The TiO_(2) with nanoparticles(NPs),nanowires(NWs),nanorods(NRs)and nanotubes(NTs)structures were prepared by using a in-situ hydrothermal technique,and then proposed as a photoanode for flexible dye-sensitized solar ...The TiO_(2) with nanoparticles(NPs),nanowires(NWs),nanorods(NRs)and nanotubes(NTs)structures were prepared by using a in-situ hydrothermal technique,and then proposed as a photoanode for flexible dye-sensitized solar cell(FDSSC).The influences of the morphology of TiO_(2) on the photovoltaic performances of FDSSCs were investigated.Under rear illumination of 100 mW·cm^(−2),the power conversion efficiencies of FDSSCs achieved 6.96%,7.36%,7.65%,and 7.83%with the TiO_(2) photoanodes of NPs,NWs,NRs,and NTs and PEDOT counter electrode.The FDSSCs based on TiO_(2) NRs and NTs photoanodes have higher short circuit current densities and power conversion efficiencies than that of the others.The enhanced power conversion efficiency is responsible for their nanotubes and rod-shaped ordered structures,which are more beneficial to transmission of electron and hole in semiconductor compared to the TiO_(2) nanoparticles and nanowires disordered structure.展开更多
The ZnO-modified TiO2 electrode was prepared by adding Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O to the TiO2 colloid during the sol-gel production process, and was used in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The open circuit voltage ...The ZnO-modified TiO2 electrode was prepared by adding Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O to the TiO2 colloid during the sol-gel production process, and was used in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The open circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (if) of the cells were improved sig- nificantly. The performances of the ZnO-modified TiO2 electrode such as dark current, transient photocurrent, impedance, absorption spectra, and fiat band potential (Vfb) were investigated. It is found that the interface charge recombination impedance increases and Vfb shifts about 200 mV toward the cathodic potential. The effect mechanism of ZnO modification on the performance of DSCs may be that ZnO occupies the surface states of the TiO2 film.展开更多
Unique ZnS nanobuns decorated with reduced graphene oxide (ROO) was synthesized and found to exhibit a synergetic effect as a highly efficient and low-cost counter electrode (CE) in dye-sensitized solar cells (D...Unique ZnS nanobuns decorated with reduced graphene oxide (ROO) was synthesized and found to exhibit a synergetic effect as a highly efficient and low-cost counter electrode (CE) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). Using this ZnS-ROO CE, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.03% was achieved. This value was 53% and 41 % higher than those of pure ZnS and ROO CEs, respectively. The ZnS-ROO nanocomposite is indeed an efficient and cost-effective Pt-like alternative for iodine reduction reaction.展开更多
New metal-free organic dye sensitizers containing mono-triphenylamine or bis-triphenylamine as the electron donor, a thiophene as the π-conjugated system, and a cyanoacrylic acid moiety as the electron acceptor were ...New metal-free organic dye sensitizers containing mono-triphenylamine or bis-triphenylamine as the electron donor, a thiophene as the π-conjugated system, and a cyanoacrylic acid moiety as the electron acceptor were synthesized. The optical and electrochemical properties of the dyes were investigated,and their performance as sensitizers in solar cells was evaluated. Dye-sensitized solar cells based on dye containing bis-triphenylamine as the electron donor produced a photon-to-current conversion efficiency of 6.06%(Jsc = 14.21 m A/cm;, Voc = 0.62 V, ff = 0.69) under 100 m W/cm;simulated AM 1.5 G solar irradiation(100 m W/cm;).展开更多
Herein,we examine the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells containing five D-π-A organic dyes designed by systematic modification of π-bridge size and geometric structure.Each dye has a simple push-pull structu...Herein,we examine the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells containing five D-π-A organic dyes designed by systematic modification of π-bridge size and geometric structure.Each dye has a simple push-pull structure with a triarylamino group as an electron donor,bithiophene-4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta 1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophene(M11),4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophenethiophene(M12),thiophene-4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophene(M13),4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophene-benzene(M14),and 4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophene(M15)units asπ-bridges,and cyanoacrylic acid as an electron acceptor/anchor.The extension of theπ-bridge linkage favors wide-range absorption but,because of the concomitant molecular volume increase,hinders the efficient adsorption of dyes on the TiO_(2) film surface.Hence,higher loadings are achieved for smaller dye molecules,resulting in(i)a shift of the TiO_(2) conduction band edge to more negative values,(ii)a greater photocurrent,and(iii)suppressed charge recombination between the photoanode and the redox couple in the electrolyte.Consequently,under one-sun equivalent illumination(AM 1.5 G,100 mW/cm^(2)),the highest photovoltage,photocurrent,and conversion efficiency(η=7.19%)are observed for M15,which has the smallest molecular volume among M series dyes.展开更多
