Insights on advanced g‐C_(3)N_(4)in energy storage:Applications,challenges,and future

Graphitic carbon nitride(g‐C_(3)N_(4))is a highly recognized two‐dimensional semiconductor material known for its exceptional chemical and physical stability,environmental friendliness,and pollution‐free advantages.These remarkable properties have sparked extensive research in the field of energy storage.This review paper presents the latest advances in the utilization of g‐C_(3)N_(4)in various energy storage technologies,including lithium‐ion batteries,lithium‐sulfur batteries,sodium‐ion batteries,potassium‐ion batteries,and supercapacitors.One of the key strengths of g‐C_(3)N_(4)lies in its simple preparation process along with the ease of optimizing its material structure.It possesses abundant amino and Lewis basic groups,as well as a high density of nitrogen,enabling efficient charge transfer and electrolyte solution penetration.Moreover,the graphite‐like layered structure and the presence of largeπbonds in g‐C_(3)N_(4)contribute to its versatility in preparing multifunctional materials with different dimensions,element and group doping,and conjugated systems.These characteristics open up possibilities for expanding its application in energy storage devices.This article comprehensively reviews the research progress on g‐C_(3)N_(4)in energy storage and highlights its potential for future applications in this field.By exploring the advantages and unique features of g‐C_(3)N_(4),this paper provides valuable insights into harnessing the full potential of this material for energy storage applications.

In situ luminescence measurements of GaN/Al_(2)O_(3) film under different energy proton irradiations

Ion beam-induced luminescence(IBIL) experiments were performed to investigate the in situ luminescence of GaN/Al_(2)O_(3) at varying ion energies,which allowed for the measurement of defects at different depths within the material.The energies of H^(+)were set to 500 keV,640 keV and 2 MeV,the Bragg peaks of which correspond to the GaN film,GaN/Al_(2)O_(3) heterojunction and Al_(2)O_(3) substrate,respectively.A photoluminescence measurement at 250 K was also performed for comparison,during which only near band edge(NBE) and yellow band luminescence in the GaN film were observed.The evolution of the luminescence of the NBE and yellow band in the GaN film was discussed,and both exhibited a decrease with the fluence of H^(+).Additionally,the luminescence of F centers,induced by oxygen vacancies,and Cr^(3+),resulting from the ^(2)E →^(4)A_(2) radiative transition in Al_(2)O_(3),were measured using 2 MeV H^(+).The luminescence intensity of F centers increases gradually with the fluence of H^(+).The luminescence evolution of Cr^(3+)is consistent with a yellow band center,attributed to its weak intensity,and it is situated within the emission band of the yellow band in the GaN film.Our results show that IBIL measurement can effectively detect the luminescence behavior of multilayer films by adjusting the ion energy.Luminescence measurement can be excited by various techniques,but IBIL can satisfy in situ luminescence measurement,and multilayer structural materials of tens of micrometers can be measured through IBIL by adjusting the energy of the inducing ions.The evolution of defects at different layers with ion fluence can be obtained.

Dy^(3+)/Eu^(3+)双掺杂CaLaGa_(3)O_(7)颜色可调荧光粉的制备与发光性能

本文采用高温固相法成功制备了一系列Eu^(3+)单掺和Dy^(3+)/Eu^(3+)双掺CaLaGa_(3)O_(7)单基质荧光粉。通过X射线衍射和发射光谱对荧光粉的物相及发光性能进行了表征。结果表明,所制备的样品均为四方结构,与基质晶体一致,表明成功合成了Eu^(3+)单掺和Dy^(3+)/Eu^(3+)双掺杂的CaLaGa_(3)O_(7)荧光粉。在波长393 nm近紫外光激发下,Eu^(3+)∶CaLaGa_(3)O_(7)表现出Eu^(3+)的特征红光发射(5 D0→7 F2),并且发光纯度高达100%。共掺Dy^(3+)之后,Dy^(3+)/Eu^(3+)双掺CaLaGa_(3)O_(7)荧光粉不仅可以被波长393 nm的光激发还可以被波长348 nm的光激发。不管是哪个波长的光激发,Dy^(3+)/Eu^(3+)∶CaLaGa_(3)O_(7)发射光谱同时包含了Eu^(3+)的特征红光发射和Dy^(3+)的特征黄光发射(4 F_(9/2)→6 H_(13/2))。通过对发射谱和荧光寿命分析得出,双掺荧光粉中Dy^(3+)和Eu^(3+)之间存在有效的能量传递过程。进一步计算了各个样品对应的色坐标,结果表明当激发波长由348 nm改变为393 nm时,色坐标整体上从黄绿色区域移动到黄橙光区域。因此,Dy^(3+)/Eu^(3+)∶CaLaGa_(3)O_(7)是一种光色可调发光材料,在显示和固态照明方面具有良好的应用前景。

