Analysis and experimental study on resistance-increasing behavior of composite high efficiency autonomous inflow control device

Bottom water coning is the main reason to reduce the recovery of horizontal bottom water reservoir. By water coning, we mean the oil-water interface changes from a horizontal state to a mound-shaped cone and breaks through to the wellbore. Autonomous inflow control device(AICD) is an important instrument maintain normal production after bottom water coning, however, the resistance increasing ability of the swirl type AICD is insufficient at present, which seriously affects the water control effect. Aiming this problem, this paper designs a multi-stage resistance-increasing and composite type AICD. The separation mechanism of oil-water two phases in this structure, the resistance form of oil-water single phase and the resistance-increasing principle of water phase are analyzed. Establishing the dual-phase multi-stage separation and resistance-increasing model, and verified by measuring the throttling pressure drop and oil-water volume fraction of the AICD, it is found that the composite type AICD has the effect of ICD and AICD at the same time, which can balance the production rate of each well section at the initial stage of production, delay the occurrence of bottom water coning. In the middle and later stages of production, water-blocking can be effectively increased to achieve water control and stable production.After structural sensitivity analysis, the influence law of various structural parameters on the water control performance of composite AICD was obtained. The simulation calculation results show that,compared with the existing swirl type AICD, composite AICD has higher sensitivity to moisture content,the water phase throttling pressure drop is increased by 4.5 times on average. The composite AICD is suitable for the entire stage of horizontal well production.

Dynamic simulation and experimental study of inspection robot for high-voltage transmission-line

A mobile robot developed by Wuhan University for full-path hotline inspection on 220 kV transmission lines was presented. With 4 rotating joints and 2 translational ones, such robot is capable of traveling along non- obstaclestraight-line segment and surmounting straight-line segment obstacles as well as transferring between two spans automatically. Lagrange’s equations were utilized to derive dynamic equations of all the links, including items of inertia, coupling inertia, Coriolis acceleration, centripetal acceleration and gravity. And a dynamic response experiment on elemental motions of robot prototype’s travelling along non-obstacle straight-line segment and surmounting obstacles was performed on 220 kV 1∶1 simulative overhanging transmission-line in laboratory. In addition, dynamic numerical simulation was conducted in the corresponding condition. Comparison and analysis on results of experiment and numerical simulation have validated theoretical model and simulation resolution. Therefore, the dynamic model formed hereunder can be used for the study of robot control.

Dynamic Simulation Analysis of the Working Device of a ZL50 Loader

In this study,assuming a certain type of wheel loader as the main objective of the research,the performances of the working device of the loader are investigated on the basis of an in-house code.After creating a three-dimensional model of the working device using Solidworks,this model has been imported into the dynamic simulation software ADAMS,and the simulation problem has been completed by adding the relevant constraints and loadings.The load stress curve relating to the main connecting point of the working device has been obtained in the frame work of this approach and it has been shown that the movement characteristics are compatible with(i.e.,they match)the actual working conditions.The present study may be regarded as a theoretical basis for the design and improvement of the working device of a vast category of wheel loaders.

Dynamic Simulation Analysis of the Flexible Swap Device

With the development of space science and technology,the on-orbit servicing technologies of spacecraft get more and more attention.According to the design criterion of existing spacecraft in orbit module replacement technology,the flexible swap device is designed and the dynamics simulation of institutions by the automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical systems(ADAMS)simulation software is analyzed.Throughout the analysis process,this paper studies the effect of collision force of flexible mechanism and provides a basis for the optimization of flexible plug agencies.