Solid-state fiber dye-sensitized solar cells(SS-FDSSCs) have been the subject of intensive attention and development in recent years. Although this field is only in its infancy, metal–organic frameworks(MOFs) are one...Solid-state fiber dye-sensitized solar cells(SS-FDSSCs) have been the subject of intensive attention and development in recent years. Although this field is only in its infancy, metal–organic frameworks(MOFs) are one such material that has been utilized to further improve the power conversion efficiency of solar cells. In this study, MOF-integrated DSSCs were shown to have potential in the development of solar cell devices with efficiency comparable to or better than that of conventional solar cells. The power conversion efficiency(PCE) of SS-FDSSCs was improved by embedding MOF-801 into a mesoporous-TiO_(2)(mp-TiO_(2)) layer, which was used as a photoanode in SS-FDSSCs, which are inherently flexible. The PCE of the MOF-integrated SS-FDSSCs was 6.50%, which is comparable to that of the reference devices(4.19%).The MOF-801 enhanced SS-FDSSCs decreased the series resistance(R_(s)) value, resulting in effective electron extraction with improved short-circuit current density(J_(SC)), while also increasing the shunt resistance(R_(sh)) value to prevent the recombination of photo-induced electrons. The result is an improved fill factor and, consequently, a higher value for the PCE.展开更多
We applied the reduced graphene oxide/multi-walled carbon nanotubes/nickel oxide(RGO/MWCNTs/Ni O)nanocomposite as the counter electrode(CE) in dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs) on fluorine-doped tin oxide substrates b...We applied the reduced graphene oxide/multi-walled carbon nanotubes/nickel oxide(RGO/MWCNTs/Ni O)nanocomposite as the counter electrode(CE) in dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs) on fluorine-doped tin oxide substrates by blade doctor method. Power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 8.13 % was achieved for this DSSCs device, which is higher than that of DSSCs devices using Ni O, RGO, and RGO/Ni O-CE(PCE = 2.71 %, PCE = 6.77 % and PCE = 7.63 %). Also, the fill factor of the DSSCs devices using the RGO/MWCNTs/Ni O-CE was better than that of other CEs. The electron transfer measurement of cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that RGO/MWCNTs/Ni O film could provide fast electron transfer between the CE and the electrolyte, and high electrocatalytic activity for the reduction of triiodide in a CE based on RGO/MWCNTs/Ni O in a DSSC.展开更多
Platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs)/graphene composite materials are synthesized by a controlled chemical reduction of H2PtC16 on graphene sheets. The electrocatalytic activity of a PtNPs/graphene composite counter elect...Platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs)/graphene composite materials are synthesized by a controlled chemical reduction of H2PtC16 on graphene sheets. The electrocatalytic activity of a PtNPs/graphene composite counter electrode for a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is investigated. The results demonstrate that the PtNPs/graphene composite has high electrocatalytic activity for the dye-sensitized solar cell. The cell employing PtNPs (1.6 wt%)/graphene counter electrode reaches an conversion efficiency (η) of 3.89% upon the excitation of 100 mW/cm2 AM 1.5 white light, which is comparable to that of the cell with a Pt-film counter electrode (7 = 3.76%). It suggests that one can use only 14% Pt content of the conventional Pt-film counter electrode to obtain a comparable conversion efficiency. It may be possible to obtain a high performance DSSC using the PtNPs/graphene composite with a very low Pt content as a counter electrode due to its simplicity, low cost, and large scalability.展开更多
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are the most promising, low cost and most extensively investigated solar cells. They are famous for their clean and efficient solar energy conversion. Nevertheless this, long-time ...Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are the most promising, low cost and most extensively investigated solar cells. They are famous for their clean and efficient solar energy conversion. Nevertheless this, long-time sta- bility is still to be acquired. In recent years research on solid and quasi-solid state electrolytes is extensively in- creased. Various quasi-solid electrolytes, including composites polymer electrolytes, ionic liquid electrolytes, thermoplastic polymer electrolytes and thermosetting polymer electrolytes have been used. Performance and stability of a quasi-solid state electrolyte are between liquid and solid electrolytes. High photovoltaic performances of QS-DSSCs along better long-term stability can be obtained by designing and optimizing quasi-solid electrolytes. It is a prospective candidate for highly efficient and stable DSSCs.展开更多
Recent progress in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC) research is reviewed, focusing on atomic-scale investigations of the interface electronic structures and dynamical processes, including the structure of dye adsorp...Recent progress in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC) research is reviewed, focusing on atomic-scale investigations of the interface electronic structures and dynamical processes, including the structure of dye adsorption onto Ti02, ultrafast electron injection, hot-electron injection, multiple-exciton generation, and electron-hole recombination. Advanced exper- imental techniques and theoretical approaches are briefly summarized, and then progressive achievements in photovoltaic device optimization based on insights from atomic scale investigations are introduced. Finally, some challenges and oppor- tunities for further improvement of dye solar cells are presented.展开更多