SrLaLiTeO_(6):Dy^(3+),Eu^(3+)荧光粉的制备及发光性能研究

白光发光二极管(LED)的商业合成方案缺少红光成分,导致合成的白光色温较高、显色性差,因此开发性能优异的单相暖白光荧光粉成为白光LED领域研究的重要课题。以Dy^(3+)和Eu^(3+)为掺杂剂,SrLaLiTeO_(6)(SLLT)为基质,采用固相反应法制备了SrLaLiTeO6:Dy^(3+),Eu^(3+)无机荧光粉,并通过X射线衍射仪、荧光分光光度计和色度坐标分析荧光粉的晶体结构及光学性能。结果表明:Dy^(3+)和Eu^(3+)成功进入SLLT晶体,无杂质产生;SLLT:0.07Dy^(3+),yEu^(3+)荧光粉在351 nm激发下能够同时发射蓝、黄、红光,证明了Dy^(3+)和Eu^(3+)之间存在能量传递,弥补了单掺Dy^(3+)荧光粉缺乏红色发射的缺陷;Eu^(3+)离子最佳掺杂浓度为0.05,此时的色度坐标为(0.391 9,0.380 9),色温为3 733 K,接近暖白光区域。因此,SrLaLiTeO_(6):Dy^(3+),Eu^(3+)荧光粉是一种性能优异的暖白光LED荧光粉。

溶胶-凝胶法制备Gd_(4)Ga_(2)O_(9):Dy^(3+)白光发射荧光粉及其性能

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了具有白光发射的Gd_(4)Ga_(2)O_(9):x%Dy^(3+)荧光粉,利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)和荧光光谱等对产物的物相结构、形貌、组分和光学性能进行研究,并分析了Dy^(3+)掺杂量对样品的影响。XRD结果表明,所制备的样品为Dy^(3+)掺杂的Gd_(4)Ga_(2)O_(9)单斜晶体和少量Ga_(2)O_(3)杂质相的混合物。紫外-可见漫反射光谱结果表明制备的Dy^(3+)掺杂Gd_(4)Ga_(2)O_(9)晶体是一种光学带隙为5.29 eV的直接带隙半导体。荧光检测结果表明Dy^(3+)掺杂Gd_(4)Ga_(2)O_(9)荧光粉可被属于Gd^(3+)激发带的275 nm紫外光有效激发,并在490 nm和575 nm附近分别发射出属于Dy^(3+)的^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(15/2)和^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(13/2)跃迁的蓝色和黄色的强烈光,证实在Gd_(4)Ga_(2)O_(9):Dy^(3+)样品中存在显著的由Gd^(3+)到Dy^(3+)的能量传递发光现象。同时,对其发光机制进行了讨论。样品的发光强度随着Dy^(3+)掺杂量的变化而变化,同时影响着样品的发光颜色,Dy^(3+)掺杂量为1.5%和2%时制备的荧光粉可在紫外光激发下分别发射出CIE色坐标为(0.3362,0.3512)和(0.3381,0.3523)、相关色温为5340 K和5263 K的白色光。研究结果表明Gd_(4)Ga_(2)O_(9):Dy^(3+)是一种潜在的紫外光激发白光发射荧光材料。

Polypyride intercalation boosting the kinetics and stability of V_(3)O_(7)·H_(2)O cathodes for aqueous zinc-ion batteries