CFD Simulation and Experimental Study of a New Elastic Blade Wave Energy Converter

Small moving vehicles represent an important category of marine engineering tools and devices(equipment)typically used for ocean resource detection and maintenance of marine rights and interests.The lack of efficient power supply modes is one of the technical bottlenecks restricting the effective utilisation of this type of equipment.In this work,the performance characteristics of a new type of elastic-blade/wave-energy converter(EBWEC)and its core energy conversion component(named wave energy absorber)are comprehensively studied.In particular,computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations and experiments have been used to analyze the hydrodynamics and performance characteristics of the EBWEC.The pressure cloud diagrams relating to the surface of the elastic blade were obtained through two-way fluid-solid coupling simulations.The influence of blade thickness and relative speed on the performance characteristics of EBWEC was analyzed accordingly.A prototype of the EBWEC and its bucket test platform were also developed.The power characteristics of the EBWEC were analyzed and studied by using the blade thickness and motion cycle as control variables.The present research shows that the EBWEC can effectively overcome the performance disadvantages related to the transmission shaft torque load and power curve fluctuations of rigid blade wave energy converters(RBWEC).

Optimal Design and Dynamic Simulation of Mountain Bike with Rear Suspension

This paper investigates the dynamic design methodology of mountain bikes with rear suspension. Firstly, a multi-rigid body dynamic model of rider and mountain bike coupled system is constructed. The rider model includes 19 skeletons, 18 joints and 118 main muscles. Secondly, to validate the feasibility of the model, an experiment test is designed to reflect the real cycling status. Finally, aiming at enhancing the performance of the rider vibration comfort, the scale parameters of rear suspension are optimized with computer simulation and uniform design. The mathematical model in the vibration performance and the design variables is constructed with regression analysis. The result shows that when the length of side link is 90 mm, the length of connected rod is 336.115 1 mm and the included angle between absorber and side link is 60°, the mountain bike has better vibration comfort. This study and relevant conclusions are of practical importance to the design of the mountain bike＇s rear suspension system.

A STUDY ON FLUVIAL DYNAMIC GEOMORPHOLOGY AND ITS EXPERIMENT AND SIMULATION

Fluvial dynamic landform is produced by reaction between fluvial bchaviour and suffoce matenal. It possesses apparent environmental effects. As a branch of gcomorphology, the fiuvial dynandc gcomorphology is a marginal science among fiuid dynalnics, sediment mechaltics and fluvial goomorphology. With physical modelling by sindlarity based on Newtonian mechanics, and pnnciple of the same effect bot diffend struCture based on systelnahc theory, it is possible to study propenies, formation and processes in fluvial dynamic gcomorphology. A new research method, which is a combination of mathematical simulation by computer with physical modelling will be deveoped.

Theoretical studies and molecular dynamics simulations on ion transport properties in nanochannels and nanopores

Control of ion transport and fluid flow through nanofluidic devices is of primary importance for energy storage and conversion, drug delivery and a wide range of biological processes. Recent development of nanotechnology, synthesis techniques, purification technologies, and experiment have led to rapid advances in simulation and modeling studies on ion transport properties. In this review, the applications of Poisson-Nernst-Plank （PNP） equations in analyzing transport properties are presented. The molecular dynamics （MD） studies of transport properties of ion and fluidic flow through nanofluidic devices are reported as well.

土动力学与岩土地震工程

社会发展需求的增长、工程建造能力的提升以及气候变化等环境因素的改变带来的新震害现象、技术手段和工程需求,为土动力学及岩土地震工程研究提出了新挑战并创造了新机遇。文章重点针对近年来土动力学与岩土地震工程领域的一些新现象、新手段和新挑战进行综述,聚焦于土的动力特性、砂土地震液化、土的动力测试和岩土地震工程试验、岩土地震工程数值模拟以及岩土工程抗震等方面,分析当前理论研究和工程实践所面临的新问题和新挑战,梳理近年来所取得的一些最新进展,并对今后的研究方向进行探讨。