This paper studies the light scattering and adsorption of nanocrystalline TiO2 porous films used in dye-sensitized solar cells composed of anatase and/or rutile particles by using an optical four-flux radiative transf...This paper studies the light scattering and adsorption of nanocrystalline TiO2 porous films used in dye-sensitized solar cells composed of anatase and/or rutile particles by using an optical four-flux radiative transfer model. These light properties are difficult to measure directly on the functioning solar cells and they can not be calculated easily from the first-principle computational or quantitative theoretical evaluations. These simulation results indicate that the light scattering of 1 25 nm TiO2 particles is negligible, but it is effective in the range of 80 and 180 nm. A suitable mixture of small particles (10 nm radius), which are resulted in a large effective surface, and of larger particles (150 nm radius), which are effective light scatterers, have the potential to enhance solar absorption significantly. The futile crystals have a larger refractive index and thus the light harvest of the mixtures of such larger rutile and relatively small anatase particles is improved in comparison with that of pure anatase films. The light absorption of the 10μm double-layered films is also examined. A maximal light absorption of double-layered film is gotten when the thickness of the first layer of 10 urn-sized anatase particles is comparable to that of the second larger rutile layer.展开更多
YiO2 nanorods have been prepared on ITO substrates by dc reactive magnetron sputtering technique. The hydroxyl groups have been introduced on the nanorods surface. The structure and the optical properties of these nan...YiO2 nanorods have been prepared on ITO substrates by dc reactive magnetron sputtering technique. The hydroxyl groups have been introduced on the nanorods surface. The structure and the optical properties of these nanorods have been studied. The dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been assembled using these TiO2 nanorods as photoelectrode. And the effect of the hydroxyl groups on the properties of the photoelectric conversion of the DSSCs has been studied.展开更多
Mesoporous carbon(MC) with surface area of 380 m^2/g was prepared and employed as the carbon support of Pt catalyst for counter electrode of dye-sensitized solar cells.Pt/MC samples containing 1 wt%Pt were prepared ...Mesoporous carbon(MC) with surface area of 380 m^2/g was prepared and employed as the carbon support of Pt catalyst for counter electrode of dye-sensitized solar cells.Pt/MC samples containing 1 wt%Pt were prepared by reducing chloroplatinic acid on MC using wet impregnation.It was found that Pt nanoparticles were uniform in size and highly dispersed on MC supports.The average size of Pt nanoparticles is about 3.4 nm.Pt/MC electrodes were fabricated by coating Pt/MC samples on fluorine-doped tin oxide glass.The overall conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells with Pt/MC counter electrode is 6.62%,which is higher than that of the cells with conventional Pt counter electrode in the same conditions.展开更多
Ensuring high power conversion efficiency,partially or completely replacing Pt electrodes with inexpensive materials is one of the important development directions of dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs).In this work,we ...Ensuring high power conversion efficiency,partially or completely replacing Pt electrodes with inexpensive materials is one of the important development directions of dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs).In this work,we have developed a threecomponent(MWCNTs,carbon black and graphite) carbon(tri-carbon) electrode material for DSSC devices combined with the advantages of high electron transfer kinetics of MWCNTs,plentiful catalytic sites in crystal edges of carbon black and superior electrical conductivity and catalytic activity of graphite.Using a tri-carbon electrode,a Pt electrode,and two N719-sensitized photoanodes,a parallel tandem dye-sensitized solar cells are assembled obtaining a high PCE of 10.26%(V_(OC)=0.70 V,J_(SC)=19.99 mA/cm~2,FF=73.33%).It opens up a new avenue for the development of low-cost and highperformance DSSCs.展开更多
A novel sunflower-like nanocomposite of SrCo_(2)S_(4)nanoflakes and functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes(f-MWCNTs)entanglement enveloped in nitrogen-reduced graphene oxide(N-RGO)is prepared by a cheap process.The...A novel sunflower-like nanocomposite of SrCo_(2)S_(4)nanoflakes and functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes(f-MWCNTs)entanglement enveloped in nitrogen-reduced graphene oxide(N-RGO)is prepared by a cheap process.The unique entanglement structure of the material exhibits higher specific surface area,better electrical conductivity and other properties.This helps to reduce the transfer resistance in the photoelectric process of the battery and improve the electrochemical activity,thus increasing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery.The new ternary cobalt-based sulfide material can replace platinum as the counter electrode(CE)material loaded on dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs).DSSCs with SrCo_(2)S_(4)@f-MWCNTs@N-RGO(SCS@f-M@N-R)as CE material show excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE,8.06%),even surpassing than that of Pt CE material(7.51%).The low cost,excellent electrocatalytic performance and simple preparation method of SCS@f-M@N-R nanomaterial provide feasibility for replacing platinum material as the CE material of DSSCs,which is of great significance and persuasion.展开更多
