你也许注意到人力-电动混合型自行车的数量在增加。找出一个合适的名称来区分不同类型的自行车变得越来越困难。至此,你已听到电动自行车(electric bicycles),电动车(e-bikes),电动助力自行车(electric Power Assisted Cycles缩写为EPA...你也许注意到人力-电动混合型自行车的数量在增加。找出一个合适的名称来区分不同类型的自行车变得越来越困难。至此,你已听到电动自行车(electric bicycles),电动车(e-bikes),电动助力自行车(electric Power Assisted Cycles缩写为EPACs)及电控自行车(Electronic Bike)。你能说出它们之间的区别吗?展开更多
There are obstacles to the widespread use of small electric vehicles(EVs)in Rwanda,including concerns regarding the battery range and lifespan.Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)play an important role in EVs.However,their per...There are obstacles to the widespread use of small electric vehicles(EVs)in Rwanda,including concerns regarding the battery range and lifespan.Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)play an important role in EVs.However,their performance declines over time because of several factors.To optimize battery management systems and extend the range of EVs in Rwanda,it is essential to understand the influence of the driving profiles on lithium-ion battery degradation.This study analyzed the degradation patterns of a lithium-ion battery cell that propels an E-bike using various real-world E-bike driving cycles that represent Rwandan driving conditions under deep discharge(>80%).By being aware of these variables,battery failure can be slowed and improved battery performance can be achieved to promote the transition to cleaner transportation in Rwanda for the productive use of energy.The analyzed parameters that affect battery performance are temperature,driving cycles,and state of charge.It was found that the higher the temperature,the higher was the rate of fading.On the other hand,the EVs that operate in the region with higher elevation(hilly region)combined with a flat surface where the riders use their physical forces to propel the E-bike and their batteries lose their capacity rapidly compared to those operating in regions where the energy from the lithium-ion battery assists for the entire mileage.By draining the battery to 10%and charging it to 90%of its initial capacity,the capacity fading decreased by 5%.展开更多
基金supported by the Global Challenges Research Fund(GCRF)through the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council UK under project RENGA(EP/R030235/1)It was also funded by the African Center of Excellence in Energy for Sustainable Development(ACE-ESD)under the University of Rwanda,College of Science and Technology.
文摘There are obstacles to the widespread use of small electric vehicles(EVs)in Rwanda,including concerns regarding the battery range and lifespan.Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)play an important role in EVs.However,their performance declines over time because of several factors.To optimize battery management systems and extend the range of EVs in Rwanda,it is essential to understand the influence of the driving profiles on lithium-ion battery degradation.This study analyzed the degradation patterns of a lithium-ion battery cell that propels an E-bike using various real-world E-bike driving cycles that represent Rwandan driving conditions under deep discharge(>80%).By being aware of these variables,battery failure can be slowed and improved battery performance can be achieved to promote the transition to cleaner transportation in Rwanda for the productive use of energy.The analyzed parameters that affect battery performance are temperature,driving cycles,and state of charge.It was found that the higher the temperature,the higher was the rate of fading.On the other hand,the EVs that operate in the region with higher elevation(hilly region)combined with a flat surface where the riders use their physical forces to propel the E-bike and their batteries lose their capacity rapidly compared to those operating in regions where the energy from the lithium-ion battery assists for the entire mileage.By draining the battery to 10%and charging it to 90%of its initial capacity,the capacity fading decreased by 5%.