V_(3)O_(7)·H_(2)O(VO)is a high capacity cathode material in the field of aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs),but it is limited by slow ion migration and low electrical conductivity.In this paper,polypyridine(PPyd)intercalated VO with nanoribbon structure was prepared by a simple in-situ pre-intercalation,which is noted VO-PPyd.The total density of states(TDOS)shows that after the pre-intercalation of PPyd,an intermediate energy level appears between the valence band and conduction band,which provides a step that can effectively reduce the band gap and enhance the electron conductivity.Furthermore,the density functional theory(DFT)results found that Zn^(2+)is more easily de-intercalated from the V-O skeleton,which proves that the embeddedness of PPyd improves the diffusion kinetics of Zn^(2+).Electrochemical studies have shown that VO-PPyd cathode materials exhibit excellent rate performance(high specific capacity of 465 and 192 mA h g^(-1)at 0.2 and 10 A g^(-1),respectively)and long-term cycling performance(92.7%capacity retention rate after 5300 cycles),due to their advantages in structure and composition.More importantly,the energy density of VO-PPyd//Zn at 581 and 5806 W kg^(-1)is 375 and 247 W h kg^(-1),respectively.VO-PPyd exhibits excellent electrochemical properties compared to previously reported vanadium based cathodes,which makes it highly competitive in the field of high-performance cathode materials of AZIBs.

Solid-state NMR study on sodium intercalation at low voltage window for Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) as an anode

In-situ XRD,^(31)P NMR and ^(23)Na NMR were used to analyze the interaction behavior of Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) at low voltage,and then a new intercalation model was proposed.During the transition from Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) to Na_(4)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3),Na ions insert into M1,M2 and M3 sites simultaneously.Afterwards,during the transition of Na_(4)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)to Na_(5)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3),Na ions mainly insert into M3 site.

Robust Cross-Linked Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(2)F_(3) Full Sodium-Ion Batteries

Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have rapidly risen to the forefront of energy storage systems as a promising supplementary for Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(2)F_(3)(NVPF)as a common cathode of SIBs,features the merits of high operating voltage,small volume change and favorable specific energy density.However,it suffers from poor cycling stability and rate performance induced by its low intrinsic conductivity.Herein,we propose an ingenious strategy targeting superior SIBs through cross-linked NVPF with multi-dimensional nanocarbon frameworks composed of amorphous carbon and carbon nanotubes(NVPF@C@CNTs).This rational design ensures favorable particle size for shortened sodium ion transmission pathway as well as improved electronic transfer network,thus leading to enhanced charge transfer kinetics and superior cycling stability.Benefited from this unique structure,significantly improved electrochemical properties are obtained,including high specific capacity(126.9 mAh g^(-1)at 1 C,1 C=128 mA g^(-1))and remarkably improved long-term cycling stability with 93.9%capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 20 C.The energy density of 286.8 Wh kg^(-1)can be reached for full cells with hard carbon as anode(NVPF@C@CNTs//HC).Additionally,the electrochemical performance of the full cell at high temperature is also investigated(95.3 mAh g^(-1)after 100 cycles at 1 C at 50℃).Such nanoscale dual-carbon networks engineering and thorough discussion of ion diffusion kinetics might make contributions to accelerating the process of phosphate cathodes in SIBs for large-scale energy storages.

Interfacial built-in electric field and crosslinking pathways enabling WS_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) heterojunction with robust sodium storage at low temperature

Developing efficient energy storage for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)by creating high-performance heterojunctions and understanding their interfacial interaction at the atomic/molecular level holds promise but is also challenging.Besides,sluggish reaction kinetics at low temperatures restrict the operation of SIBs in cold climates.Herein,cross-linking nanoarchitectonics of WS_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) heterojunction,featuring built-in electric field(BIEF),have been developed,employing as a model to reveal the positive effect of heterojunction design and BIEF for modifying the reaction kinetics and electrochemical activity.Particularly,the theoretical analysis manifests the discrepancy in work functions leads to the electronic flow from the electron-rich Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) to layered WS_(2),spontaneously forming the BIEF and“ion reservoir”at the heterogeneous interface.Besides,the generation of cross-linking pathways further promotes the transportation of electrons/ions,which guarantees rapid diffusion kinetics and excellent structure coupling.Consequently,superior sodium storage performance is obtained for the WS_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) heterojunction,with only 0.2%decay per cycle at 5.0 A g^(-1)(25℃)up to 1000 cycles and a high capacity of 293.5 mA h g^(-1)(0.1A g^(-1)after 100 cycles)even at-20℃.Importantly,the spontaneously formed BIEF,accompanied by“ion reservoir”,in heterojunction provides deep understandings of the correlation between structure fabricated and performance obtained.

