In this paper, the Tφ-convex functions were introduced as a generalizations of convex functions. Then the characteristics of the Tφ-convex functions were discussed. Furthermore, some new inequalities for the Tφ-con...In this paper, the Tφ-convex functions were introduced as a generalizations of convex functions. Then the characteristics of the Tφ-convex functions were discussed. Furthermore, some new inequalities for the Tφ-convex functions were derived.展开更多
Selenium nanoparticles(SeNPs)have been demonstrated potential for use in diseases associated with oxidative stress.Functionalized SeNPs with lower toxicity and higher biocompatibility could bring better therapeutic ac...Selenium nanoparticles(SeNPs)have been demonstrated potential for use in diseases associated with oxidative stress.Functionalized SeNPs with lower toxicity and higher biocompatibility could bring better therapeutic activity and clinical application value.Herein,this work was conducted to investigate the protective effect of Pleurotus tuber-regium polysaccharide-protein complex funtionnalized SeNPs(PTR-SeNPs)against acetaminophen(APAP)-induced oxidative injure in HepG2 cells and C57BL/6J mouse liver.Further elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanism,in particular their modulation of Nrf2 signaling pathway was also performed.The results showed that PTR-SeNPs could significantly ameliorate APAP-induced oxidative injury as evidenced by a range of biochemical analysis,histopathological examination and immunoblotting study.PTR-SeNPs could hosphorylate and activate PKCδ,depress Keap1,and increase nuclear accumulation of Nrf2,resulting in upregulation of GCLC,GCLM,HO-1 and NQO-1 expression.Besides,PTR-SeNPs suppressed the biotransformation of APAP to generate intracellular ROS through CYP 2E1 inhibition,restoring the mitochondrial morphology.Furthermore,the protective effect of PTR-SeNPs against APAP induced hepatotoxicity was weakened as Nrf2 was depleted in vivo,indicating the pivotal role of Nrf2 signaling pathway in PTR-SeNPs mediated hepatoprotective efficacy.Being a potential hepatic protectant,PTR-SeNPs could serve as a new source of selenium supplement for health-promoting and biomedical applications.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to prove that the average function of a trigonometrically ρ-convex function is trigonometrically ρ-convex. Furthermore, we show the existence of support curves implies the trigonometric ρ-c...The aim of this paper is to prove that the average function of a trigonometrically ρ-convex function is trigonometrically ρ-convex. Furthermore, we show the existence of support curves implies the trigonometric ρ-convexity, and prove an extremum property of this function.展开更多
Background:The independent and interactive effects of dietary fiber(DF)and threonine(Thr)were investigated in growing pigs challenged with either systemic E.coli lipopolysaccharide(LPS)or enteric Salmonella Typhimuriu...Background:The independent and interactive effects of dietary fiber(DF)and threonine(Thr)were investigated in growing pigs challenged with either systemic E.coli lipopolysaccharide(LPS)or enteric Salmonella Typhimurium(ST)to characterise their effect on intestinal barrier function.Results:In experiment 1,intestinal barrier function was assessed via oral lactulose and mannitol(L:M)gavage and fecal mucin analysis in pigs challenged with E.coli LPS and fed low fiber(LF)or high fiber(HF)diets with graded dietary Thr.Urinary lactulose recovery and L:M ratio increased(P<0.05)during the LPS inoculation period in LF fed pigs but not in HF fed pigs.Fecal mucin output was increased(P<0.05)in pigs fed HF compared to LF fed pigs.In experiment 2,RT-qPCR,ileal morphology,digesta volatile fatty acid(VFA)content,and fecal mucin output were measured in Salmonella Typhimurium challenged pigs,fed LF or HF diets with standard or supplemented dietary Thr.Salmonella inoculation increased(P<0.05)fecal mucin output compared to the unchallenged period.Supplemental Thr increased fecal mucin output in the HF-fed pigs(Fib×Thr;P<0.05).Feeding HF increased(P<0.05)VFA concentration in cecum and colon.No effect of either Thr or fiber on expression of gene markers was observed except a tendency(P=0.06)for increased MUC2 expression with the HF diet.Feeding HF increased goblet cell numbers(P<0.05).Conclusion:Dietary fiber appears to improve barrier function through increased mucin production capacity(i.e.,goblet cell numbers,MUC2 gene expression)and secretion(i.e.,fecal mucin output).The lack of effect of dietary Thr in Salmonella-challenged pigs provides further evidence that mucin secretion in the gut is conserved and,therefore,Thr may be limiting for growth under conditions of increased mucin production.展开更多
