Computing large deviation prefactors of stochastic dynamical systems based on machine learning

We present a large deviation theory that characterizes the exponential estimate for rare events in stochastic dynamical systems in the limit of weak noise.We aim to consider a next-to-leading-order approximation for more accurate calculation of the mean exit time by computing large deviation prefactors with the aid of machine learning.More specifically,we design a neural network framework to compute quasipotential,most probable paths and prefactors based on the orthogonal decomposition of a vector field.We corroborate the higher effectiveness and accuracy of our algorithm with two toy models.Numerical experiments demonstrate its powerful functionality in exploring the internal mechanism of rare events triggered by weak random fluctuations.

A Dynamical System-Based Framework for Dimension Reduction

We propose a novel framework for learning a low-dimensional representation of data based on nonlinear dynamical systems,which we call the dynamical dimension reduction(DDR).In the DDR model,each point is evolved via a nonlinear flow towards a lower-dimensional subspace;the projection onto the subspace gives the low-dimensional embedding.Training the model involves identifying the nonlinear flow and the subspace.Following the equation discovery method,we represent the vector field that defines the flow using a linear combination of dictionary elements,where each element is a pre-specified linear/nonlinear candidate function.A regularization term for the average total kinetic energy is also introduced and motivated by the optimal transport theory.We prove that the resulting optimization problem is well-posed and establish several properties of the DDR method.We also show how the DDR method can be trained using a gradient-based optimization method,where the gradients are computed using the adjoint method from the optimal control theory.The DDR method is implemented and compared on synthetic and example data sets to other dimension reduction methods,including the PCA,t-SNE,and Umap.

Predicting solutions of the stochastic fractional order dynamical system using machine learning

The solution of fractional-order systems has been a complex problem for our research.Traditional methods like the predictor-corrector method and other solution steps are complicated and cumbersome to derive,which makes it more difficult for our solution efficiency.The development of machine learning and nonlinear dynamics has provided us with new ideas to solve some complex problems.Therefore,this study considers how to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the solution based on traditional methods.Finally,we propose an efficient and accurate nonlinear auto-regressive neural network for the fractional order dynamic system prediction model(FODS-NAR).First,we demonstrate by example that the FODS-NAR algorithm can predict the solution of a stochastic fractional order system.Second,we compare the FODS-NAR algorithm with the famous and good reservoir computing(RC)algorithms.We find that FODS-NAR gives more accurate predictions than the traditional RC algorithm with the same system parameters,and the residuals of the FODS-NAR algorithm are closer to 0.Consequently,we conclude that the FODS-NAR algorithm is a method with higher accuracy and prediction results closer to the state of fractional-order stochastic systems.In addition,we analyze the effects of the number of neurons and the order of delays in the FODS-NAR algorithm on the prediction results and derive a range of their optimal values.

THE VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE FOR THE PACKING ENTROPY OF NONAUTONOMOUS DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS

Let(X,φ) be a nonautonomous dynamical system.In this paper,we introduce the notions of packing topological entropy and measure-theoretical upper entropy for nonautonomous dynamical systems.Moreover,we establish the variational principle between the packing topological entropy and the measure-theoretical upper entropy.

Frequency domain identification of non-integer order dynamical systems

Two new methods, the generalized Levy method and the weighted iteration method, are presented for identification of non-integer order systems. The first method generalizes the Levy identification method from the integer order systems to the non-integer order systems. Then, the weighted iteration method is presented to overcome the shortcomings of the first method. Results show that the proposed methods have better performance compared with the integer order identification method. For the non-integer order systems, the proposed methods have the better fitting for the system frequency response. For the integer order system, if commensurate order scanning is applied, the proposed methods can also achieve the best integer order model which fits the system frequency response. At the same time, the proposed algorithms are more stable.

Stability of Iterative Learning Control with Data Dropouts via Asynchronous Dynamical System

In this paper, the stability of iterative learning control with data dropouts is discussed. By the super vector formulation, an iterative learning control （ILC） system with data dropouts can be modeled as an asynchronous dynamical system with rate constraints on events in the iteration domain. The stability condition is provided in the form of linear matrix inequalities （LMIS） depending on the stability of asynchronous dynamical systems. The analysis is supported by simulations.