Extending the solid solution range of sodium ferric pyrophosphate:Off‐stoichiometric Na_(3)Fe(2.5)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2)as a novel cathode for sodium‐ion batteries

Iron‐based pyrophosphates are attractive cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries due to their large framework,cost‐effectiveness,and high energy density.However,the understanding of the crystal structure is scarce and only a limited candidates have been reported so far.In this work,we found for the first time that a continuous solid solution,Na_(4−α)Fe_(2+α)_(2)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2)(0≤α≤1,could be obtained by mutual substitution of cations at center‐symmetric Na3 and Na4 sites while keeping the crystal building blocks of anionic P_(2)O_(7) unchanged.In particular,a novel off‐stoichiometric Na_(3)Fe(2.5)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2)is thus proposed,and its structure,energy storage mechanism,and electrochemical performance are extensively investigated to unveil the structure–function relationship.The as‐prepared off‐stoichiometric electrode delivers appealing performance with a reversible discharge capacity of 83 mAh g^(−1),a working voltage of 2.9 V(vs.Na^(+)/Na),the retention of 89.2%of the initial capacity after 500 cycles,and enhanced rate capability of 51 mAh g^(−1)at a current density of 1600 mA g^(−1).This research shows that sodium ferric pyrophosphate could form extended solid solution composition and promising phase is concealed in the range of Na_(4−α)Fe_(2+α)_(2)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2),offering more chances for exploration of new cathode materials for the construction of high‐performance SIBs.

Effects of anti-CD4 antibody treatment on calcium ions influx in peanut-sensitized C3H/HeJ mice

The precise mechanism underlying the effects of anti-CD4 antibody and calcium ions(Ca^(2+)) in peanut allergy remains unknown.C3 H/HeJ mice sensitized with peanut protein extract(PPE)were injected with anti-CD4 antibodies for 4 weeks.Stimulation with PPE increased the specific immunoglobulin E(IgE),cytokine,histamine,and mMcp-1 levels,upregulated decorin(Dcn)expression,induced Ca^(2+) inflow in the spleen,and augmented the expression of the transcription factors GATA-3 and Foxp3,which resulted in Th2 and Treg cell activation.Notably,the Ca^(2+) levels were positively correlated with the histamine,interleukin(IL)-4,IL-5,and IL-13 levels,and negatively correlated with IL-10 levels.However,administration of anti-CD4 antibodies markedly alleviated allergic symptoms,activated T cells,and reduced Ca^(2+) inflow,cytokine,histamine,mMcp-1,and the IgHG3,CXCLI2,MMP2 and FABP4 gene.Our results indicated that anti-CD4 antibodies can ameliorate PPE-induced allergy,which is probably related to the suppression of Ca^(2+) inflow,and inhibiting histamine,cytokine and IgHG3,CXCL12,MMP2,and FABP4,thus exerting a protective effect against PPEsensitized food allergy.

Luminescent Properties of Green Phosphor Ca_8Mg(SiO_4)_4Cl_2:Eu^(2+), Dy^(3+) for LED Applications

The new phosphor calcium magnesium chlorosilicate, codoped with Eu^2＋ and Dy^3＋, was synthesized with the help of the high temperature solid state reaction in reducing atmosphere. The excitation and emission spectra were very similar to that of Ca8Mg（SiO4）4Cl2 ：Eu^2＋, and the Dy^3＋ concentration influenced the emission intensity of this phosphor. The intensity of Eu^2＋ and Dy^3＋ codoped CMSC was stronger than that of Eu^2＋ singly doped CMSC. The emission spectrum of the Dy^3＋ ion overlapped the absorption band of the Eu^2＋ ion, indicating that an energy transfer from Dy^3＋ to Eu^2＋ took place in CMSC：Eu^2＋, Dy^3＋ phosphor. The mechanism of the energy transfer from Dy^3＋ tO Eu^2＋, in this phosphor, might be resonant energy transfer.

Photoluminescence of Dy^(3+) Ions in Ba_3La(BO_3)_3

The photoluminescence of Dy^(3+) doped and Dy^(3+), Ce^(3+) codoped in Ba_3La(BO_3)_3 were studied. The dependence of the charge-to-radius ratio (z/r) for RE^(3+)(RE=La, Ce), the Ce^(3+), Dy^(3+) content on the emission intensity and the yellow to blue intensity ratio (Y/B) of Dy^(3+) were investigated too. The results obtained indicate that Ce^(3+) can sensitize the luminescence of Dy^(3+). The optimum concentration of Dy^(3+) in Ba_3La(BO_3)_3 is x_(Dy)=0.06. According to the dependence of the concentration of Dy^(3+) in Ba_3La(BO_3)_3 under the excitation of 350 nm, it is confirmed that the mechanism of concentration selfquenching of Dy^(3+) () (()~4F_(9/2)→()~6H_(15/2),) (()~6H_(13/2)) transition is electric dipole-quadrupole interaction.