The definition of geodesic E-quasiconvex functions is established in a geodesic metric space. Meanwhile, the relations of geodesic E-quasiconvex functions, geodesic Econvex functions and geodesic E-almostconvex functi...The definition of geodesic E-quasiconvex functions is established in a geodesic metric space. Meanwhile, the relations of geodesic E-quasiconvex functions, geodesic Econvex functions and geodesic E-almostconvex functions are studied. Furthermore, the notion of E-epigraphs is generalized to geodesic E-epigraphs and a characterization of geodesic E-quasiconvex functions in terms of its geodesic E-epigraphs is considered.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Cognitive dysfunction occurs in elderly patients following general anesthesia, and this might be associated with genetics. Studies have shown that the ε4 allele gene is closely associated with senile dem...BACKGROUND： Cognitive dysfunction occurs in elderly patients following general anesthesia, and this might be associated with genetics. Studies have shown that the ε4 allele gene is closely associated with senile dementia. OBJECTIVE： To compare and analyze the correlations between cognitive dysfunction and single nucleotide polymorphism of apolipoprotein E （ApoE） following inhalation or intravenous anesthesia. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled study was performed. The patients were recruited from the Department of Anesthesia, Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi＇an Jiaotong University, China between May 2005 and December 2008. Genetic analyses were conducted at the Departments of Neuroanatomy and Forensic Medicine, Medical Corlege, Xi＇an Jiaotong University, China. PARTICIPANTS： A total of t 000 patients of ASA I-II grade, without genetic connection, were enrolled in this study, comprising 520 males and 480 females, aged （70.1± 4.6） years and weighing （57.3 ± 7.5） kg. No patients suffered from cognitive dysfunction. METHODS： The patients were equally and randomly divided into intravenous anesthesia and gas anesthesia groups. Total intravenous anesthesia and inhaled anesthesia were used. Genomic DNA from whole blood was extracted. The ApoE gene was amplified by PCR. Restriction fragment length polymorphism of ApoE gene was analyzed. Cognitive function was evaluated by Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE）. Patients scoring 〈 25 points were diagnosed with cognitive dysfunction. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Correlation of ApoE gene frequency and ApoE ε 4 allele to MMSE scores was measured. RESULTS： MMSE scores in patients from the gas anesthesia group significantly decreased 3 days after surgery, compared with the intravenous anesthesia group. The proportion of patients that scored 〈 25 points was significantly greater in the gas anesthesia group compared with the intravenous anesthesia group 3 days after surgery. Reduced MMSE scores closely correlated with expression of the ApoE ε 4 allele in the gas anesthesia group （odds ratio = 2.83; 95% confidence interval was 1.25-6.39, P 〈 0.05）. However, decreased MMSE scores did not closely correlated with expression of the ApoE ε 4 allele in the intravenous anesthesia group （odds ratio = 0.96; 95% confidence interval was 0.37-2.39, P 〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Results demonstrated a correlation between cognitive dysfunction and ApoE single nucleotide polymorphism in elderly patients after gas anesthesia. However, no relationship between cognitive dysfunction and ApoE single nucleotide polymorphism was determined in elderly patients following intravenous anesthesia. Therefore, elderly patients, especially those expressing the ApoE ε4 gene, should be cautiously exposed to gas anesthesia.展开更多
In this paper, two duality results are established under generalized ρ-convexity conditions for a class of multiobjective fractional programmign involvign differentiable n-sten functions.