A series of guanidinium ionic liquids(GILs) was designed, synthesized, and used as electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs). The effect of electrolytes containing GILs on the photovoltaic performance of ...A series of guanidinium ionic liquids(GILs) was designed, synthesized, and used as electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs). The effect of electrolytes containing GILs on the photovoltaic performance of DSSCs was investigated. It is demonstrated that these GILs are promising for being used as electrolytes for DSSCs and a conversion efficiency of 4.1% can be obtained under AM 1.5 sun light irradiation.展开更多
The global increase in energy demand has resulted in the depletion of non-renewable resources and caused environmental degradation.Consequently,emerging renewable technologies are a potential solution to fulfil energy...The global increase in energy demand has resulted in the depletion of non-renewable resources and caused environmental degradation.Consequently,emerging renewable technologies are a potential solution to fulfil energy demand and mitigate the effect of global warming.Low-cost solar energy harvesting technologies are most feasible technologies.Various solar cells technologies have been developed with improved overall performance and conversion effi-ciency.However,due to low cost and a wide range of applications,dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs)have been immensely focused on one of the most promising third-generation solar cells.The highest conversion efficiency of DSSC achieved after three decades of research is more than 14%,but the commercialization of this technology is still a challenge.In this review paper,an attempt has been made to present the comparison of different articles published,that gives the in-depth study of recent developments in various types of DSSCs based on architectural assembly and physical appearance.An overview of the limitations and challenges with their possible improvement strategies have also been discussed.This review paper concludes that appropriate selection of electrolytes dramatically affects the performance of DSSC,and quasi-solid-state electrolyte proves to be a better option.Besides,it also concludes that tandem structures are widely agreed with the approach to expand light utilization spectrum for an overall increase in its performance.However,still,the research is required,which could efficiently widen the applications of the DSSCs.展开更多
Bipyridylporphyrin derivatives possessing a porphyrin moiety as the electron donor and bipyridyl moiety as the electron-acceptor were designed and synthesized for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The photo- physi...Bipyridylporphyrin derivatives possessing a porphyrin moiety as the electron donor and bipyridyl moiety as the electron-acceptor were designed and synthesized for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The photo- physical and electrochemical properties were investigated by absorption spectrometry and cyclic voltam- metry. Density functional theory (DFT) was employed to study electron distribution. From the photovoltaic performance measurements, a maximum conversion efficiency (η) of 0.38% was achieved based on the bipyridylporphyrin ruthenium dye A7 (Jsc = 1.33 mA/cm^2, Voc = 0.45 V, FF = 0.64) under 1,5 irradiation (100 mW/cm^2).展开更多
Since the prototype of a dye-sensitized solar cell(DSSC)was reported in 1991 by M. Gratzel,it has aroused intensive interest over the past decade due to its low cost and simple preparation procedure.The typical cell c...Since the prototype of a dye-sensitized solar cell(DSSC)was reported in 1991 by M. Gratzel,it has aroused intensive interest over the past decade due to its low cost and simple preparation procedure.The typical cell consists of a dye-coated mesoporous nanocrystalline TiO_2 film sandwiched between two transparent electroldes.A liquid electrolyte,traditionally containing the trioidide/iodide redox couple,fills the pores of the mesoporous nanocrystalline TiO_2 film and contacts the nanoparticles.Photoexcite...展开更多
A flexible counter electrode(CE) for dye-sensitized solar cells(DSCs) has been fabricated using a micro-porous polyvinylidene fluoride membrane as support media and sputtered Pt as the catalytic material.Non-conventio...A flexible counter electrode(CE) for dye-sensitized solar cells(DSCs) has been fabricated using a micro-porous polyvinylidene fluoride membrane as support media and sputtered Pt as the catalytic material.Non-conventional structure DSCs have been developed by the fabricated CEs. The Pt metal was sputtered onto one surface of the membrane as the catalytic material. DSCs were assembled by attaching the Ti O2 electrode to the membrane surface without Pt coating. The membrane was with cylindrical pore geometry. It served not only as a substrate for the CE but also as a spacer for the DSC. The fabricated DSC with the flexible membrane CE showed higher photocurrent density than the conventional sandwich devices based on chemically deposited Pt/FTO glass, achieving a photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 4.43%. The results provides useful information in investigation and development of stable, low-cost, simple-design, flexible and lightweight DSCs.展开更多
基金The authors are very grateful to the joint support by NSFC(No.61704047)This work is also supported by Science and Technology Development Project of Henan Province(Nos.212102210126 and 202300410057).