钻柱动力学研究进展及发展趋势

钻柱动力学是安全、高效钻井的基础,许多研究人员对此进行了深入研究,成果累累。然而,钻柱具有超大长细比,工作环境恶劣,非线性特征显著,使得钻柱的安全性面临严峻挑战,这在超万米特深井中尤为突出。因此,把握钻柱动力学研究历程,提炼钻柱动力学核心关键问题十分必要。本文在简要回顾3种基本钻柱振动形式的研究进展基础上,重点阐述了这3种基本振动的耦合振动的研究进展,详细讨论了粘滑和涡动这2种复杂振动的危害、形成机制、研究方法、测量技术和控制方法,并对近十年来备受关注的高频扭转振动(HFTO)的研究进展进行了归纳。现有研究成果表明,涡动是井下钻柱最易出现的一种复杂振动形式,包括向前、向后规则涡动和不规则涡动形式,且大都体现为不规则涡动。其中,反向涡动对钻柱的危害很大,不但会加剧钻具的疲劳破坏,而且会降低钻头的机械钻速。粘滑振动是另一种危害极大的复杂振动形式,其形成机制在于钻头与岩石之间的相互作用,并可用速度弱化效应进行很好描述;粘滑振动与涡动密切相关,粘滑振动中的滑脱阶段的最大转速可能达到地面转速的3倍以上,并伴随着剧烈的涡动。而振动频率远高于涡动和粘滑振动的高频扭转振动的危害不容忽视,但相关机理远未探明,迫切需要攻关研究。

基于正交试验的硅基MEMS齿形后坐保险机构参数敏感性

为了对硅基MEMS后坐保险机构进行优化设计和性能研究,基于正交试验与有限元仿真软件相结合的方法,选择齿高、齿宽、弹簧线宽、闭锁梁宽、锁钩间距、初始距离这6个设计参数,对后坐保险机构在正常发射和勤务跌落载荷下的位移和应力的影响进行参数敏感性分析。通过极差分析与方差分析,定量地给出了后坐保险机构各参数对结构在不同冲击载荷下的影响。结果表明,齿高的影响最显著,是影响后坐保险机构位移与应力响应的最主要因素;初始距离、弹簧线宽、齿宽是影响勤务跌落最大位移的次要因素;其他因素均对正常发射与勤务跌落载荷下位移和应力不显示显著性。在相对少的试验次数中定量得出不同设计参数对硅基后坐保险机构的影响大小,对多参数双目标的硅基后坐保险机构优化提供了一定的参考。

地铁列车脱轨防护装置方案

[目的]在自然灾害、车辆或轨道关键部件失效、外部冲击等不可预知的复杂状态下,地铁列车仍有可能会发生脱轨。因此,对列车被动脱轨防护装置方案的研究十分必要。[方法]建立地铁列车多体系统动力学非线性仿真模型,采用典型的车轮踏面外形和典型钢轨外形匹配,根据地铁列车运行的线路特点,提出地铁列车脱轨防护装置的三种方案,对其进行了低速运行条件下的脱轨工况仿真。针对仿真结果,综合考虑防二次爬轨脱轨的效果、安装部位的强度,以及脱轨后铁轨与脱轨防护装置发生碰撞而对车辆造成的损害,提出了在构架下端安装防脱轨横向止挡作为脱轨防护装置的方案。针对该地铁列车脱轨防护装置,进行了动力学仿真分析,并与无防护装置工况进行对比。[结果及结论]地铁列车脱轨防护装置具有明显的防脱轨效果,且具有一定的可行性。地铁列车脱轨防护装置动态包络线符合某地铁线路的限界要求,不会影响列车正常行驶,可以进行工程应用。

山地茶园模块化全向动态四点调平装置设计与试验

本文针对目前山地茶园机械转场稳定性差的问题和作业姿态调整的需求,基于四点中心不动调平法原理,设计了一种搭载于底盘上,匹配多种作业机具的全向动态调平装置;开展调平装置关键部件参数设计和力学分析,建立了各支腿受力的数学模型,并仿真验证了模型的准确性。搭建样机并对整机的稳定性进行了分析,然后在丘陵山地综合性能测试平台上进行了转场及斜坡作业试验。试验结果表明:在转场试验中,底盘俯仰角和侧倾角幅值分别为17.9°、16.5°,平台俯仰角和侧倾角分别为6.4°、4.3°,平台俯仰角和侧倾角均值都小于1.8°;在斜坡4种作业工况下,底盘倾斜度均值分别为14.1°、15.2°、15.5°、14.1°,平台倾斜度均值分别为1.8°、1.6°、1.7°、1.6°,且平台的倾斜度标准差均小于底盘倾斜度标准差。研究表明该全向动态四点调平装置精度和稳定性满足山地茶园机具转场和坡地作业的需求。