Since the room-temperature detector CdZnTe(CZT) has advantages in terms of detection efficiency,energy resolution, and size, it has been extensively used to detect X-rays and gamma-rays. So far, nuclear radiation dete...Since the room-temperature detector CdZnTe(CZT) has advantages in terms of detection efficiency,energy resolution, and size, it has been extensively used to detect X-rays and gamma-rays. So far, nuclear radiation detectors such as cerium chloride doped with lanthanum bromide(LaBr_3(Ce)), thallium doped with cesium iodide(sI(Tl)), thallium doped with sodium iodide(NaI(Tl)),and high-purity germanium(HPGe) primarily use the spectroscopy-dose rate function(G(E)) to achieve the accurate measurement of air kerma rate(K_a) and ambient dose equivalent rate(H*(10)). However, the spectroscopy-dose rate function has been rarely measured for a CZT detector. In this study, we performed spectrum measurement using a hemispherical CZT detector in a radiation protection standards laboratory. The spectroscopy-dose rate function G(E) of the CZT detector was calculated using the least-squares method combined with the standard dose rate at the measurement position. The results showed that the hemispherical CZT detector could complete the measurement of air kerma rate(K_a) and ambient dose equivalent rate(H*(10)) by using the G(E) function at energies between 48 keV and 1.25 MeV, and the relative intrinsic errors were, respectively, controlled within ± 2. 3 and ± 2. 1%.展开更多
Objective To investigate the effect of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on recovery of early renal graft functions after transplantation. Methods One hundred and seven patients after renal transplantation were allocated in the...Objective To investigate the effect of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on recovery of early renal graft functions after transplantation. Methods One hundred and seven patients after renal transplantation were allocated in the treated group, and treated by conventional treatment with injection of 10 μg prostaglandin E1 additionally twice a day for 14 days. And eighty-eight patients who received conventional treatment alone after renal transplantation at the corresponding period were allocated in the control group. Indexes of the two groups, including incidence of delayed graft function and acute rejection reaction, volume of urine, serum certaintie (SCr), endogenous certainties clearance rate (CCr), the blood flow resistance in graft as well as blood viscosity (BV), and platelet aggregation rate (PAR), were determined. Results The urinary volume and endogenous certainties clearance rate of the treated group were significantly higher, but the level of SCr, incidence of renal function recovery retardation, BV, PAR and blood flow resistance in graft were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). The difference of incidence of acute rejection reaction between the two groups was insignificant (P>0.05). Conclusion Prostaglandin E1 can improve blood microcirculation and decrease the incidence of renal function recovery retardation. These effects are helpful for recovery of renal function after renal transplantation.展开更多
In this paper, we introduce the concept of a (weak) minimizer of order k for a nonsmooth vector optimization problem over cones. Generalized classes of higher-order cone-nonsmooth (F, ρ)-convex functions are introduc...In this paper, we introduce the concept of a (weak) minimizer of order k for a nonsmooth vector optimization problem over cones. Generalized classes of higher-order cone-nonsmooth (F, ρ)-convex functions are introduced and sufficient optimality results are proved involving these classes. Also, a unified dual is associated with the considered primal problem, and weak and strong duality results are established.展开更多
The E2F/DP pathway is a widely conserved regulatory mechanism in pluricellular organisms.The family of E2F and DP transcription factors was originally described having a role in the transition from the G1 to the S pha...The E2F/DP pathway is a widely conserved regulatory mechanism in pluricellular organisms.The family of E2F and DP transcription factors was originally described having a role in the transition from the G1 to the S phase of the cell cycle.However,the discovery of hundreds of possible gene targets and their involvement in many other biochemical processes,soon showed that they participated in cell development and differentiation,chromatin remodeling,DNA repair and others.The E2F/DP transcription factors can act as either activators or repressors of transcription depending on their association to other regulatory proteins,particularly the retinoblastoma protein,or even depending to their protein structure that can define their role.In plants the E2F/DP pathway also regulates endoreduplication,a process present along the life cycle,from organ elongation to root differentiation and reproduction.These transcription factors also help plant cells to respond to environmental disturbances such as those caused by different types of radiation,or by pathogens.This review focuses on the“so called”non-canonical functions of the E2F/DP family proteins in animal and plant cells,that are in fact essential activities that connect regulatory circuits among multiple metabolic pathways by means of their atypical functions.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（Grant No.10271071）