Steady-state responses of a belt-drive dynamical system under dual excitations

The stable steady-state periodic responses of a belt-drive system with a one-way clutch are studied. For the first time, the dynamical system is investigated under dual excitations. The system is simultaneously excited by the firing pulsations of the engine and the harmonic motion of the foundation. Nonlinear discrete-continuous equations are derived for coupling the transverse vibration of the belt spans and the rotations of the driving and driven pulleys and the accessory pulley. The nonlinear dynamics is studied under equal and multiple relations between the frequency of the fir- ing pulsations and the frequency of the foundation motion. Furthermore, translating belt spans are modeled as axially moving strings. A set of nonlinear piecewise ordinary differ- ential equations is achieved by using the Galerkin truncation. Under various relations between the excitation frequencies, the time histories of the dynamical system are numerically simulated based on the time discretization method. Further- more, the stable steady-state periodic response curves are calculated based on the frequency sweep. Moreover, the convergence of the Galerkin truncation is examined. Numer- ical results demonstrate that the one-way clutch reduces the resonance amplitude of the rotations of the driven pul- ley and the accessory pulley. On the other hand, numerical examples prove that the resonance areas of the belt spans are decreased by eliminating the torque-transmitting in the opposite direction. With the increasing amplitude of the foun- dation excitation, the damping effect of the one-way clutch will be reduced. Furthermore, as the amplitude of the firing pulsations of the engine increases, the jumping phenomena in steady-state response curves of the belt-drive system with or without a one-way clutch both occur.

Conformal invariance and conserved quantities of dynamical system of relative motion

This paper discusses in detail the conformal invariance by infinitesimal transformations of a dynamical system of relative motion. The necessary and sufficient conditions of conformal invariance and Lie symmetry are given simultaneously by the action of infinitesimal transformations. Then it obtains the conserved quantities of conformal invariance by the infinitesimal transformations. Finally an example is given to illustrate the application of the results.

Control uncertain continuous－time chaotic dynamical system

The new chaos control method presented in this paper is useful for taking advantage of chaos.Based on sliding mode control theory, this paper provides a switching manifold controlling strategy of chaoticsystem, and also gives a kind of adaptive parameters estimated method to estimate the unknown systems' pa-rameters by which chaotic dynamical system can be synchronized. Taking the Lorenz system as example, and with the help of this controlling strategy, we can synchronize chaotic systems with unknown parameters and different initial conditions.

Analysis and Application of Multiple-Precision Computation and Round-off Error for Nonlinear Dynamical Systems

This research reveals the dependency of floating point computation in nonlinear dynamical systems on machine precision and step-size by applying a multiple-precision approach in the Lorenz nonlinear equations. The paper also demoastrates the procedures for obtaining a real numerical solution in the Lorenz system with long-time integration and a new multiple-precision-based approach used to identify the maximum effective computation time （MECT） and optimal step-size （OS）. In addition, the authors introduce how to analyze round-off error in a long-time integration in some typical cases of nonlinear systems and present its approximate estimate expression.

THE OPTIMAL TRUNCATED LOW-DIMENSIONAL DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS BASED ON FLOW DATABASES

A new theory on the construction of optimal truncated Low-Dimensional Dynamical Systems (LDDSs) with different physical meanings has been developed, The physical properties of the optimal bases are reflected in the user-defined optimal conditions, Through the analysis of linear and nonlinear examples, it is shown that the LDDSs constructed by using the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) method are not the optimum. After comparing the errors of LDDSs based on the new theory POD and Fourier methods, it is concluded that the LDDSs based on the new theory are optimally truncated and catch the desired physical properties of the systems.

Lower bounds of the topological entropy for nonautonomous dynamical systems

In this paper, lower bounds of the topological entropy for nonautonomous dynamical systems are given via the growths of topological complexity in fundamental group and in degree.

Lie Symmetry and Conserved Quantities for Nonholonomic Vacco Dynamical Systems

In this paper the Lie symmetry and conserved quantities for nonholonomic Vacco dynamical systems are studied. The determining equation of the Lie symmetry for the system is given. The general Hojman conserved quantity and the Lutzky conserved quantity deduced from the symmetry are obtained.

Study on a new chaotic bitwise dynamical system and its FPGA implementation

In this paper, the structure of a new chaotic bitwise dynamical system （CBDS） is described. Compared to our previous research work, it uses various random bitwise operations instead of only one. The chaotic behavior of CBDS is mathemat- ically proven according to the Devaney＇s definition, and its statistical properties are verified both for uniformity and by a comprehensive, reputed and stringent battery of tests called TestU01. Furthermore, a systematic methodology developing the parallel computations is proposed for FPGA platform-based realization of this CBDS. Experiments finally validate the proposed systematic methodology.