煤层采动底板突水物理模拟试验研究进展与展望

【目的】底板突水受特定地质构造、水-岩-应力及采掘扰动等因素叠加作用影响,具有复杂性、隐蔽性、突发性等特点。【方法】物理模拟试验能较好地还原底板岩层与承压水赋存环境、直观展现采动底板裂隙扩展及突水路径演化全过程、实时获取灾变各阶段多源数据信息,因而在底板突水研究方面具有独特优势。【结果和结论】对底板突水经典理论、标准规范、模拟试验及工程实践等方面的研究成果进行了回顾,重点梳理了试验加载装置及水压模拟方式、相似材料研制及其特性指标、监测技术及其观测系统设计3个方面的研究进展,其中在模拟水-岩-应力耦合环境下的三维模型底板突水全过程信息捕捉方面有较大突破。面对数智化研究大背景,分析当前底板突水物理模拟试验领域存在的不足,并据此指出未来应重点关注大型三维底板突水综合试验平台研制、基于标准化的多特性相似材料配比数据库建立、多相多场多维耦合监测预警系统构建、人工智能等数智化技术融合应用研究等发展方向。提出的思考有助于从装置、材料、技术等方面提升未来物理模拟试验水平,从而更好支撑煤矿底板水害数智化防治基础研究工作高质量发展。

具有防融霜装置的蒸发器结霜特性及性能仿真研究

以具有防融霜装置的蒸发器为研究对象,建立基于理想最小防融霜补热量和结霜量无量纲关联式的空气源热泵动态模型,并依据实验数据验证其精确性,通过数值模拟分析不同环境参数对具有防融霜装置的蒸发器性能的影响。结果表明:后置式与跨越式系统蒸发器换热系数要高于前置式与传统电辅热系统,霜层厚度更小,分布更均匀;当相对湿度一定时,蒸发器换热系数随温度升高而增大;当空气温度不变时,换热系数随相对湿度的下降而减小,霜层更均匀;温度对蒸发器换热系数的影响比相对湿度更大。

双体多向型激振装置参数研究

为提高果树振动采摘响应均匀性,同时提高果实采收效率、降低能耗、减少果树与果实的损伤,设计一种双体多向型激振装置,主要由偏心块、传动齿轮、传动轴、箱体等组成。建立振动装置-果树振动系统,并分析6种不同的偏心块转速比与偏心矩比组合产生的非圆周载荷效果。首先,采用多视角三维重建技术获取果树三维模型;然后,运用ANSYS进行果树谐响应分析得到激振装置的最佳工作频率;最后,运用ADAMS建立果树动力学仿真模型,比较非圆周载荷、直线载荷、圆周载荷下的果树加速度响应。仿真结果表明:当两偏心块转速比为3∶1、偏心矩比为1∶1时,果树在非圆周载荷下的加速度响应均值为194.35 m/s^(2),高于直线载荷下的(186.28m/s^(2)),略低于圆周载荷下的(204.41 m/s^(2));非圆周载荷的加速度响应变异系数为0.575,低于直线载荷的(0.625)和圆周载荷的(0.622),说明非圆周载荷有更均匀的加速度响应。田间试验表明,该装置的采摘率为92.2%,果实损伤率为4.6%,优于单偏心激振装置。

Dynamic experiments on flocculation and sedimentation of argillized ultrafine tailings using fly-ash-based magnetic coagulant