文摘The TiO_(2) with nanoparticles(NPs),nanowires(NWs),nanorods(NRs)and nanotubes(NTs)structures were prepared by using a in-situ hydrothermal technique,and then proposed as a photoanode for flexible dye-sensitized solar cell(FDSSC).The influences of the morphology of TiO_(2) on the photovoltaic performances of FDSSCs were investigated.Under rear illumination of 100 mW·cm^(−2),the power conversion efficiencies of FDSSCs achieved 6.96%,7.36%,7.65%,and 7.83%with the TiO_(2) photoanodes of NPs,NWs,NRs,and NTs and PEDOT counter electrode.The FDSSCs based on TiO_(2) NRs and NTs photoanodes have higher short circuit current densities and power conversion efficiencies than that of the others.The enhanced power conversion efficiency is responsible for their nanotubes and rod-shaped ordered structures,which are more beneficial to transmission of electron and hole in semiconductor compared to the TiO_(2) nanoparticles and nanowires disordered structure.
基金supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (No.2006CB202605)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50473055)
文摘The ZnO-modified TiO2 electrode was prepared by adding Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O to the TiO2 colloid during the sol-gel production process, and was used in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The open circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (if) of the cells were improved sig- nificantly. The performances of the ZnO-modified TiO2 electrode such as dark current, transient photocurrent, impedance, absorption spectra, and fiat band potential (Vfb) were investigated. It is found that the interface charge recombination impedance increases and Vfb shifts about 200 mV toward the cathodic potential. The effect mechanism of ZnO modification on the performance of DSCs may be that ZnO occupies the surface states of the TiO2 film.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51172102,51302125 and 51303076)
文摘Unique ZnS nanobuns decorated with reduced graphene oxide (ROO) was synthesized and found to exhibit a synergetic effect as a highly efficient and low-cost counter electrode (CE) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). Using this ZnS-ROO CE, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.03% was achieved. This value was 53% and 41 % higher than those of pure ZnS and ROO CEs, respectively. The ZnS-ROO nanocomposite is indeed an efficient and cost-effective Pt-like alternative for iodine reduction reaction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21273026 and 21572028) for their financial supportsupported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (DUT15LK37)the Outstanding Young Scholars Development Growth Plan of universities in Liaoning Province (LJQ2015027)
文摘New metal-free organic dye sensitizers containing mono-triphenylamine or bis-triphenylamine as the electron donor, a thiophene as the π-conjugated system, and a cyanoacrylic acid moiety as the electron acceptor were synthesized. The optical and electrochemical properties of the dyes were investigated,and their performance as sensitizers in solar cells was evaluated. Dye-sensitized solar cells based on dye containing bis-triphenylamine as the electron donor produced a photon-to-current conversion efficiency of 6.06%(Jsc = 14.21 m A/cm;, Voc = 0.62 V, ff = 0.69) under 100 m W/cm;simulated AM 1.5 G solar irradiation(100 m W/cm;).