Methodology for estimating probability of dynamical system's failure for concrete gravity dam

Methodology for the reliability analysis of hydraulic gravity dam is the key technology in current hydropower construction.Reliability analysis for the dynamical dam safety should be divided into two phases:failure mode identification and the calculation of the failure probability.Both of them are studied based on the mathematical statistics and structure reliability theory considering two kinds of uncertainty characters(earthquake variability and material randomness).Firstly,failure mode identification method is established based on the dynamical limit state system and verified through example of Koyna Dam so that the statistical law of progressive failure process in dam body are revealed; Secondly,for the calculation of the failure probability,mathematical model and formula are established according to the characteristics of gravity dam,which include three levels,that is element failure,path failure and system failure.A case study is presented to show the practical application of theoretical method and results of these methods.

Synchronization Phenomena Investigation of a New Nonlinear Dynamical System 4D by Gardano’s and Lyapunov’s Methods

Synchronization is one of the most important characteristics of dynamic systems.For this paper,the authors obtained results for the nonlinear systems controller for the custom Synchronization of two 4D systems.The findings have allowed authors to develop two analytical approaches using the second Lyapunov(Lyp)method and the Gardanomethod.Since the Gardano method does not involve the development of special positive Lyp functions,it is very efficient and convenient to achieve excessive systemSYCR phenomena.Error is overcome by using Gardano and overcoming some problems in Lyp.Thus we get a great investigation into the convergence of error dynamics,the authors in this paper are interested in giving numerical simulations of the proposed model to clarify the results and check them,an important aspect that will be studied is Synchronization Complete hybrid SYCR and anti-Synchronization,by making use of the Lyapunov expansion analysis,a proposed control method is developed to determine the actual.The basic idea in the proposed way is to receive the evolution of between two methods.Finally,the present model has been applied and showing in a new attractor,and the obtained results are compared with other approximate results,and the nearly good coincidence was obtained.

Unified symmetry of Vacco dynamical systems

Based on the total time derivative along the trajectory of the time, we study the unified symmetry of Vacco dynamical systems. The definition and the criterion of the unified symmetry for the system are given. Three kinds of conserved quantities, i.e. the Noether conserved quantity, the generalized Hojman conserved quantity and the Mei conserved quantity, are deduced from the unified symmetry. An example is presented to illustrate the results.

ASYMPTOTIC SOLUTION OF SINGULARLY PERTURBED HYBRID DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS

In this paper, we consider a class of optimal control problem for the singularly perturbed hybrid dynamical systems. By means of variational method, we obtain the necessary conditions of the hybrid dynamical systems. Meanwhile, the existence of solution for the hybrid dynamical system is proved by the sewing method and the uniformly valid asymptotic expansion of the optimal trajectory is constructed by the boundary function method. Finally,an example is presented to illustrate the result.

Phase space reconstruction of chaotic dynamical system based on wavelet decomposition

In view of the disadvantages of the traditional phase space reconstruction method, this paper presents the method of phase space reconstruction based on the wavelet decomposition and indicates that the wavelet decomposition of chaotic dynamical system is essentially a projection of chaotic attractor on the axes of space opened by the wavelet filter vectors, which corresponds to the time-delayed embedding method of phase space reconstruction proposed by Packard and Takens. The experimental results show that, the structure of dynamical trajectory of chaotic system on the wavelet space is much similar to the original system, and the nonlinear invariants such as correlation dimension, Lyapunov exponent and Kolmogorov entropy are still reserved. It demonstrates that wavelet decomposition is effective for characterizing chaotic dynamical system.

Upper bound for the time derivative of entropy for a stochastic dynamical system with double singularities driven by non-Gaussian noise

A stochastic dynamical system with double singularities driven by non-Gaussian noise is investigated. The Fokker Plank equation of the system is obtained through the path-integral approach and the method of transformation. Based on the definition of Shannon＇s information entropy and the Schwartz inequality principle, the upper bound for the time derivative of entropy is calculated both in the absence and in the presence of non-equilibrium constraint. The present calculations can be used to interpret the effects of the system dissipative parameter, the system singularity strength parameter, the noise correlation time and the noise deviation parameter on the upper bound.