In order to accelerate the sedimentation of super-large-scale argillized ultrafine tailings with bad features such as low settling velocity, muddy overflow water, and large flocculant dosage, a fly-ash-based magnetic coagulant （FAMC） was used in a dynamic experimental device. To obtain the best possible combination of the impact factors （magnetic intensity, FAMC dosage, flocculant dosage, and feed speed） for minimum overflow turbidity, a response surface methodology test coupled with a four-factor five-level central composite design was conducted. The synergy mechanism of FAMC and flocculant was analyzed based on the potential measurement and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the flocculant dosage, overflow turbidity, and solid content can be reduced by 50%, 90%, and 80%, while the handling capacity per unit and efficiency of backfill and dry stacking can be promoted by 20%, 17%, and 13%, respectively, with a magnetic intensity of 0.3 T, FAMC dosage of 200 mL/t, flocculant dosage of 30 g/t, and feed speed of 0.6 t/（m^2·h）. Therefore, synergy of FAMC and flocculant has obvious efficiency in saving energy and protecting the environment by allowing 70×10^6 t/a of argillized ultrafine tailings slurry to be disposed safely and efficiently with a cost saving of more than 53×106 Yuan/a, which gives it great promise for use in domestic and foreign mines.

一种网-桁架式海上拦截装置仿真分析

针对海上设施的安全防护问题,提出了一种网-桁架式海上拦截装置,目的是在有效拦截来袭小艇撞击的同时尽量降低对拦截装置本身的损伤.为验证这一装置的有效性,基于显式动力学和欧拉-拉格朗日耦合方法对拦截装置拦截小艇过程进行数值模拟,设定小艇垂直撞击支撑柱、支撑柱间隙和45°撞击支撑柱、支撑柱间隙4种工况,每种工况包含10、20、30 m/s 3种速度.通过对这12组仿真的碰撞力、能量以及破损状态分析,全方位分析了该装置的防撞性能和对小艇的拦截效果.所有工况下该装置都能完成对小艇的拦截,说明这种装置具有优秀的拦截效果.

非金属PE管材氢气-甲烷渗透研究进展

采用非金属聚乙烯(PE)管道输送纯氢和掺氢天然气可有效避免金属管道的氢脆。但由于材料特性,PE管道在输送过程中存在一定程度的气体渗漏,造成能源浪费和引发安全问题。为选择合适的PE管材和确定输送条件,需深入揭示氢气/甲烷在PE材料中的渗透扩散机理和了解研究方法。本文以文献调研的方式,在微观角度从溶解和扩散两方面揭示了气体在PE材料中的渗透机理;综述了常用于研究氢气、甲烷和氢气/甲烷混合气体在PE材料中溶解、扩散和渗透性能的常用实验方法和数值模拟方法的研究进展,其中实验方法主要有膜渗透实验法和全尺寸渗透实验法,数值模拟方法主要有分子动力学模拟法和数学模型法。根据研究进展,讨论并指出了实验方法和数值模拟方法中存在的问题,并针对当前研究的不足指出了未来的研究重点和发展趋势。本文可为纯氢及掺氢天然气在PE管道中的安全输送提供参考。

基于落锤-弹簧碰撞系统的燃气爆炸载荷模拟加载方法研究

为避免燃气爆炸实验带来的危险,可通过载荷模拟装置产生燃气爆炸载荷替代传统燃气爆炸实验。本文设计开发了一种基于落锤-弹簧碰撞系统的燃气爆炸载荷模拟装置及加载方法,通过一维弹性碰撞理论建立起了系统响应过程的运动方程,并推导得到了载荷与时间之间的函数关系;根据压力时间函数特征以正弦函数和指数函数乘积形式对燃气爆炸实测压力时程曲线进行拟合,建立了模拟燃气爆炸载荷落锤-弹簧碰撞系统参数快速计算方法;该装置及实验方法表明调整阻尼器的阻尼系数、弹簧的刚度和落锤的质量,可获得与燃气爆炸载荷特征相符的压力加载作用时长和载荷峰值。落锤-弹簧碰撞系统可以对燃气爆炸载荷进行多工况多场景的有效模拟。