zhu +7 位作者 Yuxi Zhao Yongkang Xue Zhen Zhang Lei Yan Yingyu Chen Ian D.Robertson Aizhen Guo Joshua W.Aleri 《Animal Diseases》 CAS 2023年第4期256-264,共9页
A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the risk factors associated with the Salmonella infection status of dairy herds in Henan and Hubei provinces,China.Herds were assigned a Salmonella status based on the... A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the risk factors associated with the Salmonella infection status of dairy herds in Henan and Hubei provinces,China.Herds were assigned a Salmonella status based on the isolation of Salmonella from fecal samples obtained from adult lactating dairy cows.Information on potential biosecurity risk factors was collected using a questionnaire template via a 15-min face-to-face interview with dairy cattle producers from May 2020 to March 2021.The questionnaire consisted of 23 questions across two broad categories of potential biosecurity risk factors:farm and biosecurity managemental factors.A total of 48 farms were surveyed.In all(100%,48/48)of the surveyed farms,although sick animals were separated from healthy animals using fencing,there were no strict quarantine protocols for newly introduced animals.Mixed species rearing was practiced in 35.4%(17/48)of the farms.Feces were removed more than once a day in 45.8%(22/48)of the farms,whereas the remainder(54.2%,26/48)only removed animal feces once a day.A total of 29.2%(14/48)of the farms were located<2 km from other livestock farms.The use of personal protective equipment was consistently performed on all farms,with a major-ity of the workers on most farms(81.3%,39/48)always disinfecting footwear before entering production areas.A significant association between Salmonella-positive status and the high frequency of the presence of wildlife(birds and rodents in sheds and feed storage places)was recorded(OR:11.9,95%Cl:1.7,84.1,p=0.013).Fortunately,no farms shared farm equipment with other farms.The study highlights the occurrence of wildlife as a risk factor for the presence of Salmonella in investigated dairy herds.There is a need to institute appropriate on-farm control measures for wild birds and rodents to control the potential spread of Salmonella in dairy production systems. 展开更多
关键词 cattle Management practices Risk factors SALMONELLA
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Signatures of positive selection for local adaptation of African native cattle populations:A review
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作者 Wondossen AYALEW WU Xiao-yun +4 位作者 Getinet Mekuriaw TAREKEGN CHU Min LIANG Chun-nian Tesfaye SISAY TESSEMA YAN Ping 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第7期1967-1984,共18页
Cattle are central to the lives and diverse cultures of African people.It has played a crucial role in providing valuable protein for billions of households and sources of income and employment for producers and other... Cattle are central to the lives and diverse cultures of African people.It has played a crucial role in providing valuable protein for billions of households and sources of income and employment for producers and other actors in the livestock value chains.The long-term natural selection of African cattle typically signals signatures in the genome,contributes to high genetic differentiations across breeds.This has enabled them to develop unique adaptive traits to cope with inadequate feed supply,high temperatures,high internal and external parasites,and diseases.However,these unique cattle genetic resources are threatened by indiscriminate cross-breeding,breed replacements with exotic cosmopolitan breeds,and climate change pressures.Although there are no functional genomics studies,recent advancements in genotyping and sequencing technologies have identified and annotated limited functional genes and causal variants associated with unique adaptive and economical traits of African cattle populations.These genome-wide variants serve as candidates for breed improvement and support conservation efforts for endangered cattle breeds against future climate changes.Therefore,this review plans to collate comprehensive information on the identified selection footprints to support genomic studies in African cattle to confirm the validity of the results and provide a framework for further genetic association and QTL fine mapping studies. 展开更多
关键词 adaptive trait African cattle production traits reproduction traits
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Prevalence of Tick Infestations and Tick-Borne Diseases in Cattle in Cameroon
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作者 Hamidou Hayatou Félix Meutchieye +3 位作者 Fatima Ezzahra Amarir Abdelkbir Rhalem Mohammed Bouslikhane Julius Awah-Ndukum 《Open Journal of Animal Sciences》 2023年第4期560-573,共14页
Ticks induce huge production and economic losses in the livestock industry and create serious environmental, animal and human health problems. The study was carried out to characterize tick species and determine the p... Ticks induce huge production and economic losses in the livestock industry and create serious environmental, animal and human health problems. The study was carried out to characterize tick species and determine the prevalence of tick infestation and tick-borne diseases in cattle in Cameroon. Tick and blood samples were collected from a total of 742 animals and analyzed to determine the type of tick and haemoparasites using standard procedures. Overall, four tick species namely Amblyomma variegatum (75.09%), Rhipicephalus microplus (19.43%), Rhipicephalus decoloratus (0.88%) and Hyalomma marginatum (0.18%) and six blood disease agents including Anapalasma marginale (11.29%), Ehrlichia ruminantium (3.52%), Babesia bovis (1.32%), Babesia major (0.44%), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (0.29%) and Dermatophilus congolensis (3.37%). Various co-infections were recorded and the predominant associations were Amblyomma variegatum-Rhipicephalus microplus (4.06%) and Amblyomma variegatum-Hyalomma marginatum (0.36%);Anaplasma-Ehrlichia (12%), Anaplasma-Dematophylus (8%), Babesia-Anaplasma-Ehrlichia (14%) and Babesia-Anaplasma-Ehrlichia-Dermato-phylus (5%). Breed, sex, age and locality significantly influenced the rate of tick infestation while locality, breed and age significantly influenced the detection of blood disease agents in the study. 展开更多
关键词 PREVALENCE TICK Blood Disease cattle Cameroon
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