文摘In this paper, the Tφ-convex functions were introduced as a generalizations of convex functions. Then the characteristics of the Tφ-convex functions were discussed. Furthermore, some new inequalities for the Tφ-convex functions were derived.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81700524)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2022J01866)from Fujian Provincial Department of Science and Technology+1 种基金Key Project of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(X2021019)Collaborative Innovation and Platform Establishment Project of Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province(2019A050520003)。
文摘Selenium nanoparticles(SeNPs)have been demonstrated potential for use in diseases associated with oxidative stress.Functionalized SeNPs with lower toxicity and higher biocompatibility could bring better therapeutic activity and clinical application value.Herein,this work was conducted to investigate the protective effect of Pleurotus tuber-regium polysaccharide-protein complex funtionnalized SeNPs(PTR-SeNPs)against acetaminophen(APAP)-induced oxidative injure in HepG2 cells and C57BL/6J mouse liver.Further elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanism,in particular their modulation of Nrf2 signaling pathway was also performed.The results showed that PTR-SeNPs could significantly ameliorate APAP-induced oxidative injury as evidenced by a range of biochemical analysis,histopathological examination and immunoblotting study.PTR-SeNPs could hosphorylate and activate PKCδ,depress Keap1,and increase nuclear accumulation of Nrf2,resulting in upregulation of GCLC,GCLM,HO-1 and NQO-1 expression.Besides,PTR-SeNPs suppressed the biotransformation of APAP to generate intracellular ROS through CYP 2E1 inhibition,restoring the mitochondrial morphology.Furthermore,the protective effect of PTR-SeNPs against APAP induced hepatotoxicity was weakened as Nrf2 was depleted in vivo,indicating the pivotal role of Nrf2 signaling pathway in PTR-SeNPs mediated hepatoprotective efficacy.Being a potential hepatic protectant,PTR-SeNPs could serve as a new source of selenium supplement for health-promoting and biomedical applications.
文摘The aim of this paper is to prove that the average function of a trigonometrically ρ-convex function is trigonometrically ρ-convex. Furthermore, we show the existence of support curves implies the trigonometric ρ-convexity, and prove an extremum property of this function.
基金Funding for this project was provided by Alberta Agriculture and Forestry Strategic Research and Development Section,Evonik Nutrition&Care GmbH,and Mitacs Accelerate.
文摘Background:The independent and interactive effects of dietary fiber(DF)and threonine(Thr)were investigated in growing pigs challenged with either systemic E.coli lipopolysaccharide(LPS)or enteric Salmonella Typhimurium(ST)to characterise their effect on intestinal barrier function.Results:In experiment 1,intestinal barrier function was assessed via oral lactulose and mannitol(L:M)gavage and fecal mucin analysis in pigs challenged with E.coli LPS and fed low fiber(LF)or high fiber(HF)diets with graded dietary Thr.Urinary lactulose recovery and L:M ratio increased(P<0.05)during the LPS inoculation period in LF fed pigs but not in HF fed pigs.Fecal mucin output was increased(P<0.05)in pigs fed HF compared to LF fed pigs.In experiment 2,RT-qPCR,ileal morphology,digesta volatile fatty acid(VFA)content,and fecal mucin output were measured in Salmonella Typhimurium challenged pigs,fed LF or HF diets with standard or supplemented dietary Thr.Salmonella inoculation increased(P<0.05)fecal mucin output compared to the unchallenged period.Supplemental Thr increased fecal mucin output in the HF-fed pigs(Fib×Thr;P<0.05).Feeding HF increased(P<0.05)VFA concentration in cecum and colon.No effect of either Thr or fiber on expression of gene markers was observed except a tendency(P=0.06)for increased MUC2 expression with the HF diet.Feeding HF increased goblet cell numbers(P<0.05).Conclusion:Dietary fiber appears to improve barrier function through increased mucin production capacity(i.e.,goblet cell numbers,MUC2 gene expression)and secretion(i.e.,fecal mucin output).The lack of effect of dietary Thr in Salmonella-challenged pigs provides further evidence that mucin secretion in the gut is conserved and,therefore,Thr may be limiting for growth under conditions of increased mucin production.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（11074099）
文摘The definition of geodesic E-quasiconvex functions is established in a geodesic metric space. Meanwhile, the relations of geodesic E-quasiconvex functions, geodesic Econvex functions and geodesic E-almostconvex functions are studied. Furthermore, the notion of E-epigraphs is generalized to geodesic E-epigraphs and a characterization of geodesic E-quasiconvex functions in terms of its geodesic E-epigraphs is considered.