基金supported by Basic Science Research through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(No.2017R1D1A1B03035077)also supported by Research Program(2018R1A2B2006708)+1 种基金Technology Development Program to Solve Climate Changes(2015M1A2A2057062)funded by the National Research Foundation under the Ministry of Science and ICT,Republic of Koreasupported by the Defense Challengeable Future Technology Program of the Agency for Defense Development,Republic of Korea。
文摘Herein,we examine the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells containing five D-π-A organic dyes designed by systematic modification of π-bridge size and geometric structure.Each dye has a simple push-pull structure with a triarylamino group as an electron donor,bithiophene-4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta 1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophene(M11),4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophenethiophene(M12),thiophene-4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophene(M13),4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophene-benzene(M14),and 4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophene(M15)units asπ-bridges,and cyanoacrylic acid as an electron acceptor/anchor.The extension of theπ-bridge linkage favors wide-range absorption but,because of the concomitant molecular volume increase,hinders the efficient adsorption of dyes on the TiO_(2) film surface.Hence,higher loadings are achieved for smaller dye molecules,resulting in(i)a shift of the TiO_(2) conduction band edge to more negative values,(ii)a greater photocurrent,and(iii)suppressed charge recombination between the photoanode and the redox couple in the electrolyte.Consequently,under one-sun equivalent illumination(AM 1.5 G,100 mW/cm^(2)),the highest photovoltage,photocurrent,and conversion efficiency(η=7.19%)are observed for M15,which has the smallest molecular volume among M series dyes.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Program(PNK 7350 and PNK 7340)of the Korea Institute of Materials Science(KIMS)the National Research Foundation(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MEST)(2021R1A2C2014192)。
文摘Solid-state fiber dye-sensitized solar cells(SS-FDSSCs) have been the subject of intensive attention and development in recent years. Although this field is only in its infancy, metal–organic frameworks(MOFs) are one such material that has been utilized to further improve the power conversion efficiency of solar cells. In this study, MOF-integrated DSSCs were shown to have potential in the development of solar cell devices with efficiency comparable to or better than that of conventional solar cells. The power conversion efficiency(PCE) of SS-FDSSCs was improved by embedding MOF-801 into a mesoporous-TiO_(2)(mp-TiO_(2)) layer, which was used as a photoanode in SS-FDSSCs, which are inherently flexible. The PCE of the MOF-integrated SS-FDSSCs was 6.50%, which is comparable to that of the reference devices(4.19%).The MOF-801 enhanced SS-FDSSCs decreased the series resistance(R_(s)) value, resulting in effective electron extraction with improved short-circuit current density(J_(SC)), while also increasing the shunt resistance(R_(sh)) value to prevent the recombination of photo-induced electrons. The result is an improved fill factor and, consequently, a higher value for the PCE.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program(2011CB933300)of Chinathe National Natural Science Foundation of China(11374110,11204093,51371085,and 11304106)
文摘We applied the reduced graphene oxide/multi-walled carbon nanotubes/nickel oxide(RGO/MWCNTs/Ni O)nanocomposite as the counter electrode(CE) in dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs) on fluorine-doped tin oxide substrates by blade doctor method. Power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 8.13 % was achieved for this DSSCs device, which is higher than that of DSSCs devices using Ni O, RGO, and RGO/Ni O-CE(PCE = 2.71 %, PCE = 6.77 % and PCE = 7.63 %). Also, the fill factor of the DSSCs devices using the RGO/MWCNTs/Ni O-CE was better than that of other CEs. The electron transfer measurement of cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that RGO/MWCNTs/Ni O film could provide fast electron transfer between the CE and the electrolyte, and high electrocatalytic activity for the reduction of triiodide in a CE based on RGO/MWCNTs/Ni O in a DSSC.
基金Project supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University,China (Grant No. NCET-10-0291)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China (Grant Nos. ZYGX2009X005 and ZYGX2010J031)+1 种基金the Startup Research Project of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (Grant No.Y02002010301041)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50832007,11074285,and 51202022)
文摘Platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs)/graphene composite materials are synthesized by a controlled chemical reduction of H2PtC16 on graphene sheets. The electrocatalytic activity of a PtNPs/graphene composite counter electrode for a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is investigated. The results demonstrate that the PtNPs/graphene composite has high electrocatalytic activity for the dye-sensitized solar cell. The cell employing PtNPs (1.6 wt%)/graphene counter electrode reaches an conversion efficiency (η) of 3.89% upon the excitation of 100 mW/cm2 AM 1.5 white light, which is comparable to that of the cell with a Pt-film counter electrode (7 = 3.76%). It suggests that one can use only 14% Pt content of the conventional Pt-film counter electrode to obtain a comparable conversion efficiency. It may be possible to obtain a high performance DSSC using the PtNPs/graphene composite with a very low Pt content as a counter electrode due to its simplicity, low cost, and large scalability.
文摘Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are the most promising, low cost and most extensively investigated solar cells. They are famous for their clean and efficient solar energy conversion. Nevertheless this, long-time sta- bility is still to be acquired. In recent years research on solid and quasi-solid state electrolytes is extensively in- creased. Various quasi-solid electrolytes, including composites polymer electrolytes, ionic liquid electrolytes, thermoplastic polymer electrolytes and thermosetting polymer electrolytes have been used. Performance and stability of a quasi-solid state electrolyte are between liquid and solid electrolytes. High photovoltaic performances of QS-DSSCs along better long-term stability can be obtained by designing and optimizing quasi-solid electrolytes. It is a prospective candidate for highly efficient and stable DSSCs.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11222431 and 11074287)the National Basic Key Research Program of China(Grant No.2012CB921403)the Hundred-Talent Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Recent progress in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC) research is reviewed, focusing on atomic-scale investigations of the interface electronic structures and dynamical processes, including the structure of dye adsorption onto Ti02, ultrafast electron injection, hot-electron injection, multiple-exciton generation, and electron-hole recombination. Advanced exper- imental techniques and theoretical approaches are briefly summarized, and then progressive achievements in photovoltaic device optimization based on insights from atomic scale investigations are introduced. Finally, some challenges and oppor- tunities for further improvement of dye solar cells are presented.