Interaction of Rare Earth Ions in Sr2MgSi2O7：Eu^2＋,Dy^3＋ Material

To discuss the function of Eu and Dy and their interaction in Sr2 Mg Si2O7：Eu^2＋,Dy^3＋ long afterglow material,the Eu and Dy single doped and their co-doped Sr2 Mg Si2O7：Eu^2＋,Dy^3＋ were prepared.The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）,decay curves,photoluminescence（PL）,and thermoluminescence（TL）.The results indicate that Sr2 Mg Si2O7：Eu has afterglow properties,and the doping of Eu ion in Sr2 Mg Si2O7：Eu^2＋,Dy^3＋ can lower the depth of traps.Eu ion can not only serve as luminescence center,but also produce traps in the matrix,meanwhile,it also exerts certain influences on the traps produced by Dy in Sr2 Mg Si2O7：Eu^2＋,Dy^3＋.The Dy ion can not act as luminescence center but relates to the change of the traps in the Sr2 Mg Si2O7 matrix.

Optics and Spectral Investigation in Dy^(3+)-Doped Borate Glasses

Dy^3＋-doped borate glasses （LBLB） with high effective visible fluorescence emission were synthesized. The absorption spectrum and fluorescence spectrum of this glass were measured and analyzed. By using J-O theory, the oscillator strengths for some absorption transitions were calculated according to the absorption spectra. The intensity parameters Ω1 （t = 2, 4, 6） of Dy^3＋ were determined by using a least-squares fitting approach, and the values are 4.04 × 10^-20, 1.30 × 10^-20 and 1.82 × 10^-20 cm, respectively. The root-mean-square deviation δrma was calculated. Under UV light excitation, Dy^3＋-doped borate glasses （LBLB） emit intense yellowish white lights. The excitation spectrum indicates that argon laser is the effective excitation source in Dy^3＋-doped LBLB glasses

Sb_(2)S_(3)/石墨烯负极材料的制备及其储钠性能研究

钠离子电池(sodium-ion batteries,SIBs)具有成本低的潜在优势,有望成为替代锂离子电池(lithium ion batteries,LIBs)的储能设备。为提升钠离子电池的性能,开发出适应钠离子脱嵌的负极材料尤为重要。硫化锑(Sb_(2)S_(3))因其理论比容量高被认为是较好的钠离子电池负极材料。本文使用简单水热法将Sb_(2)S_(3)与石墨烯复合,制备Sb_(2)S_(3)/石墨烯复合材料(Sb_(2)S_(3)/Gr)。结果表明:Sb_(2)S_(3)/Gr作为钠离子电池负极时,不仅表现出良好的电导率(3.5×10~(-3)S/cm)和钠离子扩散速率(4.853×10~(-13)cm~2/s),而且在0.5 A/g的电流密度下,首圈库伦效率为76.27%,经150次循环后的比容量稳定在488 m A·h/g,表现出较高的比容量。Sb_(2)S_(3)/Gr复合材料表现出了极大的应用潜力,为高性能钠离子电池负极材料的研发提供了一定的参考价值。

P2X7R过表达的巨噬细胞MSU晶体诱导痛风炎症反应过程中IL-1β、TNF-α、NLRP3表达观察

目的观察嘌呤能受体P2X配体门控离子通道7的配体(P2X7R)过表达白血病细胞诱导分化的巨噬细胞单钠尿酸盐(MSU)晶体诱导痛风炎症反应过程中NOD样受体家族3(NLRP3)蛋白、IL-1β、TNF-α表达情况。方法取人单核细胞白血病细胞系THP-1,并随机分为过表达组、空白组、模型组、对照组;过表达组和空白组分别转染P2X7R过表达质粒、空白载体质粒,转染5 d,将过表达组、空白组、模型组THP-1细胞用100 ng/mL的PMA刺激3 h后分化为巨噬细胞,另将MSU晶体用氢氧化钠溶解配制成浓度为100μg/mL的MSU乳糜状悬液加入培养液中孵育6 h;对照组正常培养。分别采用RT-PCR法和Western blot法测算巨噬细胞P2X7R mRNA、蛋白,ELISA法检测巨噬细胞上清液IL-1β、TNF-α,Western blot法测算巨噬细胞NOD样受体家族3(NLRP3)蛋白。结果与对照组比较,过表达组、空白组、模型组P2X7R mRNA和蛋白相对表达量升高,细胞上清液IL-1β、TNF-α水平升高,细胞NLRP3蛋白相对表达量升高(P均<0.05);与模型组、空白组比较,过表达组P2X7R mRNA、蛋白相对表达量升高,细胞上清液IL-1β、TNF-α水平升高,细胞NLRP3蛋白相对表达量升高(P均<0.05)。结论P2X7R过表达白血病细胞诱导分化的巨噬细胞MSU晶体诱导痛风炎症反应过程中IL-1β、TNF-α、NLRP3表达增加,IL-1β、TNF-α水平升高可能通过激活NLRP3蛋白来实现。