基金Supported by:the Doctoral Special Foundation of Scientific Research in Universities,No. 20030698011the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30300395+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30400515the Tackle Key Program in Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province.No.2005K13-G2
文摘BACKGROUND： Cognitive dysfunction occurs in elderly patients following general anesthesia, and this might be associated with genetics. Studies have shown that the ε4 allele gene is closely associated with senile dementia. OBJECTIVE： To compare and analyze the correlations between cognitive dysfunction and single nucleotide polymorphism of apolipoprotein E （ApoE） following inhalation or intravenous anesthesia. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled study was performed. The patients were recruited from the Department of Anesthesia, Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi＇an Jiaotong University, China between May 2005 and December 2008. Genetic analyses were conducted at the Departments of Neuroanatomy and Forensic Medicine, Medical Corlege, Xi＇an Jiaotong University, China. PARTICIPANTS： A total of t 000 patients of ASA I-II grade, without genetic connection, were enrolled in this study, comprising 520 males and 480 females, aged （70.1± 4.6） years and weighing （57.3 ± 7.5） kg. No patients suffered from cognitive dysfunction. METHODS： The patients were equally and randomly divided into intravenous anesthesia and gas anesthesia groups. Total intravenous anesthesia and inhaled anesthesia were used. Genomic DNA from whole blood was extracted. The ApoE gene was amplified by PCR. Restriction fragment length polymorphism of ApoE gene was analyzed. Cognitive function was evaluated by Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE）. Patients scoring 〈 25 points were diagnosed with cognitive dysfunction. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Correlation of ApoE gene frequency and ApoE ε 4 allele to MMSE scores was measured. RESULTS： MMSE scores in patients from the gas anesthesia group significantly decreased 3 days after surgery, compared with the intravenous anesthesia group. The proportion of patients that scored 〈 25 points was significantly greater in the gas anesthesia group compared with the intravenous anesthesia group 3 days after surgery. Reduced MMSE scores closely correlated with expression of the ApoE ε 4 allele in the gas anesthesia group （odds ratio = 2.83; 95% confidence interval was 1.25-6.39, P 〈 0.05）. However, decreased MMSE scores did not closely correlated with expression of the ApoE ε 4 allele in the intravenous anesthesia group （odds ratio = 0.96; 95% confidence interval was 0.37-2.39, P 〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Results demonstrated a correlation between cognitive dysfunction and ApoE single nucleotide polymorphism in elderly patients after gas anesthesia. However, no relationship between cognitive dysfunction and ApoE single nucleotide polymorphism was determined in elderly patients following intravenous anesthesia. Therefore, elderly patients, especially those expressing the ApoE ε4 gene, should be cautiously exposed to gas anesthesia.
文摘In this paper, two duality results are established under generalized ρ-convexity conditions for a class of multiobjective fractional programmign involvign differentiable n-sten functions.
