Aqueous E pH Diagram is an essential tool for analyzing hydrometallurgical and corrosion processes. Due to the requirements for environmental protection and energy saving in recent years, waste water processing a...Aqueous E pH Diagram is an essential tool for analyzing hydrometallurgical and corrosion processes. Due to the requirements for environmental protection and energy saving in recent years, waste water processing and hydrometallurgical process of concentrate have been greatly developed. The construction of E pH diagrams has turned to multi component systems. However, there are some limits in plotting such diagrams. There is only one diagram for one multi component system, which can not reflect the truth of the aqueous reaction. In the paper, a new computation method is proposed to construct E pH diagrams. Component activity term is used to determine the boundary of stable areas. For the multi component systems, different atom ratios of elements have been taken into account. M S H 2O system is chosen to study since it is of importance in metallurgical solution. Compared with conventional methods, the algorithm is simple and conforms to real conditions.展开更多
The thermodynamics equilibrium principle was used to construct the diagrams for the concentration of complex ions(pc) vs pH,the distribution ratio of lead hydroxyl complex ions(αn) vs pH,and the conditional solubilit...The thermodynamics equilibrium principle was used to construct the diagrams for the concentration of complex ions(pc) vs pH,the distribution ratio of lead hydroxyl complex ions(αn) vs pH,and the conditional solubility product of Pb(OH)2 vs pH in the Pb2+-H2O system. The relationship between the equilibrium concentration of each kind of lead hydroxyl complex ions in equilibrium with Pb(OH)2(s) and pH value was shown in the system. The minimum solubility of lead is at the pH value of 10.096-10.997. The distribution ratio of each kind of the lead hydroxyl complex ions is determined as a function of the pH value and the total lead concentration([Pb]T). The diagram for the conditional solubility product,pKSP vs pH,shows that each kind of lead hydroxyl complex ions existing in the system is dependent upon an optimized pH value at the established concentration of [Pb]T,and that pKSP reaches the minimum at the pH value of 10.3-11.2. The results can provide a theoretical basis for removing lead ions from wastewater by the neutralization and hydrolyzation technology.展开更多
蚀变分带和成矿机制的准确厘定是建立斑岩成矿模型与找矿预测的关键。本文以新生代金沙江-哀牢山成矿带的玉龙斑岩铜矿为例,通过质量作用定律(LMA)和吉布斯自由能最小化模型(GEM),构建含矿热液与斑岩侵入体的pH-f O 2相图和动态传输模型...蚀变分带和成矿机制的准确厘定是建立斑岩成矿模型与找矿预测的关键。本文以新生代金沙江-哀牢山成矿带的玉龙斑岩铜矿为例,通过质量作用定律(LMA)和吉布斯自由能最小化模型(GEM),构建含矿热液与斑岩侵入体的pH-f O 2相图和动态传输模型,以揭示蚀变分带成因和金属成矿机制。LMA与GEM结果显示初始成矿流体pH值为4.7,logf_(O2)=-23.0(ΔFMQ=+2.7),且溶解Cu含量为1138×10^(-6),Mo为1.2×10^(-6)。研究表明,当该酸性及强氧化性流体流入二长花岗斑岩体时,在温度为450~360℃范围内,代表钾硅酸盐化蚀变的钾长石、黑云母、硬石膏、赤铁矿和磁铁矿的矿物逐渐沉淀,且与钾硅酸盐化蚀变相关流体具有较高pH值(5.0~7.0)和氧逸度(ΔFMQ=+2.9~+3.6)特征;当温度在360~320℃范围时,代表青磐岩化蚀变阶段的典型矿物如绿帘石、铁绿泥石和斜绿泥石等逐渐形成,流体pH值(5.0~6.4)和氧逸度(ΔFMQ=+1.1)均有所下降;当温度进一步从320℃下降到200℃时,流体pH值(5.0~5.7)进一步小幅下降,而氧逸度则(ΔFMQ=+1.7)略有回升,在此期间,绢云母和方解石等开始沉淀并形成典型的绢英岩化蚀变。此外,以HMoO_(4)^(-)和MoO_(4)^(2-)为载体的Mo在狭窄高温区间(450~370℃)内沉淀,而以CuCl(CuCl_(4)^(3-)、CuCl_(2)^(-)、CuCl)为主要载体的Cu则在在中、高温(450~300℃)范围中沉淀。通过利用LMA反演及GEM正演相结合定量化地刻画了玉龙斑岩铜矿水岩反应过程,由此揭示了斑岩矿床蚀变分带是逐渐冷却的单一岩浆热液与斑岩体不断反应的结果,且不同温度窗口对应着钾硅酸盐化(450~360℃)、青磐岩化(360~320℃)和绢英岩化(320~200℃)蚀变矿物的形成,故含矿流体温度的快速下降可能是玉龙铜矿蚀变叠加的重要因素。此外,Cu、Mo络合离子溶解度对温度变化的差异响应,导致了Mo矿化主要发育于靠近斑岩体的高温区域,而Cu则以网脉状-浸染状叠加到Mo矿化之上,并广泛分布于斑岩体周边的高-中温区域。展开更多
文摘Aqueous E pH Diagram is an essential tool for analyzing hydrometallurgical and corrosion processes. Due to the requirements for environmental protection and energy saving in recent years, waste water processing and hydrometallurgical process of concentrate have been greatly developed. The construction of E pH diagrams has turned to multi component systems. However, there are some limits in plotting such diagrams. There is only one diagram for one multi component system, which can not reflect the truth of the aqueous reaction. In the paper, a new computation method is proposed to construct E pH diagrams. Component activity term is used to determine the boundary of stable areas. For the multi component systems, different atom ratios of elements have been taken into account. M S H 2O system is chosen to study since it is of importance in metallurgical solution. Compared with conventional methods, the algorithm is simple and conforms to real conditions.