原子层沉积Al_(2)O_(3)对尖晶石LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4)正极材料的影响机理

为提升尖晶石相LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4)正极材料在深度荷电状态下的界面稳定性,采用原子层沉积法在单晶LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4)正极材料表面可控沉积了纳米级Al_(2)O_(3)层。改性后的LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4)正极材料表现出优异的长循环耐腐蚀性能(1C电流密度下循环500次的容量保持率高达94.7%)。进一步的表界面解析结果表明:原子层沉积技术构建的纳米级Al_(2)O_(3)包覆层能够明显抑制材料本体与电解液的腐蚀反应,降低过渡金属离子的不可逆溶解与析出;另外,基于HF表面刻蚀产生的AlF_(3)具有增强的耐刻蚀性能,可显著提升LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4)正极材料在长循环及高电压下的服役性能。

具有持续反应活性的g-C_(3)N_(4)/Sr_(2)MgSi_(2)O_(7):Eu^(2+),Dy^(3+)复合材料的光学-催化行为研究

为促进环境友好型光催化技术的应用推广,通过热解聚合方式将g-C3N4负载于多孔Sr_(2)MgSi_(2)O_(7):Eu^(2+),Dy^(3+)蓝色长余辉荧光粉上,制备具有持续反应活性的g-C_(3)N_(4)/Sr_(2)MgSi_(2)O_(7):Eu^(2+),Dy^(3+)复合材料。首次采用累积污染物降解效率等一系列指标评价材料在光照及暗态下综合去除污染物效果。通过微观表征手段和NO去除试验研究了单组分复配质量比对复合材料的光学及催化性能的影响。结果表明,g-C_(3)N_(4)的复合对Sr_(2)MgSi_(2)O_(7):Eu^(2+),Dy^(3+)的荧光强度和余辉性能产生了不利影响;但光照下,提高的光生载流子分离效率和光吸收能力使复合材料的光催化活性增强;暗态下,内在光源Sr_(2)MgSi_(2)O^(7):Eu^(2+),Dy^(3+)的存在赋予了复合材料持续去除NO的能力,该能力的持续时间与余辉亮度、光催化活性有关。本研究有助于推动持续活性光催化体系的发展。

Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)超薄纳米片高效率去除废水中重金属的研究

通过刻蚀剥离法制备了Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)超薄纳米片,探究了其对废水中重金属离子的吸附特性。通过SEM、XRD、AFM、FT-IR、Raman对Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)超薄纳米片的形貌和结构进行了表征,通过ICP-MS对处理前后水体中重金属离子的含量进行了测试。结果表明剥离的Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)超薄纳米片表面含有结构缺陷和羟基,当水体中Cu(Ⅱ)、Pb(Ⅱ)、Cr(Ⅵ)初始浓度为50 mg/L时,47.5 mg Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)超薄纳米片对其的去除效率高达90%以上,尤其是对Pb(Ⅱ)的去除效率达到了98.81%,吸附性能远高于大孔树脂、硅藻土和活性炭等常见吸附试剂。在Na(Ⅰ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Pb(Ⅱ)、Cr(Ⅵ)4种离子共存溶液中,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)超薄纳米片对于Pb(Ⅱ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的去除依然可以达到92%以上。通过动力学和吸附等温拟合,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)纳米片对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附符合拟二级动力学模型和Langmuir等温模型,对Pb(Ⅱ)的最大吸附量和最低检出限分别为81.7 mg/g和0.0094 mg/L。Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)超薄纳米片对重金属离子的吸附特性在化学工业、食品加工的废水处理中具有良好的应用前景。