基金supported by the National Key Scientific Instruments to Develop Dedicated(Nos.2013YQ090811 and 2016YFF0103800)
文摘Since the room-temperature detector CdZnTe(CZT) has advantages in terms of detection efficiency,energy resolution, and size, it has been extensively used to detect X-rays and gamma-rays. So far, nuclear radiation detectors such as cerium chloride doped with lanthanum bromide(LaBr_3(Ce)), thallium doped with cesium iodide(sI(Tl)), thallium doped with sodium iodide(NaI(Tl)),and high-purity germanium(HPGe) primarily use the spectroscopy-dose rate function(G(E)) to achieve the accurate measurement of air kerma rate(K_a) and ambient dose equivalent rate(H*(10)). However, the spectroscopy-dose rate function has been rarely measured for a CZT detector. In this study, we performed spectrum measurement using a hemispherical CZT detector in a radiation protection standards laboratory. The spectroscopy-dose rate function G(E) of the CZT detector was calculated using the least-squares method combined with the standard dose rate at the measurement position. The results showed that the hemispherical CZT detector could complete the measurement of air kerma rate(K_a) and ambient dose equivalent rate(H*(10)) by using the G(E) function at energies between 48 keV and 1.25 MeV, and the relative intrinsic errors were, respectively, controlled within ± 2. 3 and ± 2. 1%.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30471640)
文摘Objective To investigate the effect of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on recovery of early renal graft functions after transplantation. Methods One hundred and seven patients after renal transplantation were allocated in the treated group, and treated by conventional treatment with injection of 10 μg prostaglandin E1 additionally twice a day for 14 days. And eighty-eight patients who received conventional treatment alone after renal transplantation at the corresponding period were allocated in the control group. Indexes of the two groups, including incidence of delayed graft function and acute rejection reaction, volume of urine, serum certaintie (SCr), endogenous certainties clearance rate (CCr), the blood flow resistance in graft as well as blood viscosity (BV), and platelet aggregation rate (PAR), were determined. Results The urinary volume and endogenous certainties clearance rate of the treated group were significantly higher, but the level of SCr, incidence of renal function recovery retardation, BV, PAR and blood flow resistance in graft were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). The difference of incidence of acute rejection reaction between the two groups was insignificant (P>0.05). Conclusion Prostaglandin E1 can improve blood microcirculation and decrease the incidence of renal function recovery retardation. These effects are helpful for recovery of renal function after renal transplantation.
文摘In this paper, we introduce the concept of a (weak) minimizer of order k for a nonsmooth vector optimization problem over cones. Generalized classes of higher-order cone-nonsmooth (F, ρ)-convex functions are introduced and sufficient optimality results are proved involving these classes. Also, a unified dual is associated with the considered primal problem, and weak and strong duality results are established.
基金This work was supported by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología[Grant No.CB220661,PostgraduateMobility grants to V.A.S.C.and SNI III grant to S.R.R.]and Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México[DGAPA-PAPIIT IN215316,PAIP 5000-9124,PAIP 5000-9130 and PAEP-UNAM grant to V.A.S.C.].
文摘The E2F/DP pathway is a widely conserved regulatory mechanism in pluricellular organisms.The family of E2F and DP transcription factors was originally described having a role in the transition from the G1 to the S phase of the cell cycle.However,the discovery of hundreds of possible gene targets and their involvement in many other biochemical processes,soon showed that they participated in cell development and differentiation,chromatin remodeling,DNA repair and others.The E2F/DP transcription factors can act as either activators or repressors of transcription depending on their association to other regulatory proteins,particularly the retinoblastoma protein,or even depending to their protein structure that can define their role.In plants the E2F/DP pathway also regulates endoreduplication,a process present along the life cycle,from organ elongation to root differentiation and reproduction.These transcription factors also help plant cells to respond to environmental disturbances such as those caused by different types of radiation,or by pathogens.This review focuses on the“so called”non-canonical functions of the E2F/DP family proteins in animal and plant cells,that are in fact essential activities that connect regulatory circuits among multiple metabolic pathways by means of their atypical functions.