基金Project supported by the Program of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (Grant No 03DZ12032)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University in China (Grant No NCET-04-0406)
文摘This paper studies the light scattering and adsorption of nanocrystalline TiO2 porous films used in dye-sensitized solar cells composed of anatase and/or rutile particles by using an optical four-flux radiative transfer model. These light properties are difficult to measure directly on the functioning solar cells and they can not be calculated easily from the first-principle computational or quantitative theoretical evaluations. These simulation results indicate that the light scattering of 1 25 nm TiO2 particles is negligible, but it is effective in the range of 80 and 180 nm. A suitable mixture of small particles (10 nm radius), which are resulted in a large effective surface, and of larger particles (150 nm radius), which are effective light scatterers, have the potential to enhance solar absorption significantly. The futile crystals have a larger refractive index and thus the light harvest of the mixtures of such larger rutile and relatively small anatase particles is improved in comparison with that of pure anatase films. The light absorption of the 10μm double-layered films is also examined. A maximal light absorption of double-layered film is gotten when the thickness of the first layer of 10 urn-sized anatase particles is comparable to that of the second larger rutile layer.
文摘YiO2 nanorods have been prepared on ITO substrates by dc reactive magnetron sputtering technique. The hydroxyl groups have been introduced on the nanorods surface. The structure and the optical properties of these nanorods have been studied. The dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been assembled using these TiO2 nanorods as photoelectrode. And the effect of the hydroxyl groups on the properties of the photoelectric conversion of the DSSCs has been studied.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundations of China(No.20773082)Shandong Department of Science and Technology(No.2006BS09003).
文摘Mesoporous carbon(MC) with surface area of 380 m^2/g was prepared and employed as the carbon support of Pt catalyst for counter electrode of dye-sensitized solar cells.Pt/MC samples containing 1 wt%Pt were prepared by reducing chloroplatinic acid on MC using wet impregnation.It was found that Pt nanoparticles were uniform in size and highly dispersed on MC supports.The average size of Pt nanoparticles is about 3.4 nm.Pt/MC electrodes were fabricated by coating Pt/MC samples on fluorine-doped tin oxide glass.The overall conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells with Pt/MC counter electrode is 6.62%,which is higher than that of the cells with conventional Pt counter electrode in the same conditions.
基金supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21788102,22075083)the Open Foundation of the Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry+1 种基金the Ministry of Education National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFB0309603)the Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(No.B16017)。
文摘Ensuring high power conversion efficiency,partially or completely replacing Pt electrodes with inexpensive materials is one of the important development directions of dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs).In this work,we have developed a threecomponent(MWCNTs,carbon black and graphite) carbon(tri-carbon) electrode material for DSSC devices combined with the advantages of high electron transfer kinetics of MWCNTs,plentiful catalytic sites in crystal edges of carbon black and superior electrical conductivity and catalytic activity of graphite.Using a tri-carbon electrode,a Pt electrode,and two N719-sensitized photoanodes,a parallel tandem dye-sensitized solar cells are assembled obtaining a high PCE of 10.26%(V_(OC)=0.70 V,J_(SC)=19.99 mA/cm~2,FF=73.33%).It opens up a new avenue for the development of low-cost and highperformance DSSCs.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11674001)National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0403503)+3 种基金Open fund for Discipline Construction,Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(1708085MA07,1708085QE116)Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology(S01003103,Anhui University)the Doctoral research start-up funds projects of Anhui University(J01003201)the Key Natural Science Research Program of Anhui Educational Committee(KJ2018ZD001).
文摘A novel sunflower-like nanocomposite of SrCo_(2)S_(4)nanoflakes and functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes(f-MWCNTs)entanglement enveloped in nitrogen-reduced graphene oxide(N-RGO)is prepared by a cheap process.The unique entanglement structure of the material exhibits higher specific surface area,better electrical conductivity and other properties.This helps to reduce the transfer resistance in the photoelectric process of the battery and improve the electrochemical activity,thus increasing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery.The new ternary cobalt-based sulfide material can replace platinum as the counter electrode(CE)material loaded on dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs).DSSCs with SrCo_(2)S_(4)@f-MWCNTs@N-RGO(SCS@f-M@N-R)as CE material show excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE,8.06%),even surpassing than that of Pt CE material(7.51%).The low cost,excellent electrocatalytic performance and simple preparation method of SCS@f-M@N-R nanomaterial provide feasibility for replacing platinum material as the CE material of DSSCs,which is of great significance and persuasion.