基金Project(2007BAC25B01) supported by the National Key Project of Scientific and Technical Supporting Programs Funded by Ministry of Science and Technology of China during the 11th Five-Year PlanProject(308019) supported by the Key Scientific and Technical Project of Ministry of Education of ChinaProject(08JJ3020) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China
文摘The thermodynamics equilibrium principle was used to construct the diagrams for the concentration of complex ions(pc) vs pH,the distribution ratio of lead hydroxyl complex ions(αn) vs pH,and the conditional solubility product of Pb(OH)2 vs pH in the Pb2+-H2O system. The relationship between the equilibrium concentration of each kind of lead hydroxyl complex ions in equilibrium with Pb(OH)2(s) and pH value was shown in the system. The minimum solubility of lead is at the pH value of 10.096-10.997. The distribution ratio of each kind of the lead hydroxyl complex ions is determined as a function of the pH value and the total lead concentration([Pb]T). The diagram for the conditional solubility product,pKSP vs pH,shows that each kind of lead hydroxyl complex ions existing in the system is dependent upon an optimized pH value at the established concentration of [Pb]T,and that pKSP reaches the minimum at the pH value of 10.3-11.2. The results can provide a theoretical basis for removing lead ions from wastewater by the neutralization and hydrolyzation technology.
文摘蚀变分带和成矿机制的准确厘定是建立斑岩成矿模型与找矿预测的关键。本文以新生代金沙江-哀牢山成矿带的玉龙斑岩铜矿为例,通过质量作用定律(LMA)和吉布斯自由能最小化模型(GEM),构建含矿热液与斑岩侵入体的pH-f O 2相图和动态传输模型,以揭示蚀变分带成因和金属成矿机制。LMA与GEM结果显示初始成矿流体pH值为4.7,logf_(O2)=-23.0(ΔFMQ=+2.7),且溶解Cu含量为1138×10^(-6),Mo为1.2×10^(-6)。研究表明,当该酸性及强氧化性流体流入二长花岗斑岩体时,在温度为450~360℃范围内,代表钾硅酸盐化蚀变的钾长石、黑云母、硬石膏、赤铁矿和磁铁矿的矿物逐渐沉淀,且与钾硅酸盐化蚀变相关流体具有较高pH值(5.0~7.0)和氧逸度(ΔFMQ=+2.9~+3.6)特征;当温度在360~320℃范围时,代表青磐岩化蚀变阶段的典型矿物如绿帘石、铁绿泥石和斜绿泥石等逐渐形成,流体pH值(5.0~6.4)和氧逸度(ΔFMQ=+1.1)均有所下降;当温度进一步从320℃下降到200℃时,流体pH值(5.0~5.7)进一步小幅下降,而氧逸度则(ΔFMQ=+1.7)略有回升,在此期间,绢云母和方解石等开始沉淀并形成典型的绢英岩化蚀变。此外,以HMoO_(4)^(-)和MoO_(4)^(2-)为载体的Mo在狭窄高温区间(450~370℃)内沉淀,而以CuCl(CuCl_(4)^(3-)、CuCl_(2)^(-)、CuCl)为主要载体的Cu则在在中、高温(450~300℃)范围中沉淀。通过利用LMA反演及GEM正演相结合定量化地刻画了玉龙斑岩铜矿水岩反应过程,由此揭示了斑岩矿床蚀变分带是逐渐冷却的单一岩浆热液与斑岩体不断反应的结果,且不同温度窗口对应着钾硅酸盐化(450~360℃)、青磐岩化(360~320℃)和绢英岩化(320~200℃)蚀变矿物的形成,故含矿流体温度的快速下降可能是玉龙铜矿蚀变叠加的重要因素。此外,Cu、Mo络合离子溶解度对温度变化的差异响应,导致了Mo矿化主要发育于靠近斑岩体的高温区域,而Cu则以网脉状-浸染状叠加到Mo矿化之上,并广泛分布于斑岩体周边的高-中温区域。