文摘A series of guanidinium ionic liquids(GILs) was designed, synthesized, and used as electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs). The effect of electrolytes containing GILs on the photovoltaic performance of DSSCs was investigated. It is demonstrated that these GILs are promising for being used as electrolytes for DSSCs and a conversion efficiency of 4.1% can be obtained under AM 1.5 sun light irradiation.
基金Universiti Malaysia Pahang(UMP)for the financial support under Grant RDU192205 and RDU192403.
文摘The global increase in energy demand has resulted in the depletion of non-renewable resources and caused environmental degradation.Consequently,emerging renewable technologies are a potential solution to fulfil energy demand and mitigate the effect of global warming.Low-cost solar energy harvesting technologies are most feasible technologies.Various solar cells technologies have been developed with improved overall performance and conversion effi-ciency.However,due to low cost and a wide range of applications,dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs)have been immensely focused on one of the most promising third-generation solar cells.The highest conversion efficiency of DSSC achieved after three decades of research is more than 14%,but the commercialization of this technology is still a challenge.In this review paper,an attempt has been made to present the comparison of different articles published,that gives the in-depth study of recent developments in various types of DSSCs based on architectural assembly and physical appearance.An overview of the limitations and challenges with their possible improvement strategies have also been discussed.This review paper concludes that appropriate selection of electrolytes dramatically affects the performance of DSSC,and quasi-solid-state electrolyte proves to be a better option.Besides,it also concludes that tandem structures are widely agreed with the approach to expand light utilization spectrum for an overall increase in its performance.However,still,the research is required,which could efficiently widen the applications of the DSSCs.
基金financially supported by the National Science and Technology Development Agency (BT-B-01-A5-09-5202)the Thailand Research Fund (TRF) under the Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Program (Duanglaor P.,Grant No.PHD/0226/2549+1 种基金3.C.CU/49/W.1)Rachadapiseksompot Endowment Fund of Chulalongkorn University for postdoctoral fellowship (Thiampanya P.)
文摘Bipyridylporphyrin derivatives possessing a porphyrin moiety as the electron donor and bipyridyl moiety as the electron-acceptor were designed and synthesized for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The photo- physical and electrochemical properties were investigated by absorption spectrometry and cyclic voltam- metry. Density functional theory (DFT) was employed to study electron distribution. From the photovoltaic performance measurements, a maximum conversion efficiency (η) of 0.38% was achieved based on the bipyridylporphyrin ruthenium dye A7 (Jsc = 1.33 mA/cm^2, Voc = 0.45 V, FF = 0.64) under 1,5 irradiation (100 mW/cm^2).
文摘Since the prototype of a dye-sensitized solar cell(DSSC)was reported in 1991 by M. Gratzel,it has aroused intensive interest over the past decade due to its low cost and simple preparation procedure.The typical cell consists of a dye-coated mesoporous nanocrystalline TiO_2 film sandwiched between two transparent electroldes.A liquid electrolyte,traditionally containing the trioidide/iodide redox couple,fills the pores of the mesoporous nanocrystalline TiO_2 film and contacts the nanoparticles.Photoexcite...
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.10774046)Shanghai Municipal Science&Technology Committee(No.09JC1404600+1 种基金No.0852nm06100 and No.08230705400)Singapore Ministry of Education innovation fund(MOE IF Funding MOE2008-IF-1-016)
文摘A flexible counter electrode(CE) for dye-sensitized solar cells(DSCs) has been fabricated using a micro-porous polyvinylidene fluoride membrane as support media and sputtered Pt as the catalytic material.Non-conventional structure DSCs have been developed by the fabricated CEs. The Pt metal was sputtered onto one surface of the membrane as the catalytic material. DSCs were assembled by attaching the Ti O2 electrode to the membrane surface without Pt coating. The membrane was with cylindrical pore geometry. It served not only as a substrate for the CE but also as a spacer for the DSC. The fabricated DSC with the flexible membrane CE showed higher photocurrent density than the conventional sandwich devices based on chemically deposited Pt/FTO glass, achieving a photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 4.43%. The results provides useful information in investigation and development of stable, low-cost, simple-design, flexible and lightweight DSCs.